See eke in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for eke meaning in English (29.1kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "ekeing"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂ewg-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "eke",
"t": "addition, increase, enlargement"
},
"expansion": "Middle English eke (“addition, increase, enlargement”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēaca"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēaca",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aukô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aukô",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*aukaną",
"t": "to increase, add, enlarge"
},
"expansion": "*aukaną (“to increase, add, enlarge”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂ewg-",
"t": "to enlarge, increase"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewg- (“to enlarge, increase”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "āka",
"t": "addition, increase; bonus"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian āka (“addition, increase; bonus”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "auki",
"t": "growth, increase, proliferation"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse auki (“growth, increase, proliferation”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "eken",
"t": "to increase, add, enlarge"
},
"expansion": "Middle English eken (“to increase, add, enlarge”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "æcon, ayke, eche, echen, eek, eeke, eik (Scottish), ek, eke, uchen, yche, ȝeke, ȝeken",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "īeċan",
"4": "",
"5": "to increase, add, enlarge"
},
"expansion": "Old English īeċan (“to increase, add, enlarge”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ēacan",
"t": "to be enlarged or increased"
},
"expansion": "ēacan (“to be enlarged or increased”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ēacian"
},
"expansion": "ēacian",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aukaną",
"t": "to grow, increase"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aukaną (“to grow, increase”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "augeō",
"t": "to augment, increase; to enlarge, expand, spread; to lengthen; to exaggerate; to enrich; to honour; (figuratively) to exalt, praise"
},
"expansion": "Latin augeō (“to augment, increase; to enlarge, expand, spread; to lengthen; to exaggerate; to enrich; to honour; (figuratively) to exalt, praise”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ēac",
"t": "also"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēac (“also”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "auka",
"t": "to augment, increase; to add; to exceed, surpass"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse auka (“to augment, increase; to add; to exceed, surpass”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "auka",
"t": "to augment, increase to add; to exceed, surpass"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic auka (“to augment, increase to add; to exceed, surpass”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "øge",
"t": "to enhance; to increase"
},
"expansion": "Danish øge (“to enhance; to increase”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "øke",
"t": "to increase"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål øke (“to increase”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "auka",
"t": "to increase"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk auka (“to increase”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "öka",
"t": "to increase"
},
"expansion": "Swedish öka (“to increase”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English eke (“addition, increase, enlargement”), from Old English ēaca, from Proto-Germanic *aukô, from *aukaną (“to increase, add, enlarge”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewg- (“to enlarge, increase”). The English noun is cognate with Old Frisian āka (“addition, increase; bonus”), Old Norse auki (“growth, increase, proliferation”).\nThe verb is derived partly:\n* from the noun; and\n* from Middle English eken (“to increase, add, enlarge”) [and other forms], from three distinct verbs (1) Old English īeċan (“to increase, add, enlarge”) (transitive), (2) ēacan (“to be enlarged or increased”), and (3) ēacian, all from Proto-Germanic *aukaną (“to grow, increase”); see further above.\nThe English verb is cognate with Latin augeō (“to augment, increase; to enlarge, expand, spread; to lengthen; to exaggerate; to enrich; to honour; (figuratively) to exalt, praise”), Old English ēac (“also”), Old Norse auka (“to augment, increase; to add; to exceed, surpass”), Icelandic auka (“to augment, increase to add; to exceed, surpass”), (Danish øge (“to enhance; to increase”), Norwegian Bokmål øke (“to increase”), Norwegian Nynorsk auka (“to increase”), Swedish öka (“to increase”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ekes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "eke (plural ekes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "British English",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1786, Alexander Geddes, Prospectus of a New Translation of the Holy Bible from Corrected Texts of the Originals, Compared with the Ancient Versions. […], Glasgow: Printed for the author, and sold by R[obert] Faulder, […]; C. Eliot, […]; and —— Cross, […], →OCLC, page 95",
"text": "[T]hey [the Catholics and Puritans] encumbered their verſion [of the Bible] with a load of uſeleſs Italics; often without the leaſt neceſſity, and almoſt always to the detriment of the text. In fact, either the words in Italics are virtually implied in the Hebrew, or they are not. In the former caſe they are a real part of the text, and ſhould be printed in the ſame character: in the latter, they are generally ill aſſorted and clumſy ekes, that may well be ſpared; and which often disfigure the narration under pretence of connecting it.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An addition."
],
"id": "en-eke-en-noun--BkquJg5",
"links": [
[
"addition",
"addition"
]
],
"qualifier": "obsolete except British",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete except British, dialectal) An addition."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Beekeeping",
"orig": "en:Beekeeping",
"parents": [
"Agriculture",
"Applied sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1850, Henry Taylor, “Swarming (or Single Hiving) and Depriving Systems”, in The Bee-keepers Manual, or Practical Hints on the Management and Complete Preservation of the Honey-bee; […], 6th edition, London: Groombridge and Sons, […], →OCLC, pages 24–25",
"text": "Various have been the contrivances for effecting the separation of storage and breeding departments in a hive. […] An empty box or hive, pushed beneath a full one, is denominated a Nadir,—a mode of practice not always advisable except in the case of swarms of the same year, or towards the latter end of very abundant seasons. A still smaller addition to a common hive consists of merely a few bands of straw, on which it is raised temporarily, and this constitutes an eke. […] The entrance to the stock-hive must be stopped, and one made at the bottom of the eke or nadir.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small stand on which a beehive is placed."
],
"id": "en-eke-en-noun-bxZCsZXh",
"links": [
[
"beekeeping",
"beekeeping"
],
[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"stand",
"stand#Noun"
],
[
"beehive",
"beehive"
],
[
"placed",
"place#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(beekeeping, archaic) A small stand on which a beehive is placed."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"beekeeping",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Beekeeping",
"orig": "en:Beekeeping",
"parents": [
"Agriculture",
"Applied sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A spacer put between or over or under hive parts to make more space."
],
"id": "en-eke-en-noun-wxBAi1Vj",
"links": [
[
"beekeeping",
"beekeeping"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(beekeeping) A spacer put between or over or under hive parts to make more space."
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"beekeeping",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/iːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ik/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːk"
},
{
"homophone": "eek"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-eke.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-eke.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-eke.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-eke.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-eke.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"enpr": "ēk",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"word": "eke"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂ewg-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "eke",
"t": "addition, increase, enlargement"
},
"expansion": "Middle English eke (“addition, increase, enlargement”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēaca"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēaca",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aukô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aukô",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*aukaną",
"t": "to increase, add, enlarge"
},
"expansion": "*aukaną (“to increase, add, enlarge”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂ewg-",
"t": "to enlarge, increase"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewg- (“to enlarge, increase”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "āka",
"t": "addition, increase; bonus"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian āka (“addition, increase; bonus”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "auki",
"t": "growth, increase, proliferation"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse auki (“growth, increase, proliferation”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "eken",
"t": "to increase, add, enlarge"
},
"expansion": "Middle English eken (“to increase, add, enlarge”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "æcon, ayke, eche, echen, eek, eeke, eik (Scottish), ek, eke, uchen, yche, ȝeke, ȝeken",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "īeċan",
"4": "",
"5": "to increase, add, enlarge"
},
"expansion": "Old English īeċan (“to increase, add, enlarge”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ēacan",
"t": "to be enlarged or increased"
},
"expansion": "ēacan (“to be enlarged or increased”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ēacian"
},
"expansion": "ēacian",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aukaną",
"t": "to grow, increase"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aukaną (“to grow, increase”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "augeō",
"t": "to augment, increase; to enlarge, expand, spread; to lengthen; to exaggerate; to enrich; to honour; (figuratively) to exalt, praise"
},
"expansion": "Latin augeō (“to augment, increase; to enlarge, expand, spread; to lengthen; to exaggerate; to enrich; to honour; (figuratively) to exalt, praise”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ēac",
"t": "also"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēac (“also”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "auka",
"t": "to augment, increase; to add; to exceed, surpass"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse auka (“to augment, increase; to add; to exceed, surpass”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "auka",
"t": "to augment, increase to add; to exceed, surpass"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic auka (“to augment, increase to add; to exceed, surpass”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "øge",
"t": "to enhance; to increase"
},
"expansion": "Danish øge (“to enhance; to increase”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "øke",
"t": "to increase"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål øke (“to increase”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "auka",
"t": "to increase"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk auka (“to increase”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "öka",
"t": "to increase"
},
"expansion": "Swedish öka (“to increase”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English eke (“addition, increase, enlargement”), from Old English ēaca, from Proto-Germanic *aukô, from *aukaną (“to increase, add, enlarge”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewg- (“to enlarge, increase”). The English noun is cognate with Old Frisian āka (“addition, increase; bonus”), Old Norse auki (“growth, increase, proliferation”).\nThe verb is derived partly:\n* from the noun; and\n* from Middle English eken (“to increase, add, enlarge”) [and other forms], from three distinct verbs (1) Old English īeċan (“to increase, add, enlarge”) (transitive), (2) ēacan (“to be enlarged or increased”), and (3) ēacian, all from Proto-Germanic *aukaną (“to grow, increase”); see further above.\nThe English verb is cognate with Latin augeō (“to augment, increase; to enlarge, expand, spread; to lengthen; to exaggerate; to enrich; to honour; (figuratively) to exalt, praise”), Old English ēac (“also”), Old Norse auka (“to augment, increase; to add; to exceed, surpass”), Icelandic auka (“to augment, increase to add; to exceed, surpass”), (Danish øge (“to enhance; to increase”), Norwegian Bokmål øke (“to increase”), Norwegian Nynorsk auka (“to increase”), Swedish öka (“to increase”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ekes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "eking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ekeing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "eked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "eked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "eke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"pres_ptc2": "ekeing"
},
"expansion": "eke (third-person singular simple present ekes, present participle eking or ekeing, simple past and past participle eked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1",
"stem": "ek"
},
"name": "en-conj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "eke out"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1694 October 8, “A Letter from a Lancashire Friend about Breeding Cattle. […]”, in Richard Bradley, editor, compiled by John Houghton, Husbandry and Trade Improv’d: Being a Collection of Many Valuable Materials Relating to Corn, Cattle, Coals, Hops, Wool, &c. […] In Three Volumes, volume I, number CXIII, London: Prin[t]ed for Woo[d]man and Lyon […], published 1727, →OCLC, page 303",
"text": "Now the reaſons why they teach the calves to drink ſo ſoon are various. […] Secondly, the goodwife ſaves milk by this way of drinking, for ſhe quickly ekes out the milk with pottage, &c.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1751, Aaron Hill, “Free Thoughts upon Faith: Or, The Religion of Reason”, in The Poetical Works of Aaron Hill, Esq. […], Edinburgh: Printed by Mundell and Son, […], published 1794, →OCLC; republished in Robert Anderson, editor, The Works of the British Poets. […], volume VIII, London: Printed for John & Arthur Arch; and for Bell & Bradfute, and J. Mundell & Co. […], 1795, →OCLC, page 729, column 2",
"text": "Pity the hag-ridd'n quiv'rer who contracts / To ſuperſtition's gloom religion's joy, / And humbles adoration into dread. / Who ekeing his inch'd meaſure from within, / Peeps through his narrow ſoul's dim loop-hole wink, / And inſolently by his own ſcale takes / The altitude of heaven.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1768, J[ohn] Ray, A Complete Collection of English Proverbs; also, the Most Celebrated Proverbs of the Scotch, Italian, French, Spanish, and Other Languages. […] Reproduced Verbatim from the Edition of 1768., London: Printed for T. and J. Allman, […]; T. Boone, […]; and Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy, […], published 1817, →OCLC, page 71",
"text": "All ekes [or helps] as the geni-wren said, when she piss'd in the sea. / Many littles make a mickle, the whole ocean is made up of drops.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1805 July, “Art. XIV. History of Great Britain. By William Belsham. Vol. XI. and XII. London, 1805. 8vo. [book review]”, in The Edinburgh Review, or Critical Journal, volume VI, number XII, Edinburgh: Printed by D. Willison, […], for Archibald Constable & Co. […], and Longman Hurst Rees and Orme, […], →OCLC, page 428",
"text": "[T]he author [William Belsham] ekes out his volume with a great many extraneous details, which relate to a ſubſequent period; […] The whole work is ſingularly confuſed and deſultory: and, indeed, the plan which the author adopts, is altogether incompatible with that unity and coherence which is eſſential to hiſtory.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1811 June, “For the Anthology. Remarks on English Translations of the Roman Poets. No. 15. Juvenal.”, in The Monthly Anthology, and Boston Review. […], volume X, Boston, Mass.: Printed and published by T[homas] B. Wait and Co. […], →OCLC, page 384",
"text": "It must be acknowledged, that Mr. [William] Gifford's versification is sometimes unharmonious, and even harsh; that, like almost every other translator, he too often has recourse to eking words in order to complete his measure, and that his rhymes are frequently imperfect and faulty.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1865, “Leech Book”, in Oswald Cockayne, editor, Leechdoms, Wortcunning, and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part Never Before Printed, Illustrating the History of Science in this Country Before the Norman Conquest. […] (Rerum Britannicarum Medii Ævi Scriptores, or Chronicles and Memorials of Great Britain and Ireland during the Middle Ages; 35), London: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts, and Green, →OCLC, book II, chapter xxxix, page 249",
"text": "If however the distention from the wind cometh suddenly, then these things cannot help, since that will turn into dropsy. If one applieth the warming leechdoms to that, then one eketh or augmenteth the disease.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Kamin Mohammadi, “Displaced”, in The Cypress Tree: A Love Letter to Iran, London: Bloomsbury Publishing; paperback edition, London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2012, page 197",
"text": "But before too long, the rations that Parivash was ekeing out to feed them fell short and the tension that sprang from so many families piled in together overflowed.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Stewart M. Green, “Introduction”, in Amy Lyons, editor, New England (Scenic Routes & Byways), Guilford, Conn.: Morris Book Publishing, page 1",
"text": "It [New England] is also a place of history, a place that defines what it means to be American. Here grew the men and women who founded this country. […] sailors, whalers, and lobstermen eking a hard-won living from the ocean.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012 July 12, Ben Perry, “Branson’s spaceship steals the spotlight at airshow”, in Yahoo! News, archived from the original on 2020-04-26",
"text": "British tycoon Richard Branson stole the show here Wednesday, announcing that he and his family would be on Virgin Galactic's first trip into space, as Airbus and Boeing eked out more plane orders.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Thomas Keneally, chapter 2, in Shame and the Captives (A Knopf Book), North Sydney, N.S.W.: Random House Australia; 1st trade paperback edition, New York, N.Y.: Washington Square Press, Simon & Schuster, December 2015, page 24",
"text": "Very nearly as a cure for the man's innocence Tengan fired his cannons on him, and as the pilot, doomed and honorable, eked his plane a few metres into the air, both he and it were consumed by a frightful orb of fire.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chiefly in the form eke out: to add to, to augment; to increase; to lengthen."
],
"id": "en-eke-en-verb-DyYwD0MX",
"links": [
[
"eke out",
"eke out#English"
],
[
"add",
"add"
],
[
"augment",
"augment"
],
[
"increase",
"increase#Verb"
],
[
"lengthen",
"lengthen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) Chiefly in the form eke out: to add to, to augment; to increase; to lengthen."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dopǎlvam",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "допълвам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pribavjam",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "прибавям"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "udǎlžavam",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "удължавам"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zēngjiā",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "增加"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "補充"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bǔchōng",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "补充"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "lisätä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "venyttää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "pitkittää"
},
{
"alt": "おぎなう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "oginau",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "補う"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dobavljátʹ",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "добавля́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "udlinjatʹ",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "удлинять"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uvelíčivatʹ",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "увели́чивать"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "auger"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "incrementar"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/iːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ik/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːk"
},
{
"homophone": "eek"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-eke.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-eke.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-eke.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-eke.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-eke.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"enpr": "ēk",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"word": "eke"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "ek"
},
"expansion": "Middle English ek",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "eek"
},
"expansion": "eek",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "eke",
"t": "also"
},
"expansion": "eke (“also”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "æac, eac, ec, eeke, heke, iec, ok, yke, ʒeke",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēac"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēac",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ǣc"
},
"expansion": "ǣc",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ēc",
"t": "also"
},
"expansion": "ēc (“also”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*auk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *auk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*auk",
"t": "also, too; furthermore, in addition"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *auk (“also, too; furthermore, in addition”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂ewg-",
"t": "to enlarge, increase"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewg- (“to enlarge, increase”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂ew",
"t": "away from, off; again"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ew (“away from, off; again”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*gʰe",
"3": "*g(ʰ)e",
"pos": "postpositional intensifying particle meaning ‘at any rate, indeed, in fact’"
},
"expansion": "*g(ʰ)e (postpositional intensifying particle meaning ‘at any rate, indeed, in fact’)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌰𐌿𐌺",
"t": "also; for, because; but also"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌺 (auk, “also; for, because; but also”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "âk"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian âk",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ouh",
"t": "also, as well, too"
},
"expansion": "Old High German ouh (“also, as well, too”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "ouch"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German ouch",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "auch",
"t": "also, as well, too"
},
"expansion": "German auch (“also, as well, too”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "auk",
"t": "also; and"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse auk (“also; and”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "og",
"t": "and"
},
"expansion": "Danish og (“and”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "och",
"t": "and"
},
"expansion": "Swedish och (“and”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ock",
"t": "(dated) also, as well as, too"
},
"expansion": "ock (“(dated) also, as well as, too”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "ôk"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon ôk",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ook",
"t": "also, too; moreover; either"
},
"expansion": "Dutch ook (“also, too; moreover; either”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "ook"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian ook",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "uk",
"t": "also, too"
},
"expansion": "uk (“also, too”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "ek",
"t": "also, too"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian ek (“also, too”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English ek, eek, eke (“also”) [and other forms], from Old English ēac, ǣc, ēc (“also”), from Proto-West Germanic *auk, from Proto-Germanic *auk (“also, too; furthermore, in addition”), then either:\n* from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewg- (“to enlarge, increase”); or\n* from Pre-Germanic *h₂ew (“away from, off; again”) + *g(ʰ)e (postpositional intensifying particle meaning ‘at any rate, indeed, in fact’)\nThe English word is cognate with Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌺 (auk, “also; for, because; but also”), Old Frisian âk, Old High German ouh (“also, as well, too”) (Middle High German ouch, modern German auch (“also, as well, too”)), Old Norse auk (“also; and”) (Danish og (“and”), Swedish och (“and”), ock (“(dated) also, as well as, too”)), Old Saxon ôk, Dutch ook (“also, too; moreover; either”), Saterland Frisian ook, uk (“also, too”), West Frisian ek (“also, too”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "eke (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adv"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 16 21 13 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1548, Henry Haward, late Earle of Surrey [i.e., Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey], “Description of Spring, wherin Eche Thing Renewes, Saue Onely the Louer”, in Songes and Sonettes, […], [London]: Apud Richardum Tottel [i.e., Richard Tottel], published 1557, →OCLC",
"text": "The ſoote [i.e., sweet] ſeaſon, that bud and blome forth brings, / With grene hath clad the hill, and eke the vale: […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Also; in addition to."
],
"id": "en-eke-en-adv-en:also",
"links": [
[
"Also",
"also"
],
[
"addition",
"addition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Also; in addition to."
],
"senseid": [
"en:also"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/iːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ik/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːk"
},
{
"homophone": "eek"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-eke.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-eke.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-eke.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-eke.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-eke.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"enpr": "ēk",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"word": "eke"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adverbs",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English palindromes",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ewg-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncomparable adverbs",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/iːk",
"Rhymes:English/iːk/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "ekeing"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂ewg-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "eke",
"t": "addition, increase, enlargement"
},
"expansion": "Middle English eke (“addition, increase, enlargement”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēaca"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēaca",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aukô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aukô",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*aukaną",
"t": "to increase, add, enlarge"
},
"expansion": "*aukaną (“to increase, add, enlarge”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂ewg-",
"t": "to enlarge, increase"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewg- (“to enlarge, increase”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "āka",
"t": "addition, increase; bonus"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian āka (“addition, increase; bonus”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "auki",
"t": "growth, increase, proliferation"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse auki (“growth, increase, proliferation”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "eken",
"t": "to increase, add, enlarge"
},
"expansion": "Middle English eken (“to increase, add, enlarge”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "æcon, ayke, eche, echen, eek, eeke, eik (Scottish), ek, eke, uchen, yche, ȝeke, ȝeken",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "īeċan",
"4": "",
"5": "to increase, add, enlarge"
},
"expansion": "Old English īeċan (“to increase, add, enlarge”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ēacan",
"t": "to be enlarged or increased"
},
"expansion": "ēacan (“to be enlarged or increased”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ēacian"
},
"expansion": "ēacian",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aukaną",
"t": "to grow, increase"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aukaną (“to grow, increase”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "augeō",
"t": "to augment, increase; to enlarge, expand, spread; to lengthen; to exaggerate; to enrich; to honour; (figuratively) to exalt, praise"
},
"expansion": "Latin augeō (“to augment, increase; to enlarge, expand, spread; to lengthen; to exaggerate; to enrich; to honour; (figuratively) to exalt, praise”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ēac",
"t": "also"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēac (“also”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "auka",
"t": "to augment, increase; to add; to exceed, surpass"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse auka (“to augment, increase; to add; to exceed, surpass”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "auka",
"t": "to augment, increase to add; to exceed, surpass"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic auka (“to augment, increase to add; to exceed, surpass”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "øge",
"t": "to enhance; to increase"
},
"expansion": "Danish øge (“to enhance; to increase”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "øke",
"t": "to increase"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål øke (“to increase”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "auka",
"t": "to increase"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk auka (“to increase”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "öka",
"t": "to increase"
},
"expansion": "Swedish öka (“to increase”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English eke (“addition, increase, enlargement”), from Old English ēaca, from Proto-Germanic *aukô, from *aukaną (“to increase, add, enlarge”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewg- (“to enlarge, increase”). The English noun is cognate with Old Frisian āka (“addition, increase; bonus”), Old Norse auki (“growth, increase, proliferation”).\nThe verb is derived partly:\n* from the noun; and\n* from Middle English eken (“to increase, add, enlarge”) [and other forms], from three distinct verbs (1) Old English īeċan (“to increase, add, enlarge”) (transitive), (2) ēacan (“to be enlarged or increased”), and (3) ēacian, all from Proto-Germanic *aukaną (“to grow, increase”); see further above.\nThe English verb is cognate with Latin augeō (“to augment, increase; to enlarge, expand, spread; to lengthen; to exaggerate; to enrich; to honour; (figuratively) to exalt, praise”), Old English ēac (“also”), Old Norse auka (“to augment, increase; to add; to exceed, surpass”), Icelandic auka (“to augment, increase to add; to exceed, surpass”), (Danish øge (“to enhance; to increase”), Norwegian Bokmål øke (“to increase”), Norwegian Nynorsk auka (“to increase”), Swedish öka (“to increase”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ekes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "eke (plural ekes)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"British English",
"English dialectal terms",
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1786, Alexander Geddes, Prospectus of a New Translation of the Holy Bible from Corrected Texts of the Originals, Compared with the Ancient Versions. […], Glasgow: Printed for the author, and sold by R[obert] Faulder, […]; C. Eliot, […]; and —— Cross, […], →OCLC, page 95",
"text": "[T]hey [the Catholics and Puritans] encumbered their verſion [of the Bible] with a load of uſeleſs Italics; often without the leaſt neceſſity, and almoſt always to the detriment of the text. In fact, either the words in Italics are virtually implied in the Hebrew, or they are not. In the former caſe they are a real part of the text, and ſhould be printed in the ſame character: in the latter, they are generally ill aſſorted and clumſy ekes, that may well be ſpared; and which often disfigure the narration under pretence of connecting it.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An addition."
],
"links": [
[
"addition",
"addition"
]
],
"qualifier": "obsolete except British",
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete except British, dialectal) An addition."
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Beekeeping"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1850, Henry Taylor, “Swarming (or Single Hiving) and Depriving Systems”, in The Bee-keepers Manual, or Practical Hints on the Management and Complete Preservation of the Honey-bee; […], 6th edition, London: Groombridge and Sons, […], →OCLC, pages 24–25",
"text": "Various have been the contrivances for effecting the separation of storage and breeding departments in a hive. […] An empty box or hive, pushed beneath a full one, is denominated a Nadir,—a mode of practice not always advisable except in the case of swarms of the same year, or towards the latter end of very abundant seasons. A still smaller addition to a common hive consists of merely a few bands of straw, on which it is raised temporarily, and this constitutes an eke. […] The entrance to the stock-hive must be stopped, and one made at the bottom of the eke or nadir.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A small stand on which a beehive is placed."
],
"links": [
[
"beekeeping",
"beekeeping"
],
[
"small",
"small"
],
[
"stand",
"stand#Noun"
],
[
"beehive",
"beehive"
],
[
"placed",
"place#Verb"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(beekeeping, archaic) A small stand on which a beehive is placed."
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"beekeeping",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Requests for date",
"en:Beekeeping"
],
"glosses": [
"A spacer put between or over or under hive parts to make more space."
],
"links": [
[
"beekeeping",
"beekeeping"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(beekeeping) A spacer put between or over or under hive parts to make more space."
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"beekeeping",
"business",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/iːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ik/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːk"
},
{
"homophone": "eek"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-eke.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-eke.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-eke.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-eke.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-eke.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"enpr": "ēk",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"word": "eke"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adverbs",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English palindromes",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ewg-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncomparable adverbs",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/iːk",
"Rhymes:English/iːk/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "eke out"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂ewg-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "eke",
"t": "addition, increase, enlargement"
},
"expansion": "Middle English eke (“addition, increase, enlargement”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēaca"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēaca",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aukô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aukô",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*aukaną",
"t": "to increase, add, enlarge"
},
"expansion": "*aukaną (“to increase, add, enlarge”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂ewg-",
"t": "to enlarge, increase"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewg- (“to enlarge, increase”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "āka",
"t": "addition, increase; bonus"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian āka (“addition, increase; bonus”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "auki",
"t": "growth, increase, proliferation"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse auki (“growth, increase, proliferation”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "verb"
},
"expansion": "verb",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1"
},
"expansion": "¹",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "eken",
"t": "to increase, add, enlarge"
},
"expansion": "Middle English eken (“to increase, add, enlarge”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "æcon, ayke, eche, echen, eek, eeke, eik (Scottish), ek, eke, uchen, yche, ȝeke, ȝeken",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "īeċan",
"4": "",
"5": "to increase, add, enlarge"
},
"expansion": "Old English īeċan (“to increase, add, enlarge”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ēacan",
"t": "to be enlarged or increased"
},
"expansion": "ēacan (“to be enlarged or increased”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ēacian"
},
"expansion": "ēacian",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aukaną",
"t": "to grow, increase"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aukaną (“to grow, increase”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "augeō",
"t": "to augment, increase; to enlarge, expand, spread; to lengthen; to exaggerate; to enrich; to honour; (figuratively) to exalt, praise"
},
"expansion": "Latin augeō (“to augment, increase; to enlarge, expand, spread; to lengthen; to exaggerate; to enrich; to honour; (figuratively) to exalt, praise”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ēac",
"t": "also"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēac (“also”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "auka",
"t": "to augment, increase; to add; to exceed, surpass"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse auka (“to augment, increase; to add; to exceed, surpass”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "auka",
"t": "to augment, increase to add; to exceed, surpass"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic auka (“to augment, increase to add; to exceed, surpass”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "øge",
"t": "to enhance; to increase"
},
"expansion": "Danish øge (“to enhance; to increase”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "øke",
"t": "to increase"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål øke (“to increase”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "auka",
"t": "to increase"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk auka (“to increase”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "öka",
"t": "to increase"
},
"expansion": "Swedish öka (“to increase”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The noun is derived from Middle English eke (“addition, increase, enlargement”), from Old English ēaca, from Proto-Germanic *aukô, from *aukaną (“to increase, add, enlarge”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewg- (“to enlarge, increase”). The English noun is cognate with Old Frisian āka (“addition, increase; bonus”), Old Norse auki (“growth, increase, proliferation”).\nThe verb is derived partly:\n* from the noun; and\n* from Middle English eken (“to increase, add, enlarge”) [and other forms], from three distinct verbs (1) Old English īeċan (“to increase, add, enlarge”) (transitive), (2) ēacan (“to be enlarged or increased”), and (3) ēacian, all from Proto-Germanic *aukaną (“to grow, increase”); see further above.\nThe English verb is cognate with Latin augeō (“to augment, increase; to enlarge, expand, spread; to lengthen; to exaggerate; to enrich; to honour; (figuratively) to exalt, praise”), Old English ēac (“also”), Old Norse auka (“to augment, increase; to add; to exceed, surpass”), Icelandic auka (“to augment, increase to add; to exceed, surpass”), (Danish øge (“to enhance; to increase”), Norwegian Bokmål øke (“to increase”), Norwegian Nynorsk auka (“to increase”), Swedish öka (“to increase”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ekes",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "eking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ekeing",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "eked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "eked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "en-conj",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "eke",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"pres_ptc2": "ekeing"
},
"expansion": "eke (third-person singular simple present ekes, present participle eking or ekeing, simple past and past participle eked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"old": "1",
"stem": "ek"
},
"name": "en-conj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1694 October 8, “A Letter from a Lancashire Friend about Breeding Cattle. […]”, in Richard Bradley, editor, compiled by John Houghton, Husbandry and Trade Improv’d: Being a Collection of Many Valuable Materials Relating to Corn, Cattle, Coals, Hops, Wool, &c. […] In Three Volumes, volume I, number CXIII, London: Prin[t]ed for Woo[d]man and Lyon […], published 1727, →OCLC, page 303",
"text": "Now the reaſons why they teach the calves to drink ſo ſoon are various. […] Secondly, the goodwife ſaves milk by this way of drinking, for ſhe quickly ekes out the milk with pottage, &c.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1751, Aaron Hill, “Free Thoughts upon Faith: Or, The Religion of Reason”, in The Poetical Works of Aaron Hill, Esq. […], Edinburgh: Printed by Mundell and Son, […], published 1794, →OCLC; republished in Robert Anderson, editor, The Works of the British Poets. […], volume VIII, London: Printed for John & Arthur Arch; and for Bell & Bradfute, and J. Mundell & Co. […], 1795, →OCLC, page 729, column 2",
"text": "Pity the hag-ridd'n quiv'rer who contracts / To ſuperſtition's gloom religion's joy, / And humbles adoration into dread. / Who ekeing his inch'd meaſure from within, / Peeps through his narrow ſoul's dim loop-hole wink, / And inſolently by his own ſcale takes / The altitude of heaven.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1768, J[ohn] Ray, A Complete Collection of English Proverbs; also, the Most Celebrated Proverbs of the Scotch, Italian, French, Spanish, and Other Languages. […] Reproduced Verbatim from the Edition of 1768., London: Printed for T. and J. Allman, […]; T. Boone, […]; and Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy, […], published 1817, →OCLC, page 71",
"text": "All ekes [or helps] as the geni-wren said, when she piss'd in the sea. / Many littles make a mickle, the whole ocean is made up of drops.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1805 July, “Art. XIV. History of Great Britain. By William Belsham. Vol. XI. and XII. London, 1805. 8vo. [book review]”, in The Edinburgh Review, or Critical Journal, volume VI, number XII, Edinburgh: Printed by D. Willison, […], for Archibald Constable & Co. […], and Longman Hurst Rees and Orme, […], →OCLC, page 428",
"text": "[T]he author [William Belsham] ekes out his volume with a great many extraneous details, which relate to a ſubſequent period; […] The whole work is ſingularly confuſed and deſultory: and, indeed, the plan which the author adopts, is altogether incompatible with that unity and coherence which is eſſential to hiſtory.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1811 June, “For the Anthology. Remarks on English Translations of the Roman Poets. No. 15. Juvenal.”, in The Monthly Anthology, and Boston Review. […], volume X, Boston, Mass.: Printed and published by T[homas] B. Wait and Co. […], →OCLC, page 384",
"text": "It must be acknowledged, that Mr. [William] Gifford's versification is sometimes unharmonious, and even harsh; that, like almost every other translator, he too often has recourse to eking words in order to complete his measure, and that his rhymes are frequently imperfect and faulty.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1865, “Leech Book”, in Oswald Cockayne, editor, Leechdoms, Wortcunning, and Starcraft of Early England. Being a Collection of Documents, for the Most Part Never Before Printed, Illustrating the History of Science in this Country Before the Norman Conquest. […] (Rerum Britannicarum Medii Ævi Scriptores, or Chronicles and Memorials of Great Britain and Ireland during the Middle Ages; 35), London: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts, and Green, →OCLC, book II, chapter xxxix, page 249",
"text": "If however the distention from the wind cometh suddenly, then these things cannot help, since that will turn into dropsy. If one applieth the warming leechdoms to that, then one eketh or augmenteth the disease.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2011, Kamin Mohammadi, “Displaced”, in The Cypress Tree: A Love Letter to Iran, London: Bloomsbury Publishing; paperback edition, London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2012, page 197",
"text": "But before too long, the rations that Parivash was ekeing out to feed them fell short and the tension that sprang from so many families piled in together overflowed.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Stewart M. Green, “Introduction”, in Amy Lyons, editor, New England (Scenic Routes & Byways), Guilford, Conn.: Morris Book Publishing, page 1",
"text": "It [New England] is also a place of history, a place that defines what it means to be American. Here grew the men and women who founded this country. […] sailors, whalers, and lobstermen eking a hard-won living from the ocean.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012 July 12, Ben Perry, “Branson’s spaceship steals the spotlight at airshow”, in Yahoo! News, archived from the original on 2020-04-26",
"text": "British tycoon Richard Branson stole the show here Wednesday, announcing that he and his family would be on Virgin Galactic's first trip into space, as Airbus and Boeing eked out more plane orders.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2013, Thomas Keneally, chapter 2, in Shame and the Captives (A Knopf Book), North Sydney, N.S.W.: Random House Australia; 1st trade paperback edition, New York, N.Y.: Washington Square Press, Simon & Schuster, December 2015, page 24",
"text": "Very nearly as a cure for the man's innocence Tengan fired his cannons on him, and as the pilot, doomed and honorable, eked his plane a few metres into the air, both he and it were consumed by a frightful orb of fire.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Chiefly in the form eke out: to add to, to augment; to increase; to lengthen."
],
"links": [
[
"eke out",
"eke out#English"
],
[
"add",
"add"
],
[
"augment",
"augment"
],
[
"increase",
"increase#Verb"
],
[
"lengthen",
"lengthen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) Chiefly in the form eke out: to add to, to augment; to increase; to lengthen."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/iːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ik/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːk"
},
{
"homophone": "eek"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-eke.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-eke.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-eke.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-eke.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-eke.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"enpr": "ēk",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "dopǎlvam",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "допълвам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "pribavjam",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "прибавям"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "udǎlžavam",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "удължавам"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "zēngjiā",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "增加"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "補充"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bǔchōng",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "补充"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "lisätä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "venyttää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "pitkittää"
},
{
"alt": "おぎなう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "oginau",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "補う"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dobavljátʹ",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "добавля́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "udlinjatʹ",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "удлинять"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uvelíčivatʹ",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "увели́чивать"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "auger"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to add to, augment; to increase; to lengthen",
"word": "incrementar"
}
],
"word": "eke"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English adverbs",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English palindromes",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with homophones",
"English uncomparable adverbs",
"Rhymes:English/iːk",
"Rhymes:English/iːk/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "ek"
},
"expansion": "Middle English ek",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "eek"
},
"expansion": "eek",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "eke",
"t": "also"
},
"expansion": "eke (“also”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "æac, eac, ec, eeke, heke, iec, ok, yke, ʒeke",
"otherforms": "1"
},
"expansion": "[and other forms]",
"name": "nb..."
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "ēac"
},
"expansion": "Old English ēac",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ǣc"
},
"expansion": "ǣc",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "ēc",
"t": "also"
},
"expansion": "ēc (“also”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*auk"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *auk",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*auk",
"t": "also, too; furthermore, in addition"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *auk (“also, too; furthermore, in addition”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2"
},
"expansion": "²",
"name": "sup"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂ewg-",
"t": "to enlarge, increase"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewg- (“to enlarge, increase”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂ew",
"t": "away from, off; again"
},
"expansion": "*h₂ew (“away from, off; again”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*gʰe",
"3": "*g(ʰ)e",
"pos": "postpositional intensifying particle meaning ‘at any rate, indeed, in fact’"
},
"expansion": "*g(ʰ)e (postpositional intensifying particle meaning ‘at any rate, indeed, in fact’)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌰𐌿𐌺",
"t": "also; for, because; but also"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌺 (auk, “also; for, because; but also”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "âk"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian âk",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "ouh",
"t": "also, as well, too"
},
"expansion": "Old High German ouh (“also, as well, too”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "ouch"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German ouch",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "auch",
"t": "also, as well, too"
},
"expansion": "German auch (“also, as well, too”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "auk",
"t": "also; and"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse auk (“also; and”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "og",
"t": "and"
},
"expansion": "Danish og (“and”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "och",
"t": "and"
},
"expansion": "Swedish och (“and”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ock",
"t": "(dated) also, as well as, too"
},
"expansion": "ock (“(dated) also, as well as, too”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "ôk"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon ôk",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "ook",
"t": "also, too; moreover; either"
},
"expansion": "Dutch ook (“also, too; moreover; either”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "ook"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian ook",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "uk",
"t": "also, too"
},
"expansion": "uk (“also, too”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "ek",
"t": "also, too"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian ek (“also, too”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English ek, eek, eke (“also”) [and other forms], from Old English ēac, ǣc, ēc (“also”), from Proto-West Germanic *auk, from Proto-Germanic *auk (“also, too; furthermore, in addition”), then either:\n* from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewg- (“to enlarge, increase”); or\n* from Pre-Germanic *h₂ew (“away from, off; again”) + *g(ʰ)e (postpositional intensifying particle meaning ‘at any rate, indeed, in fact’)\nThe English word is cognate with Gothic 𐌰𐌿𐌺 (auk, “also; for, because; but also”), Old Frisian âk, Old High German ouh (“also, as well, too”) (Middle High German ouch, modern German auch (“also, as well, too”)), Old Norse auk (“also; and”) (Danish og (“and”), Swedish och (“and”), ock (“(dated) also, as well as, too”)), Old Saxon ôk, Dutch ook (“also, too; moreover; either”), Saterland Frisian ook, uk (“also, too”), West Frisian ek (“also, too”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-"
},
"expansion": "eke (not comparable)",
"name": "en-adv"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with archaic senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "a. 1548, Henry Haward, late Earle of Surrey [i.e., Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey], “Description of Spring, wherin Eche Thing Renewes, Saue Onely the Louer”, in Songes and Sonettes, […], [London]: Apud Richardum Tottel [i.e., Richard Tottel], published 1557, →OCLC",
"text": "The ſoote [i.e., sweet] ſeaſon, that bud and blome forth brings, / With grene hath clad the hill, and eke the vale: […]",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Also; in addition to."
],
"links": [
[
"Also",
"also"
],
[
"addition",
"addition"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic) Also; in addition to."
],
"senseid": [
"en:also"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"not-comparable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/iːk/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ik/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-iːk"
},
{
"homophone": "eek"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-eke.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-eke.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-eke.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-eke.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-eke.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"enpr": "ēk",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"word": "eke"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (4d5d0bb and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.