See dray in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for dray meaning in English (7.6kB)
{
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "dumpcart"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "galamander"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "stoneboat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tumbril"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "drayage"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "drayload"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "drayman"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "drayperson"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "draye"
},
"expansion": "Middle English draye",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "dreye"
},
"expansion": "dreye",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dræġe",
"t": "dragnet"
},
"expansion": "Old English dræġe (“dragnet”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dragǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dragǭ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "drāge",
"t": "stretcher; dray"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German drāge (“stretcher; dray”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "trage",
"t": "a litter"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German trage (“a litter”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "dragan",
"t": "to pull; draw"
},
"expansion": "Old English dragan (“to pull; draw”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "draw"
},
"expansion": "draw",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English draye, dreye, from Old English dræġe (“dragnet”), from Proto-Germanic *dragǭ. Cognate with Middle Low German drāge (“stretcher; dray”), Middle High German trage (“a litter”). Related to Old English dragan (“to pull; draw”). More at draw.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "drays",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dray (plural drays)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "flatbed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "stakebody"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "52 23 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 15 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1900, Charles W. Chesnutt, chapter I, in The House Behind the Cedars",
"text": "Standing foursquare in the heart of the town, at the intersection of the two main streets, a “jog” at each street corner left around the market-house a little public square, which at this hour was well occupied by carts and wagons from the country and empty drays awaiting hire",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "September 28 1710, Joseph Addison, Whig-Examiner",
"text": "Let him be brought into the field of election upon his dray-cart.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various forms of low horse-drawn cart or wagon, often without sides or with removable sides, and used especially for heavy loads."
],
"id": "en-dray-en-noun-YLcgQVFo",
"links": [
[
"cart",
"cart"
],
[
"wagon",
"wagon"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "arba",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"word": "арба"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "karuca",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "каруца"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"word": "運貨馬車"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yùnhuò mǎchē",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"word": "运货马车"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "valník"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"word": "rattaat"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carreta"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "drae"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carro"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carretta"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"word": "terei"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carroça"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "teléga",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "теле́га"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "voz",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "воз"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carreta"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carretón"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "drög"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "car"
},
{
"_dis1": "95 5",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cart"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 57 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Vehicles",
"orig": "en:Vehicles",
"parents": [
"Machines",
"Transport",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A kind of sledge or sled."
],
"id": "en-dray-en-noun-hdW8tBjk",
"links": [
[
"sledge",
"sledge"
],
[
"sled",
"sled"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɹeɪ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-dray.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dray.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dray.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dray.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dray.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"enpr": "drā"
}
],
"word": "dray"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "drays",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dray (plural drays)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "squirrel's nest",
"word": "drey"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 5 78",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Animal dwellings",
"orig": "en:Animal dwellings",
"parents": [
"Buildings and structures",
"Zoology",
"Architecture",
"Biology",
"Applied sciences",
"Art",
"Sciences",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of drey (“squirrel's nest”)"
],
"id": "en-dray-en-noun-tVR0CHBd",
"links": [
[
"drey",
"drey#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɹeɪ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-dray.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dray.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dray.wav.mp3",
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"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"enpr": "drā"
}
],
"word": "dray"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"Rhymes:English/eɪ",
"Rhymes:English/eɪ/1 syllable",
"en:Animal dwellings",
"en:Vehicles"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "dumpcart"
},
{
"word": "galamander"
},
{
"word": "stoneboat"
},
{
"word": "tumbril"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "drayage"
},
{
"word": "drayload"
},
{
"word": "drayman"
},
{
"word": "drayperson"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "draye"
},
"expansion": "Middle English draye",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "dreye"
},
"expansion": "dreye",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "dræġe",
"t": "dragnet"
},
"expansion": "Old English dræġe (“dragnet”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*dragǭ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *dragǭ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "drāge",
"t": "stretcher; dray"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German drāge (“stretcher; dray”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "trage",
"t": "a litter"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German trage (“a litter”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "dragan",
"t": "to pull; draw"
},
"expansion": "Old English dragan (“to pull; draw”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "draw"
},
"expansion": "draw",
"name": "l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle English draye, dreye, from Old English dræġe (“dragnet”), from Proto-Germanic *dragǭ. Cognate with Middle Low German drāge (“stretcher; dray”), Middle High German trage (“a litter”). Related to Old English dragan (“to pull; draw”). More at draw.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "drays",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dray (plural drays)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "flatbed"
},
{
"word": "stakebody"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1900, Charles W. Chesnutt, chapter I, in The House Behind the Cedars",
"text": "Standing foursquare in the heart of the town, at the intersection of the two main streets, a “jog” at each street corner left around the market-house a little public square, which at this hour was well occupied by carts and wagons from the country and empty drays awaiting hire",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "September 28 1710, Joseph Addison, Whig-Examiner",
"text": "Let him be brought into the field of election upon his dray-cart.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of various forms of low horse-drawn cart or wagon, often without sides or with removable sides, and used especially for heavy loads."
],
"links": [
[
"cart",
"cart"
],
[
"wagon",
"wagon"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A kind of sledge or sled."
],
"links": [
[
"sledge",
"sledge"
],
[
"sled",
"sled"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɹeɪ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-dray.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dray.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dray.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dray.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dray.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"enpr": "drā"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ba",
"lang": "Bashkir",
"roman": "arba",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"word": "арба"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "karuca",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "каруца"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"word": "運貨馬車"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yùnhuò mǎchē",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"word": "运货马车"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "valník"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"word": "rattaat"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carreta"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "drae"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carro"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carretta"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"word": "terei"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carroça"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "teléga",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "теле́га"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "voz",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "воз"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "carreta"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "carretón"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "drög"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "car"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "horse-drawn cart",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cart"
}
],
"word": "dray"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 1-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"Rhymes:English/eɪ",
"Rhymes:English/eɪ/1 syllable",
"en:Animal dwellings",
"en:Vehicles"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "drays",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "dray (plural drays)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "squirrel's nest",
"word": "drey"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative spelling of drey (“squirrel's nest”)"
],
"links": [
[
"drey",
"drey#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/dɹeɪ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪ"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-dray.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dray.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dray.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d9/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dray.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-dray.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
},
{
"enpr": "drā"
}
],
"word": "dray"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.