See exoskeleton in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for exoskeleton meaning in English (8.9kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "endoskeleton"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "exo",
"3": "skeleton"
},
"expansion": "exo- + skeleton",
"name": "prefix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From exo- + skeleton.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "exoskeletons",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "exoskeleta",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "+",
"2": "exoskeleta"
},
"expansion": "exoskeleton (plural exoskeletons or exoskeleta)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms prefixed with exo-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "en:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "exoskeletal"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1903 January 17, A[rchibald] B[yron] Macallum, “The Palæochemistry of the Ocean in Relation to Animal and Vegetable Protoplasm”, in Transactions of the Canadian Institute, volume VII, Toronto, Ont.: […] for the Canadian Institute by Murray Printing Company, published 1904, section IV (The Composition of the Primeval Ocean), page 551",
"text": "This is the case not only with all forms provided with exoskeleta and endoskeleta, into the composition of which lime largely enters, but also with those which exercise the precipitating effect on the calcium salts they absorb from sea water, the precipitation rarely going so far as to form a distinct deposit in the cells or tissues of the organism.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1982, R. V. Lynch, Jr., R. Burrell, “Primate Dander Allergy of Lesser Bushbaby (Galago): A Case Report”, in D[uane] E. Haines, editor, The Lesser Bushbaby (Galago) as an Animal Model: Selected Topics, Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, Inc., page 304",
"text": "Ordinarily, allergy to animals is due to either their fine dander which becomes aerosolized or to the exoskeleta, pupae, or feces of their ectoparasites.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2009, Klement Tockner, Gene E[lden] Likens, editors, Encyclopedia of Inland Waters, Academic Press",
"text": "After separation, the next generation of daughters resumes the photosynthetic fixation (reduction) of carbon, the sequestration of phosphorus, nitrogen, and mineral nutrients (up to a score), and the synthesis of the proteins that will contribute to the generational doubling of biomass. Structures such as flagella, scales, and exoskeleta also have to be reallocated or copied.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2024 February 21, Philip Haigh, “Network News: New platforms and bridge to transform Darlington”, in RAIL, number 1003, page 12",
"text": "Drawings supplied with NR's council application show a bridge with an exoskeleton that repeats some of the angles of Hitachi's '800' series trains which LNER and TransPennine Express run through the station.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A hard outer structure that provides both structure and protection to creatures such as insects and Crustacea."
],
"id": "en-exoskeleton-en-noun-yF5EMKqL",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"outer",
"outer"
],
[
"structure",
"structure"
],
[
"protection",
"protection"
],
[
"creature",
"creature"
],
[
"insect",
"insect"
],
[
"Crustacea",
"Crustacea#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) A hard outer structure that provides both structure and protection to creatures such as insects and Crustacea."
],
"related": [
{
"english": "often meronymous",
"word": "carapace"
}
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "huidskelet"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "haykal ḵārijiyy",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "هَيْكَل خَارِجِيّ"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "exocadarma"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "exoesqueletu"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "ezrelegenn"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "exosquelet"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wàigǔgé",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "外骨骼"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "exoskelet"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "eksoskeleto"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "välisskelett"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "eksoskelett"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "ulkoinen tukiranka"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "exosquelette"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Exoskelett"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "exoskeletós",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "εξωσκελετός"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "(külső/viselhető/hordható) robotváz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "exoszkeleton"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "exoskeleto"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "rangka luar"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "eksoskeleton"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esoscheletro"
},
{
"alt": "がいこっかく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gaikokkaku",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "外骨格"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "oegolgyeok",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "외골격"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "egzoskeletas"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "angawaho"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "szkielet zewnętrzny"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "egzoszkielet"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "exosqueleto"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "exoesqueleto"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ekzoskelét",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "экзоскеле́т"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "egzoskelet"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "exoskelet"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "zunanji skelet"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "eksoskelet"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "exoesqueleto"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dermatoesqueleto"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "kalansay-panlabas"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "dış iskelet"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "bộ xương ngoài"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sgerbwd allanol"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "allsgerbwd"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"en:exoskeleton"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-exoskeleton.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-exoskeleton.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-exoskeleton.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"word": "exoskeleton"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "endoskeleton"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "exoskeletal"
}
],
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"3": "skeleton"
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"expansion": "exo- + skeleton",
"name": "prefix"
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"etymology_text": "From exo- + skeleton.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "exoskeletons",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "exoskeleta",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "+",
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"expansion": "exoskeleton (plural exoskeletons or exoskeleta)",
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"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "often meronymous",
"word": "carapace"
}
],
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
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"English terms with quotations",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
"en:Anatomy"
],
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{
"ref": "1903 January 17, A[rchibald] B[yron] Macallum, “The Palæochemistry of the Ocean in Relation to Animal and Vegetable Protoplasm”, in Transactions of the Canadian Institute, volume VII, Toronto, Ont.: […] for the Canadian Institute by Murray Printing Company, published 1904, section IV (The Composition of the Primeval Ocean), page 551",
"text": "This is the case not only with all forms provided with exoskeleta and endoskeleta, into the composition of which lime largely enters, but also with those which exercise the precipitating effect on the calcium salts they absorb from sea water, the precipitation rarely going so far as to form a distinct deposit in the cells or tissues of the organism.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1982, R. V. Lynch, Jr., R. Burrell, “Primate Dander Allergy of Lesser Bushbaby (Galago): A Case Report”, in D[uane] E. Haines, editor, The Lesser Bushbaby (Galago) as an Animal Model: Selected Topics, Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC Press, Inc., page 304",
"text": "Ordinarily, allergy to animals is due to either their fine dander which becomes aerosolized or to the exoskeleta, pupae, or feces of their ectoparasites.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2009, Klement Tockner, Gene E[lden] Likens, editors, Encyclopedia of Inland Waters, Academic Press",
"text": "After separation, the next generation of daughters resumes the photosynthetic fixation (reduction) of carbon, the sequestration of phosphorus, nitrogen, and mineral nutrients (up to a score), and the synthesis of the proteins that will contribute to the generational doubling of biomass. Structures such as flagella, scales, and exoskeleta also have to be reallocated or copied.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2024 February 21, Philip Haigh, “Network News: New platforms and bridge to transform Darlington”, in RAIL, number 1003, page 12",
"text": "Drawings supplied with NR's council application show a bridge with an exoskeleton that repeats some of the angles of Hitachi's '800' series trains which LNER and TransPennine Express run through the station.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A hard outer structure that provides both structure and protection to creatures such as insects and Crustacea."
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"outer",
"outer"
],
[
"structure",
"structure"
],
[
"protection",
"protection"
],
[
"creature",
"creature"
],
[
"insect",
"insect"
],
[
"Crustacea",
"Crustacea#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) A hard outer structure that provides both structure and protection to creatures such as insects and Crustacea."
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"wikipedia": [
"en:exoskeleton"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Wodencafe-exoskeleton.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-exoskeleton.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Wodencafe-exoskeleton.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "huidskelet"
},
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "haykal ḵārijiyy",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "هَيْكَل خَارِجِيّ"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "exocadarma"
},
{
"code": "ast",
"lang": "Asturian",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "exoesqueletu"
},
{
"code": "br",
"lang": "Breton",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "ezrelegenn"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "exosquelet"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "wàigǔgé",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "外骨骼"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "exoskelet"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "eksoskeleto"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "välisskelett"
},
{
"code": "et",
"lang": "Estonian",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "eksoskelett"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "ulkoinen tukiranka"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "exosquelette"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Exoskelett"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "exoskeletós",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "εξωσκελετός"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "(külső/viselhető/hordható) robotváz"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "exoszkeleton"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "exoskeleto"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "rangka luar"
},
{
"code": "id",
"lang": "Indonesian",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "eksoskeleton"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "esoscheletro"
},
{
"alt": "がいこっかく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gaikokkaku",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "外骨格"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "oegolgyeok",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "외골격"
},
{
"code": "lt",
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "egzoskeletas"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "angawaho"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "szkielet zewnętrzny"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "egzoszkielet"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "exosqueleto"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "exoesqueleto"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "ekzoskelét",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "экзоскеле́т"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"Roman",
"masculine"
],
"word": "egzoskelet"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "exoskelet"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "zunanji skelet"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "eksoskelet"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "exoesqueleto"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "dermatoesqueleto"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "kalansay-panlabas"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "dış iskelet"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"word": "bộ xương ngoài"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sgerbwd allanol"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "hard outer structure",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "allsgerbwd"
}
],
"word": "exoskeleton"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.