See fatwa in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
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"t": "formal legal opinion"
},
"expansion": "Arabic فَتْوَى (fatwā, “formal legal opinion”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "verbal noun",
"name": "glossary"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "it",
"3": "fetfà"
},
"expansion": "Italian fetfà",
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{
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"name": "qualifier"
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{
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"name": "glossary"
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{
"args": {
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"2": "ota",
"3": "فتوی",
"tr": "fetva"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish فتوی (fetva)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "fetva"
},
"expansion": "Turkish fetva",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
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"3": "فَتْوَى"
},
"expansion": "Arabic فَتْوَى (fatwā)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
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},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
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"2": "death decree"
},
"expansion": "sense 1.2",
"name": "senseno"
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{
"args": {
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"name": "glossary"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
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},
"expansion": "Arabic فَتَاوَى (fatāwā)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
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"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is borrowed from Arabic فَتْوَى (fatwā, “formal legal opinion”), the verbal noun of أَفْتَى (ʔaftā, “to deliver a formal opinion”) (whence مُفْتٍ (muftin, “mufti”), the active participle of the same verb: see mufti).\nThe forms fetwa, fetwah are derived from Italian fetfà (obsolete), and directly from its etymon Ottoman Turkish فتوی (fetva) (modern Turkish fetva), from Arabic فَتْوَى (fatwā): see above.\nModern uses of noun sense 1.2 (“decree that a person should be put to death”) and the corresponding verb sense are probably influenced by the issuance of a fatwa on 14 February 1989 by the Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini (1900 or 1902 – 1989), the Supreme Leader of Iran, calling for the British-American author Salman Rushdie (born 1947) and his publishers to be put to death for alleged blasphemy in his novel The Satanic Verses (1988).\nThe plural form fatawa is borrowed from Arabic فَتَاوَى (fatāwā).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fatwas",
"tags": [
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}
],
"hyphenation": [
"fat‧wa",
"fat‧a‧wa"
],
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"pos": "noun",
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],
"examples": [
{
"text": "The website contains fatwas on points of Islamic law that arise in court cases.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A formal legal decree, opinion, or ruling issued by a mufti or other Islamic judicial authority."
],
"id": "en-fatwa-en-noun-en:Islamic_decree",
"links": [
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{
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{
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{
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{
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"name": "Terms with Tatar translations",
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{
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{
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{
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"name": "Directives",
"orig": "en:Directives",
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"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A decree issued by a mufti or other Islamic judicial authority that a person should be put to death, usually as punishment for committing apostasy or blasphemy."
],
"id": "en-fatwa-en-noun-en:Islamic_decree1",
"links": [
[
"erroneous",
"erroneous"
],
[
"person",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"put to death",
"put to death"
],
[
"punishment",
"punishment"
],
[
"committing",
"commit#Verb"
],
[
"apostasy",
"apostasy"
],
[
"blasphemy",
"blasphemy"
]
],
"qualifier": "erroneous",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Islam)",
"(by extension, loosely, erroneous) A decree issued by a mufti or other Islamic judicial authority that a person should be put to death, usually as punishment for committing apostasy or blasphemy."
],
"senseid": [
"en:Islamic decree",
"en:death decree"
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
],
"topics": [
"Islam",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "en:Religion",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A formal decree or ruling, or statement, issued by an authority of a religion other than Islam."
],
"id": "en-fatwa-en-noun-tf3qgr0j",
"links": [
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"statement",
"statement#Noun"
],
[
"Islam",
"Islam"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(religion, by extension) A formal decree or ruling, or statement, issued by an authority of a religion other than Islam."
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "27 23 47 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "loosely: similar ruling issued by an authority of a religion other than Islam",
"word": "fatwa"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"An emphatic decree or opinion, especially one which condemns or criticizes."
],
"id": "en-fatwa-en-noun-dmQ~bZlp",
"links": [
[
"emphatic",
"emphatic#Adjective"
],
[
"condemn",
"condemn"
],
[
"criticize",
"criticize"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative, informal) An emphatic decree or opinion, especially one which condemns or criticizes."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfætwɑː/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-fatwa.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/19/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fatwa.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fatwa.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfætwɑ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɑt-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfət-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfætɑːwɑː/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfætɑwɑ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fetwa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "fetwah"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "fatwah"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "futwa"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "futwah"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "38 35 24 3",
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "fatwa"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 35 24 3",
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fetva"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 35 24 3",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "fatwā",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "فَتْوَى"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 35 24 3",
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "fitva"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 35 24 3",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "fətwə",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "фәтүә"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 35 24 3",
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "photōẇa",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "ফতোয়া"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 35 24 3",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fǎtéwǎ",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "法特瓦"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 35 24 3",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fatva"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 35 24 3",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fatwa"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 35 24 3",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fatwa"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 35 24 3",
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "fatvaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 35 24 3",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "fatwa"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 35 24 3",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fatwa"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 35 24 3",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "Fatwa"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 35 24 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "fetfás",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "φετφάς"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 35 24 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "fetvás",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "φετβάς"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 35 24 3",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "fátoua",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "φάτουα"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 35 24 3",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "פַתְוָה"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 35 24 3",
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "fatvá",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "פתווה"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 35 24 3",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "fatvā",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "फ़तवा"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 35 24 3",
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "phatvā",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "फतवा"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 35 24 3",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "fetva"
},
{
"_dis1": "38 35 24 3",
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
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{
"ref": "1999, Mary Anne Weaver, “Life in the Alleys”, in A Portrait of Egypt: A Journey through the World of Militant Islam, New York, N.Y.: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, →ISBN, page 141:",
"text": "Unlike many writers and artists, Chahine had not been fatwaed by the militants, but he felt threatened nevertheless.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2002, South Asia Politics, volume 1, New Delhi: Rashtriya Jagriti Sansthan, →OCLC, page 30, column 2:",
"text": "One wonders why these terrorists are not fatwaed.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 April 15, Katie Van Syckle, “Q&A: Salman Rushdie Talks ‘Midnight’s Children,’ Other Projects”, in Rolling Stone, New York, N.Y.: Penske Media Corporation, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-06-12:",
"text": "'I'm just beginning one,' says famously-fatwaed author of new novel [subtitle]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Mohamed Gibril Sesay, “The Youth of Paradise”, in This Side of Nothingness […] (Sierra Leonean Writers Series), Freetown, Sierra Leone: Karantha Publishers, →ISBN, page 186:",
"text": "Ask Salman Rushdie. He was fatwaed for linking facts and fiction in ways that the mullahs say they should not be linked.",
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}
],
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],
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"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
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"word": "julistaa fatwa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
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}
]
}
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]
},
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],
[
"blasphemy",
"blasphemy"
]
],
"qualifier": "erroneous",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Islam)",
"(by extension, loosely, erroneous) A decree issued by a mufti or other Islamic judicial authority that a person should be put to death, usually as punishment for committing apostasy or blasphemy."
],
"senseid": [
"en:Islamic decree",
"en:death decree"
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
],
"topics": [
"Islam",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Religion"
],
"glosses": [
"A formal decree or ruling, or statement, issued by an authority of a religion other than Islam."
],
"links": [
[
"religion",
"religion"
],
[
"statement",
"statement#Noun"
],
[
"Islam",
"Islam"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(religion, by extension) A formal decree or ruling, or statement, issued by an authority of a religion other than Islam."
],
"tags": [
"broadly"
],
"topics": [
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English informal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"An emphatic decree or opinion, especially one which condemns or criticizes."
],
"links": [
[
"emphatic",
"emphatic#Adjective"
],
[
"condemn",
"condemn"
],
[
"criticize",
"criticize"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative, informal) An emphatic decree or opinion, especially one which condemns or criticizes."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively",
"informal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfætwɑː/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-fatwa.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/19/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fatwa.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fatwa.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfætwɑ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɑt-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfət-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfætɑːwɑː/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfætɑwɑ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "fetwa"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "fetwah"
},
{
"word": "fatwah"
},
{
"word": "futwa"
},
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "futwah"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "fatwa"
},
{
"code": "sq",
"lang": "Albanian",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fetva"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "fatwā",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "فَتْوَى"
},
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "fitva"
},
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "fətwə",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "фәтүә"
},
{
"code": "bn",
"lang": "Bengali",
"roman": "photōẇa",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "ফতোয়া"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fǎtéwǎ",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "法特瓦"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fatva"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fatwa"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "fatwa"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "fatvaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "fatwa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fatwa"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter"
],
"word": "Fatwa"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "fetfás",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "φετφάς"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "fetvás",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "φετβάς"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "fátoua",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "φάτουα"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "פַתְוָה"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "fatvá",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "פתווה"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "fatvā",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "फ़तवा"
},
{
"code": "hi",
"lang": "Hindi",
"roman": "phatvā",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "फतवा"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "fetva"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "fatwa"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fatwa"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "fatowā",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "ファトワー"
},
{
"code": "kk",
"lang": "Kazakh",
"roman": "pätua",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "пәтуа"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "pateuwa",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "파트와"
},
{
"code": "kum",
"lang": "Kumyk",
"roman": "patwa",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "патва"
},
{
"code": "ckb",
"lang": "Central Kurdish",
"roman": "fetwa",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "فەتوا"
},
{
"code": "ky",
"lang": "Kyrgyz",
"roman": "fatva",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "фатва"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "fátva",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "фа́тва"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "fatwa"
},
{
"code": "ms",
"lang": "Malay",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "petua"
},
{
"code": "mr",
"lang": "Marathi",
"roman": "phatvā",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "फतवा"
},
{
"code": "ota",
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"roman": "fetva",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "فتوی"
},
{
"code": "ps",
"lang": "Pashto",
"roman": "fetwã",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "فتوى"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "fatvâ",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "فتوا"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fatwa"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fátua"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "fétva",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "фе́тва"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "fetvá",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "фетва́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "fátva",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "фа́тва"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "fatvá",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "фатва́"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "фе̏тва"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"feminine"
],
"word": "фа̏тва"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "fȅtva"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"feminine"
],
"word": "fȁtva"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fetua"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fatua"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "fatwa"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "fatwa"
},
{
"code": "tg",
"lang": "Tajik",
"roman": "fatvo",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "фатво"
},
{
"code": "tt",
"lang": "Tatar",
"roman": "fätwa",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "фәтва"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "fetva"
},
{
"code": "ur",
"lang": "Urdu",
"roman": "fatvā",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "فتوی"
},
{
"code": "ug",
"lang": "Uyghur",
"roman": "petiwa",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "پەتىۋا"
},
{
"code": "uz",
"lang": "Uzbek",
"sense": "formal ruling issued by an Islamic judicial authority",
"word": "fatvo"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "loosely: similar ruling issued by an authority of a religion other than Islam",
"word": "fatwa"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Ruhollah Khomeini",
"Salman Rushdie",
"The Satanic Verses"
],
"word": "fatwa"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms borrowed from Arabic",
"English terms derived from Arabic",
"English terms derived from Italian",
"English terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"English terms derived from the Arabic root ف ت و",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 10 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Albanian translations",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Bashkir translations",
"Terms with Bengali translations",
"Terms with Central Kurdish translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Estonian translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hindi translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Indonesian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Kazakh translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Kumyk translations",
"Terms with Kyrgyz translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malay translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Marathi translations",
"Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations",
"Terms with Pashto translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tajik translations",
"Terms with Tatar translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Urdu translations",
"Terms with Uyghur translations",
"Terms with Uzbek translations",
"en:Directives"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
"3": "ف ت و"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
"3": "فَتْوَى",
"t": "formal legal opinion"
},
"expansion": "Arabic فَتْوَى (fatwā, “formal legal opinion”)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verbal noun"
},
"expansion": "verbal noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "active"
},
"expansion": "active",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "participle"
},
"expansion": "participle",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "fetfà"
},
"expansion": "Italian fetfà",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "qualifier"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ota",
"3": "فتوی",
"tr": "fetva"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish فتوی (fetva)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "fetva"
},
"expansion": "Turkish fetva",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
"3": "فَتْوَى"
},
"expansion": "Arabic فَتْوَى (fatwā)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "English",
"name": "langname"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "death decree"
},
"expansion": "sense 1.2",
"name": "senseno"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "plural"
},
"expansion": "plural",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ar",
"3": "فَتَاوَى"
},
"expansion": "Arabic فَتَاوَى (fatāwā)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is borrowed from Arabic فَتْوَى (fatwā, “formal legal opinion”), the verbal noun of أَفْتَى (ʔaftā, “to deliver a formal opinion”) (whence مُفْتٍ (muftin, “mufti”), the active participle of the same verb: see mufti).\nThe forms fetwa, fetwah are derived from Italian fetfà (obsolete), and directly from its etymon Ottoman Turkish فتوی (fetva) (modern Turkish fetva), from Arabic فَتْوَى (fatwā): see above.\nModern uses of noun sense 1.2 (“decree that a person should be put to death”) and the corresponding verb sense are probably influenced by the issuance of a fatwa on 14 February 1989 by the Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini (1900 or 1902 – 1989), the Supreme Leader of Iran, calling for the British-American author Salman Rushdie (born 1947) and his publishers to be put to death for alleged blasphemy in his novel The Satanic Verses (1988).\nThe plural form fatawa is borrowed from Arabic فَتَاوَى (fatāwā).\nThe verb is derived from the noun.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "fatwas",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "fatwaing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fatwaed",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "fatwaed",
"tags": [
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]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"expansion": "fatwa (third-person singular simple present fatwas, present participle fatwaing, simple past and past participle fatwaed)",
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}
],
"hyphenation": [
"fat‧wa",
"fat‧a‧wa"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1999, Mary Anne Weaver, “Life in the Alleys”, in A Portrait of Egypt: A Journey through the World of Militant Islam, New York, N.Y.: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, →ISBN, page 141:",
"text": "Unlike many writers and artists, Chahine had not been fatwaed by the militants, but he felt threatened nevertheless.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2002, South Asia Politics, volume 1, New Delhi: Rashtriya Jagriti Sansthan, →OCLC, page 30, column 2:",
"text": "One wonders why these terrorists are not fatwaed.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2013 April 15, Katie Van Syckle, “Q&A: Salman Rushdie Talks ‘Midnight’s Children,’ Other Projects”, in Rolling Stone, New York, N.Y.: Penske Media Corporation, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2024-06-12:",
"text": "'I'm just beginning one,' says famously-fatwaed author of new novel [subtitle]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2015, Mohamed Gibril Sesay, “The Youth of Paradise”, in This Side of Nothingness […] (Sierra Leonean Writers Series), Freetown, Sierra Leone: Karantha Publishers, →ISBN, page 186:",
"text": "Ask Salman Rushdie. He was fatwaed for linking facts and fiction in ways that the mullahs say they should not be linked.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To issue a fatwa (noun sense 1) against (someone); specifically (loosely, erroneous), a fatwa imposing a ban or a death sentence."
],
"links": [
[
"issue",
"issue#Verb"
],
[
"fatwa",
"fatwa#Noun"
],
[
"erroneous",
"erroneous"
],
[
"imposing",
"impose"
],
[
"ban",
"ban#Noun"
],
[
"death sentence",
"death sentence"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, rare) To issue a fatwa (noun sense 1) against (someone); specifically (loosely, erroneous), a fatwa imposing a ban or a death sentence."
],
"tags": [
"rare",
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈfætwɑː/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-fatwa.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/19/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fatwa.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fatwa.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/19/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fatwa.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-fatwa.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfætwɑ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfɑt-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfət-/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfætɑːwɑː/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈfætɑwɑ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to issue a fatwa against (someone)",
"word": "julistaa fatwa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to issue a fatwa against (someone)",
"word": "antaa fatwa"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Ruhollah Khomeini",
"Salman Rushdie",
"The Satanic Verses"
],
"word": "fatwa"
}
Download raw JSONL data for fatwa meaning in English (24.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.