"cybernetics" meaning in English

See cybernetics in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˌsaɪ.bə(ɹ)ˈnɛ.tɪks/ [UK] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cybernetics.wav [Southern-England]
Etymology: From Ancient Greek κυβερνήτης (kubernḗtēs, “steersman”), from κυβερνάω (kubernáō, “I steer, drive, guide, act as a pilot”) (whence English govern). The term is attested since at least 1948 in the book Cybernetics by Norbert Wiener, influenced by the cognate term and doublet governor, the name of an early control device proposed by James Clerk Maxwell in 1868. Note also the 1830s French cybernétique (“the art of governing”). Also doublet of Kubernetes. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|grc|κυβερνήτης||steersman}} Ancient Greek κυβερνήτης (kubernḗtēs, “steersman”), {{m|grc|κυβερνάω||I steer, drive, guide, act as a pilot}} κυβερνάω (kubernáō, “I steer, drive, guide, act as a pilot”), {{m+|en|govern}} English govern, {{m|en|governor}} governor, {{m|grc|κυβερνήτης|tr=-}} κυβερνήτης, {{m|en|governor}} governor, {{m|grc|κυβερνήτης|tr=-}} κυβερνήτης, {{cog|fr|cybernétique||the art of governing}} French cybernétique (“the art of governing”), {{doublet|en|Kubernetes|nocap=1}} doublet of Kubernetes Head templates: {{en-noun|-}} cybernetics (uncountable)
  1. The theory/science of communication and control in living organisms or machines. Tags: uncountable Translations (science of communication and control): kibernetikë [feminine] (Albanian), سَبْرَانِيَّة (sabrāniyya) [feminine] (Arabic), կիբեռնետիկա (kibeṙnetika) (Armenian), kibernetika (Azerbaijani), кибернетика (kibernetika) (Bashkir), кіберне́тыка (kibjernjétyka) [feminine] (Belarusian), кібэрнэ́тыка (kibernétyka) [feminine] (Belarusian), киберне́тика (kibernétika) [feminine] (Bulgarian), cibernètica [feminine] (Catalan), 控制論 (Chinese Mandarin), 控制论 (kòngzhìlùn) (Chinese Mandarin), 模控學 (Chinese Mandarin), 模控学 (mókòngxué) (Chinese Mandarin), kybernetika [feminine] (Czech), kybernetik [common-gender] (Danish), cybernetica [feminine] (Dutch), cybernetika [feminine] (Dutch), stuurkunde [feminine] (Dutch), kibernetiko (Esperanto), cibernetiko (Esperanto), küberneetika (Estonian), kybernetiikka (Finnish), cybernétique [feminine] (French), კიბერნეტიკა (ḳiberneṭiḳa) (Georgian), Kybernetik [feminine] (German), κυβερνητική (kyvernitikí) [feminine] (Greek), קִיבֶּרְנֶטִיקָה (kibernétika) [feminine] (Hebrew), संतांत्रिकी (santāntrikī) (Hindi), साइबरनेटिक्स (sāibarneṭiks) (Hindi), kibernetika (Hungarian), stýrifræði [feminine, plural] (Icelandic), cibernetiko (Ido), sibernetika (Indonesian), cibernetica [feminine] (Italian), サイバネティックス (saibanetikkusu) (Japanese), 人工頭脳 (jinkō zunō) (alt: じんこうずのう) (Japanese), кибернетика (kibernetika) (Kazakh), 인공두뇌학 (in'gongdunoehak) (alt: 人工頭腦學) (Korean), кибернетика (kibernetika) (Kyrgyz), cybernetica [feminine] (Latin), kibernētika [feminine] (Latvian), kibernetika [feminine] (Lithuanian), кибернетика (kibernetika) [feminine] (Macedonian), sibernetik (Malay), кибернетик (kibernetik) [Cyrillic] (Mongolian), залуур зүй (zaluur züj) [Cyrillic] (Mongolian), sîbernetîk (Northern Kurdish), kybernetikk [masculine] (Norwegian Bokmål), سیبرنتیک (sâybernetik) (Persian), cybernetyka [feminine] (Polish), cibernética [feminine] (Portuguese), cibernetică [feminine] (Romanian), киберне́тика (kibernɛ́tika) [feminine] (Russian), кибернѐтика [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), kibernètika [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), kybernetika [feminine] (Slovak), kibernetika [feminine] (Slovene), cibernética [feminine] (Spanish), cybernetik [common-gender] (Swedish), kybernetik [common-gender] (Swedish), reglerteknik [common-gender] (Swedish), кибернетика (kibernetika) (Tajik), ไซเบอร์เนติกส์ (sai-bə̂ə-nee-dtìks) (Thai), kibernetika (Turkmen), кіберне́тика (kibernétyka) [feminine] (Ukrainian), سائبرنیٹکس (sāibarneṭiks) (Urdu), kibernetika (Uzbek), điều khiển học (alt: 調遣學) (Vietnamese)
    Sense id: en-cybernetics-en-noun-iDkaTh85 Disambiguation of 'science of communication and control': 69 29 2
  2. The art/study of governing, controlling automatic processes and communication. Tags: uncountable Translations (the art/study of controling): kibernetika (Azerbaijani), 控制論 (Chinese Mandarin), 控制论 (kòngzhìlùn) (Chinese Mandarin), stuurkunde (Dutch), kibernetiko (Esperanto), cibernetiko (Esperanto), automaatiotutkimus (Finnish), cybernétique [feminine] (French), კიბერნეტიკა (ḳiberneṭiḳa) (Georgian), cibernetiko (Ido), cibernetica [feminine] (Italian), cibernética [feminine] (Portuguese), киберне́тика (kibernɛ́tika) [feminine] (Russian), cibernética [feminine] (Spanish), reglerteknik [common-gender] (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-cybernetics-en-noun-EQpbjT~~ Disambiguation of 'the art/study of controling': 15 68 17
  3. Technology related to computers and Internet. Tags: uncountable Categories (topical): Cybernetics, Systems theory Translations (technology related to computers): kibernetika (Azerbaijani), 電腦技術 (Chinese Mandarin), 电脑技术 (diànnǎo jìshù) (Chinese Mandarin), cybertechnologie (Dutch), kibernetiko (Esperanto), cibernetiko (Esperanto), tietotekniikka (Finnish), informatique [feminine] (French), კიბერნეტიკა (ḳiberneṭiḳa) (Georgian), cibernetiko (Ido), cibernética [feminine] (Portuguese), киберне́тика (kibernɛ́tika) [feminine] (Russian), cibernética [feminine] (Spanish), datateknik [common-gender] (Swedish), datavetenskap [common-gender] (Swedish), kybernetik [common-gender] (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-cybernetics-en-noun-EoM6eSXI Disambiguation of Cybernetics: 20 16 65 Disambiguation of Systems theory: 27 18 55 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English entries with language name categories using raw markup, English entries with topic categories using raw markup, English pluralia tantum Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 33 24 43 Disambiguation of English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 21 33 46 Disambiguation of English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 18 18 64 Disambiguation of English pluralia tantum: 27 21 52 Disambiguation of 'technology related to computers': 3 5 93
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: anthropocybernetics, biocybernetics, economic cybernetics, educational cybernetics, management cybernetics, medical cybernetics, neuro-cybernetics, neuro cybernetics, quantum cybernetics, second order cybernetics, technical cybernetics Related terms: cyber, cyber-, cybercafe, cybernetic, cybernetically, cybernetician, cyberneticist, cyberpunk, cyberspace, cyborg, governor, Kubernetes, connectionism, decision theory, information theory, systems science

Download JSON data for cybernetics meaning in English (20.4kB)

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  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "anthropocybernetics"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "biocybernetics"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "economic cybernetics"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "educational cybernetics"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "management cybernetics"
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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "medical cybernetics"
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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "neuro-cybernetics"
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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "neuro cybernetics"
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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "quantum cybernetics"
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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "second order cybernetics"
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      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "technical cybernetics"
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  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "κυβερνήτης",
        "4": "",
        "5": "steersman"
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      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κυβερνήτης (kubernḗtēs, “steersman”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κυβερνάω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "I steer, drive, guide, act as a pilot"
      },
      "expansion": "κυβερνάω (kubernáō, “I steer, drive, guide, act as a pilot”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "govern"
      },
      "expansion": "English govern",
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      "args": {
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        "2": "governor"
      },
      "expansion": "governor",
      "name": "m"
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κυβερνήτης",
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      },
      "expansion": "κυβερνήτης",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "governor"
      },
      "expansion": "governor",
      "name": "m"
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κυβερνήτης",
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      },
      "expansion": "κυβερνήτης",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "cybernétique",
        "3": "",
        "4": "the art of governing"
      },
      "expansion": "French cybernétique (“the art of governing”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "Kubernetes",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "doublet of Kubernetes",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek κυβερνήτης (kubernḗtēs, “steersman”), from κυβερνάω (kubernáō, “I steer, drive, guide, act as a pilot”) (whence English govern). The term is attested since at least 1948 in the book Cybernetics by Norbert Wiener, influenced by the cognate term and doublet governor, the name of an early control device proposed by James Clerk Maxwell in 1868. Note also the 1830s French cybernétique (“the art of governing”). Also doublet of Kubernetes.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "cybernetics (uncountable)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "cyber"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "cyber-"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "cybercafe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "cybernetic"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "cybernetically"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "cybernetician"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "cyberneticist"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "cyberpunk"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "cyberspace"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "cyborg"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "governor"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "Kubernetes"
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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "connectionism"
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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "decision theory"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "information theory"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "systems science"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The theory/science of communication and control in living organisms or machines."
      ],
      "id": "en-cybernetics-en-noun-iDkaTh85",
      "links": [
        [
          "communication",
          "communication"
        ],
        [
          "control",
          "control"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "kibernetikë"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "sabrāniyya",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "سَبْرَانِيَّة"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "kibeṙnetika",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "կիբեռնետիկա"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "kibernetika"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "ba",
          "lang": "Bashkir",
          "roman": "kibernetika",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "кибернетика"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "kibjernjétyka",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "кіберне́тыка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "kibernétyka",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "кібэрнэ́тыка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "kibernétika",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "киберне́тика"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cibernètica"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "控制論"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "kòngzhìlùn",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "控制论"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "模控學"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "mókòngxué",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "模控学"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "kybernetika"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "kybernetik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cybernetica"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cybernetika"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "stuurkunde"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "kibernetiko"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "cibernetiko"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "küberneetika"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "kybernetiikka"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cybernétique"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "ḳiberneṭiḳa",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "კიბერნეტიკა"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Kybernetik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "kyvernitikí",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "κυβερνητική"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "kibernétika",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "קִיבֶּרְנֶטִיקָה"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "santāntrikī",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "संतांत्रिकी"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "sāibarneṭiks",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "साइबरनेटिक्स"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "kibernetika"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "stýrifræði"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "cibernetiko"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "sibernetika"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cibernetica"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "saibanetikkusu",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "サイバネティックス"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "alt": "じんこうずのう",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "jinkō zunō",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "人工頭脳"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "kk",
          "lang": "Kazakh",
          "roman": "kibernetika",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "кибернетика"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "alt": "人工頭腦學",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "in'gongdunoehak",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "인공두뇌학"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "kmr",
          "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "sîbernetîk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "ky",
          "lang": "Kyrgyz",
          "roman": "kibernetika",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "кибернетика"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cybernetica"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "kibernētika"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "kibernetika"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "kibernetika",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "кибернетика"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "ms",
          "lang": "Malay",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "sibernetik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "mn",
          "lang": "Mongolian",
          "roman": "kibernetik",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic"
          ],
          "word": "кибернетик"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "mn",
          "lang": "Mongolian",
          "roman": "zaluur züj",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic"
          ],
          "word": "залуур зүй"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "kybernetikk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "sâybernetik",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "سیبرنتیک"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cybernetyka"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cibernética"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cibernetică"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "kibernɛ́tika",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "киберне́тика"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "кибернѐтика"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "kibernètika"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "kybernetika"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "kibernetika"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cibernética"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "cybernetik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "kybernetik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "reglerteknik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "tg",
          "lang": "Tajik",
          "roman": "kibernetika",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "кибернетика"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "roman": "sai-bə̂ə-nee-dtìks",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "ไซเบอร์เนติกส์"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "tk",
          "lang": "Turkmen",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "kibernetika"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "kibernétyka",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "кіберне́тика"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "ur",
          "lang": "Urdu",
          "roman": "sāibarneṭiks",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "سائبرنیٹکس"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "code": "uz",
          "lang": "Uzbek",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "kibernetika"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "69 29 2",
          "alt": "調遣學",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "science of communication and control",
          "word": "điều khiển học"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The art/study of governing, controlling automatic processes and communication."
      ],
      "id": "en-cybernetics-en-noun-EQpbjT~~",
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "15 68 17",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "the art/study of controling",
          "word": "kibernetika"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 68 17",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "the art/study of controling",
          "word": "控制論"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 68 17",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "kòngzhìlùn",
          "sense": "the art/study of controling",
          "word": "控制论"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 68 17",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "the art/study of controling",
          "word": "stuurkunde"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 68 17",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "the art/study of controling",
          "word": "kibernetiko"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 68 17",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "the art/study of controling",
          "word": "cibernetiko"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 68 17",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "the art/study of controling",
          "word": "automaatiotutkimus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 68 17",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "the art/study of controling",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cybernétique"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 68 17",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "ḳiberneṭiḳa",
          "sense": "the art/study of controling",
          "word": "კიბერნეტიკა"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 68 17",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "the art/study of controling",
          "word": "cibernetiko"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 68 17",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "the art/study of controling",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cibernetica"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 68 17",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "the art/study of controling",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cibernética"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 68 17",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "kibernɛ́tika",
          "sense": "the art/study of controling",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "киберне́тика"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 68 17",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "the art/study of controling",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cibernética"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "15 68 17",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "the art/study of controling",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "reglerteknik"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "33 24 43",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 33 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "18 18 64",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 21 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English pluralia tantum",
          "parents": [
            "Pluralia tantum",
            "Nouns",
            "Lemmas"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 16 65",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Cybernetics",
          "orig": "en:Cybernetics",
          "parents": [
            "Applied mathematics",
            "Systems theory",
            "Mathematics",
            "Sciences",
            "Systems",
            "Formal sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Interdisciplinary fields",
            "Society",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 18 55",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Systems theory",
          "orig": "en:Systems theory",
          "parents": [
            "Sciences",
            "Systems",
            "All topics",
            "Interdisciplinary fields",
            "Society",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Technology related to computers and Internet."
      ],
      "id": "en-cybernetics-en-noun-EoM6eSXI",
      "links": [
        [
          "computer",
          "computer"
        ],
        [
          "Internet",
          "Internet"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 93",
          "code": "az",
          "lang": "Azerbaijani",
          "sense": "technology related to computers",
          "word": "kibernetika"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 93",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "technology related to computers",
          "word": "電腦技術"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 93",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "diànnǎo jìshù",
          "sense": "technology related to computers",
          "word": "电脑技术"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 93",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "technology related to computers",
          "word": "cybertechnologie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 93",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "technology related to computers",
          "word": "kibernetiko"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 93",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "technology related to computers",
          "word": "cibernetiko"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 93",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "technology related to computers",
          "word": "tietotekniikka"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 93",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "technology related to computers",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "informatique"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 93",
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "ḳiberneṭiḳa",
          "sense": "technology related to computers",
          "word": "კიბერნეტიკა"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 93",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "technology related to computers",
          "word": "cibernetiko"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 93",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "technology related to computers",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cibernética"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 93",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "kibernɛ́tika",
          "sense": "technology related to computers",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "киберне́тика"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 93",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "technology related to computers",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "cibernética"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 93",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "technology related to computers",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "datateknik"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 93",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "technology related to computers",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "datavetenskap"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 5 93",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "technology related to computers",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "kybernetik"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌsaɪ.bə(ɹ)ˈnɛ.tɪks/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cybernetics.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cybernetics.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cybernetics.wav.mp3",
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      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Cybernetics: Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine",
    "James Clerk Maxwell",
    "Norbert Wiener",
    "cybernetics"
  ],
  "word": "cybernetics"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 4-syllable words",
    "English doublets",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English pluralia tantum",
    "English terms borrowed from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Requests for gender in Dutch entries",
    "Requests for review of Ido translations",
    "en:Cybernetics",
    "en:Systems theory"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "anthropocybernetics"
    },
    {
      "word": "biocybernetics"
    },
    {
      "word": "economic cybernetics"
    },
    {
      "word": "educational cybernetics"
    },
    {
      "word": "management cybernetics"
    },
    {
      "word": "medical cybernetics"
    },
    {
      "word": "neuro-cybernetics"
    },
    {
      "word": "neuro cybernetics"
    },
    {
      "word": "quantum cybernetics"
    },
    {
      "word": "second order cybernetics"
    },
    {
      "word": "technical cybernetics"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "κυβερνήτης",
        "4": "",
        "5": "steersman"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κυβερνήτης (kubernḗtēs, “steersman”)",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κυβερνάω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "I steer, drive, guide, act as a pilot"
      },
      "expansion": "κυβερνάω (kubernáō, “I steer, drive, guide, act as a pilot”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "govern"
      },
      "expansion": "English govern",
      "name": "m+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "governor"
      },
      "expansion": "governor",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κυβερνήτης",
        "tr": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "κυβερνήτης",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "governor"
      },
      "expansion": "governor",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κυβερνήτης",
        "tr": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "κυβερνήτης",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "cybernétique",
        "3": "",
        "4": "the art of governing"
      },
      "expansion": "French cybernétique (“the art of governing”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "Kubernetes",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "doublet of Kubernetes",
      "name": "doublet"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek κυβερνήτης (kubernḗtēs, “steersman”), from κυβερνάω (kubernáō, “I steer, drive, guide, act as a pilot”) (whence English govern). The term is attested since at least 1948 in the book Cybernetics by Norbert Wiener, influenced by the cognate term and doublet governor, the name of an early control device proposed by James Clerk Maxwell in 1868. Note also the 1830s French cybernétique (“the art of governing”). Also doublet of Kubernetes.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "cybernetics (uncountable)",
      "name": "en-noun"
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  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "cyber"
    },
    {
      "word": "cyber-"
    },
    {
      "word": "cybercafe"
    },
    {
      "word": "cybernetic"
    },
    {
      "word": "cybernetically"
    },
    {
      "word": "cybernetician"
    },
    {
      "word": "cyberneticist"
    },
    {
      "word": "cyberpunk"
    },
    {
      "word": "cyberspace"
    },
    {
      "word": "cyborg"
    },
    {
      "word": "governor"
    },
    {
      "word": "Kubernetes"
    },
    {
      "word": "connectionism"
    },
    {
      "word": "decision theory"
    },
    {
      "word": "information theory"
    },
    {
      "word": "systems science"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The theory/science of communication and control in living organisms or machines."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "communication",
          "communication"
        ],
        [
          "control",
          "control"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The art/study of governing, controlling automatic processes and communication."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Technology related to computers and Internet."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "computer",
          "computer"
        ],
        [
          "Internet",
          "Internet"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
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      "ipa": "/ˌsaɪ.bə(ɹ)ˈnɛ.tɪks/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
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    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-cybernetics.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cybernetics.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cybernetics.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/42/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cybernetics.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-cybernetics.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "kibernetikë"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "sabrāniyya",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "سَبْرَانِيَّة"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "kibeṙnetika",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "կիբեռնետիկա"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "kibernetika"
    },
    {
      "code": "ba",
      "lang": "Bashkir",
      "roman": "kibernetika",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "кибернетика"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "kibjernjétyka",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "кіберне́тыка"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "kibernétyka",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "кібэрнэ́тыка"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "kibernétika",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "киберне́тика"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cibernètica"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "控制論"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "kòngzhìlùn",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "控制论"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "模控學"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "mókòngxué",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "模控学"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "kybernetika"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "kybernetik"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cybernetica"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cybernetika"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "stuurkunde"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "kibernetiko"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "cibernetiko"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "küberneetika"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "kybernetiikka"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cybernétique"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "ḳiberneṭiḳa",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "კიბერნეტიკა"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Kybernetik"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "kyvernitikí",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "κυβερνητική"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "kibernétika",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "קִיבֶּרְנֶטִיקָה"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "santāntrikī",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "संतांत्रिकी"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "sāibarneṭiks",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "साइबरनेटिक्स"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "kibernetika"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ],
      "word": "stýrifræði"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "cibernetiko"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "sibernetika"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cibernetica"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "saibanetikkusu",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "サイバネティックス"
    },
    {
      "alt": "じんこうずのう",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "jinkō zunō",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "人工頭脳"
    },
    {
      "code": "kk",
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "roman": "kibernetika",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "кибернетика"
    },
    {
      "alt": "人工頭腦學",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "in'gongdunoehak",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "인공두뇌학"
    },
    {
      "code": "kmr",
      "lang": "Northern Kurdish",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "sîbernetîk"
    },
    {
      "code": "ky",
      "lang": "Kyrgyz",
      "roman": "kibernetika",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "кибернетика"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cybernetica"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "kibernētika"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "kibernetika"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "kibernetika",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "кибернетика"
    },
    {
      "code": "ms",
      "lang": "Malay",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "sibernetik"
    },
    {
      "code": "mn",
      "lang": "Mongolian",
      "roman": "kibernetik",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "word": "кибернетик"
    },
    {
      "code": "mn",
      "lang": "Mongolian",
      "roman": "zaluur züj",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "word": "залуур зүй"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "kybernetikk"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "sâybernetik",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "سیبرنتیک"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cybernetyka"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cibernética"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cibernetică"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "kibernɛ́tika",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "киберне́тика"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "кибернѐтика"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "kibernètika"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "kybernetika"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "kibernetika"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cibernética"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "cybernetik"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "kybernetik"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "reglerteknik"
    },
    {
      "code": "tg",
      "lang": "Tajik",
      "roman": "kibernetika",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "кибернетика"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "roman": "sai-bə̂ə-nee-dtìks",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "ไซเบอร์เนติกส์"
    },
    {
      "code": "tk",
      "lang": "Turkmen",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "kibernetika"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "kibernétyka",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "кіберне́тика"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "sāibarneṭiks",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "سائبرنیٹکس"
    },
    {
      "code": "uz",
      "lang": "Uzbek",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "kibernetika"
    },
    {
      "alt": "調遣學",
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "science of communication and control",
      "word": "điều khiển học"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "the art/study of controling",
      "word": "kibernetika"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "the art/study of controling",
      "word": "控制論"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "kòngzhìlùn",
      "sense": "the art/study of controling",
      "word": "控制论"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "the art/study of controling",
      "word": "stuurkunde"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "the art/study of controling",
      "word": "kibernetiko"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "the art/study of controling",
      "word": "cibernetiko"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "the art/study of controling",
      "word": "automaatiotutkimus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "the art/study of controling",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cybernétique"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "ḳiberneṭiḳa",
      "sense": "the art/study of controling",
      "word": "კიბერნეტიკა"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "the art/study of controling",
      "word": "cibernetiko"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "the art/study of controling",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cibernetica"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "the art/study of controling",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cibernética"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "kibernɛ́tika",
      "sense": "the art/study of controling",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "киберне́тика"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "the art/study of controling",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cibernética"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "the art/study of controling",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "reglerteknik"
    },
    {
      "code": "az",
      "lang": "Azerbaijani",
      "sense": "technology related to computers",
      "word": "kibernetika"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "technology related to computers",
      "word": "電腦技術"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "diànnǎo jìshù",
      "sense": "technology related to computers",
      "word": "电脑技术"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "technology related to computers",
      "word": "cybertechnologie"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "technology related to computers",
      "word": "kibernetiko"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "technology related to computers",
      "word": "cibernetiko"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "technology related to computers",
      "word": "tietotekniikka"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "technology related to computers",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "informatique"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "ḳiberneṭiḳa",
      "sense": "technology related to computers",
      "word": "კიბერნეტიკა"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "technology related to computers",
      "word": "cibernetiko"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "technology related to computers",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cibernética"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "kibernɛ́tika",
      "sense": "technology related to computers",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "киберне́тика"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "technology related to computers",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "cibernética"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "technology related to computers",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "datateknik"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "technology related to computers",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "datavetenskap"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "technology related to computers",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "kybernetik"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Cybernetics: Or Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine",
    "James Clerk Maxwell",
    "Norbert Wiener",
    "cybernetics"
  ],
  "word": "cybernetics"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.