"curmudgeon" meaning in English

See curmudgeon in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /kɜːˈmʌdʒ.ən/ [Received-Pronunciation], /kɚˈmʌd͡ʒən/ [US] Audio: en-us-curmudgeon.ogg Forms: curmudgeons [plural]
Etymology: Numerous folk etymologies exist for this word. An alternative spelling attested in 1600 is cornmudgin, in Holland's translation of Livy, rendering Latin frūmentārius (“corn-merchant”). This has been suggested as the original form of the word, but OED notes that curmudgeon is attested some years before this, concluding that cornmudgin was merely a nonce-word by Holland. The word is attested from the late 1500s in the forms curmudgeon and curmudgen, and during the 17th century in numerous spelling variants, including cormogeon, cormogion, cormoggian, cormudgeon, curmudgion, curmuggion, curmudgin, curr-mudgin, curre-megient. Etymology templates: {{unc|en|Numerous}} Numerous, {{glossary|folk etymology|folk etymologies}} folk etymologies, {{m+|la|frūmentārius||corn-merchant}} Latin frūmentārius (“corn-merchant”) Head templates: {{en-noun}} curmudgeon (plural curmudgeons)
  1. An ill-tempered person full of stubborn ideas or opinions, often an older man. Categories (topical): Stock characters Translations (an ill-tempered stubborn person): темерут (temerut) [masculine] (Bulgarian), bručoun [masculine] (Czech), mrzout [masculine] (Czech), iezegrim [masculine] (Dutch), kankeraar (Dutch), grumblemulo (Esperanto), grumblulo (Esperanto), äkämys (Finnish), kääkkä (Finnish), bourru [masculine] (French), baderne [feminine] (French), ganache [feminine] (French), rombière [feminine] (French), Griesgram [masculine] (German), Miesepeter [masculine] (German), Spielverderber [masculine] (German), burbero [masculine] (Italian), musone [masculine] (Italian), 意地の悪い人 (ijinowarui hito) (Japanese), 꼰대 (kkondae) (Korean), намќор (namḱor) [masculine] (Macedonian), porokaihākere (Maori), gbur [masculine] (Polish), mruk [masculine] (Polish), zrzęda [feminine] (Polish), rabugento [masculine] (Portuguese), casmurro [masculine] (Portuguese), caturra (Portuguese), грубия́н (grubiján) [masculine] (Russian), грубия́нка (grubijánka) [feminine] (Russian), старый ворчин (staryj) (Russian), Archie [masculine] (Scots), намћор [Cyrillic] (Serbo-Croatian), namćor [Roman] (Serbo-Croatian), testarudo [masculine] (Spanish), cascarrabias [feminine, masculine] (Spanish), cingroen [masculine] (Welsh), cerlyn [masculine] (Welsh), gŵr crintach [masculine] (Welsh)
    Sense id: en-curmudgeon-en-noun-80-8uSfs Disambiguation of Stock characters: 97 3 Categories (other): English links with manual fragments, English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Maori translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Scots translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Welsh translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 99 1 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 96 4 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 98 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 98 2 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 83 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 88 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 95 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Esperanto translations: 96 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 82 18 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 97 3 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 95 5 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 96 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 96 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 82 18 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 87 13 Disambiguation of Terms with Maori translations: 82 18 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 83 17 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 88 12 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 96 4 Disambiguation of Terms with Scots translations: 86 14 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 89 11 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 98 2 Disambiguation of Terms with Welsh translations: 96 4 Disambiguation of 'an ill-tempered stubborn person': 94 6
  2. (archaic) A miser. Tags: archaic Categories (topical): People
    Sense id: en-curmudgeon-en-noun-xu2-Xttk Disambiguation of People: 30 70
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: curmudgeonhood, curmudgeonish, curmudgeonism, curmudgeonly, curmudgeonous, curmudgeonry, curmudgeony

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "curmudgeonhood"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "curmudgeonish"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "curmudgeonism"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "curmudgeonly"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "curmudgeonous"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "curmudgeonry"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "curmudgeony"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "Numerous"
      },
      "expansion": "Numerous",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "folk etymology",
        "2": "folk etymologies"
      },
      "expansion": "folk etymologies",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "frūmentārius",
        "3": "",
        "4": "corn-merchant"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin frūmentārius (“corn-merchant”)",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Numerous folk etymologies exist for this word.\nAn alternative spelling attested in 1600 is cornmudgin, in Holland's translation of Livy, rendering Latin frūmentārius (“corn-merchant”). This has been suggested as the original form of the word, but OED notes that curmudgeon is attested some years before this, concluding that cornmudgin was merely a nonce-word by Holland.\nThe word is attested from the late 1500s in the forms curmudgeon and curmudgen, and during the 17th century in numerous spelling variants, including cormogeon, cormogion, cormoggian, cormudgeon, curmudgion, curmuggion, curmudgin, curr-mudgin, curre-megient.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "curmudgeons",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "curmudgeon (plural curmudgeons)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "99 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "96 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Entries with translation boxes",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "98 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "98 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "83 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "88 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Czech translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "95 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "96 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "82 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "97 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with French translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "95 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with German translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "96 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Italian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "96 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "82 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Korean translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "87 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "82 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Maori translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "83 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Polish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "88 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "96 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Russian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "86 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Scots translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "89 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "98 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "96 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "97 3",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Stock characters",
          "orig": "en:Stock characters",
          "parents": [
            "Fictional characters",
            "Fiction",
            "Artistic works",
            "Art",
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Near-synonyms: crank, grump; grumpy pants (often childish)"
        },
        {
          "text": "There's a cranky curmudgeon working at the hospital who gives all the patients and other doctors flak.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "John Doe's old age and stubborn aversion to new ideas make him a curmudgeon of a candidate.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1996, Jeet Heer, Gravitas, Autumn 1996:",
          "text": "After a while, as cultural debates became more polarized, the editorial tone of the New Criterion went from being charmingly curmudgeon to being bitterly shrill.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2006, The New York Times:",
          "text": "How to Be a Curmudgeon on the Internet",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2007, The Times:",
          "text": "How should I respond, without appearing to be a curmudgeon?",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An ill-tempered person full of stubborn ideas or opinions, often an older man."
      ],
      "id": "en-curmudgeon-en-noun-80-8uSfs",
      "links": [
        [
          "ill-tempered",
          "ill-tempered"
        ],
        [
          "stubborn",
          "stubborn"
        ],
        [
          "opinion",
          "opinion"
        ]
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "temerut",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "темерут"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "bručoun"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "mrzout"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "iezegrim"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "word": "kankeraar"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "word": "grumblemulo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "word": "grumblulo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "word": "äkämys"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "word": "kääkkä"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "bourru"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "baderne"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ganache"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "rombière"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Griesgram"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Miesepeter"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Spielverderber"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "burbero"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "musone"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "ijinowarui hito",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "word": "意地の悪い人"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "kkondae",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "word": "꼰대"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "namḱor",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "намќор"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Maori",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "word": "porokaihākere"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gbur"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "mruk"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "zrzęda"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "rabugento"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "casmurro"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "word": "caturra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "grubiján",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "грубия́н"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "grubijánka",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "грубия́нка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "staryj",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "word": "старый ворчин"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "sco",
          "lang": "Scots",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Archie"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic"
          ],
          "word": "намћор"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "namćor"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "testarudo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "cascarrabias"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "cingroen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "cerlyn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "94 6",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "gŵr crintach"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "30 70",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "en:People",
          "parents": [
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A miser."
      ],
      "id": "en-curmudgeon-en-noun-xu2-Xttk",
      "links": [
        [
          "miser",
          "miser"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) A miser."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kɜːˈmʌdʒ.ən/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɚˈmʌd͡ʒən/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-curmudgeon.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/En-us-curmudgeon.ogg/En-us-curmudgeon.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/En-us-curmudgeon.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Philemon Holland"
  ],
  "word": "curmudgeon"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms with unknown etymologies",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
    "Terms with Czech translations",
    "Terms with Dutch translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Maori translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Scots translations",
    "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Welsh translations",
    "en:People",
    "en:Stock characters"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "curmudgeonhood"
    },
    {
      "word": "curmudgeonish"
    },
    {
      "word": "curmudgeonism"
    },
    {
      "word": "curmudgeonly"
    },
    {
      "word": "curmudgeonous"
    },
    {
      "word": "curmudgeonry"
    },
    {
      "word": "curmudgeony"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "Numerous"
      },
      "expansion": "Numerous",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "folk etymology",
        "2": "folk etymologies"
      },
      "expansion": "folk etymologies",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "frūmentārius",
        "3": "",
        "4": "corn-merchant"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin frūmentārius (“corn-merchant”)",
      "name": "m+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Numerous folk etymologies exist for this word.\nAn alternative spelling attested in 1600 is cornmudgin, in Holland's translation of Livy, rendering Latin frūmentārius (“corn-merchant”). This has been suggested as the original form of the word, but OED notes that curmudgeon is attested some years before this, concluding that cornmudgin was merely a nonce-word by Holland.\nThe word is attested from the late 1500s in the forms curmudgeon and curmudgen, and during the 17th century in numerous spelling variants, including cormogeon, cormogion, cormoggian, cormudgeon, curmudgion, curmuggion, curmudgin, curr-mudgin, curre-megient.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "curmudgeons",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "curmudgeon (plural curmudgeons)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English links with manual fragments",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English terms with usage examples",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Near-synonyms: crank, grump; grumpy pants (often childish)"
        },
        {
          "text": "There's a cranky curmudgeon working at the hospital who gives all the patients and other doctors flak.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "John Doe's old age and stubborn aversion to new ideas make him a curmudgeon of a candidate.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1996, Jeet Heer, Gravitas, Autumn 1996:",
          "text": "After a while, as cultural debates became more polarized, the editorial tone of the New Criterion went from being charmingly curmudgeon to being bitterly shrill.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2006, The New York Times:",
          "text": "How to Be a Curmudgeon on the Internet",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2007, The Times:",
          "text": "How should I respond, without appearing to be a curmudgeon?",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An ill-tempered person full of stubborn ideas or opinions, often an older man."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ill-tempered",
          "ill-tempered"
        ],
        [
          "stubborn",
          "stubborn"
        ],
        [
          "opinion",
          "opinion"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with archaic senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A miser."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "miser",
          "miser"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(archaic) A miser."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kɜːˈmʌdʒ.ən/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɚˈmʌd͡ʒən/",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-curmudgeon.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/En-us-curmudgeon.ogg/En-us-curmudgeon.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/En-us-curmudgeon.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "temerut",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "темерут"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "bručoun"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "mrzout"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "iezegrim"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "word": "kankeraar"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "word": "grumblemulo"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "word": "grumblulo"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "word": "äkämys"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "word": "kääkkä"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "bourru"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "baderne"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ganache"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "rombière"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Griesgram"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Miesepeter"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Spielverderber"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "burbero"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "musone"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "ijinowarui hito",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "word": "意地の悪い人"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "kkondae",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "word": "꼰대"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "namḱor",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "намќор"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Maori",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "word": "porokaihākere"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gbur"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "mruk"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "zrzęda"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "rabugento"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "casmurro"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "word": "caturra"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "grubiján",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "грубия́н"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "grubijánka",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "грубия́нка"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "staryj",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "word": "старый ворчин"
    },
    {
      "code": "sco",
      "lang": "Scots",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Archie"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "word": "намћор"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "namćor"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "testarudo"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "cascarrabias"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "cingroen"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "cerlyn"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "an ill-tempered stubborn person",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "gŵr crintach"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Philemon Holland"
  ],
  "word": "curmudgeon"
}

Download raw JSONL data for curmudgeon meaning in English (8.7kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
  "msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": old grumbler vs. vorčin",
  "path": [
    "curmudgeon"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "curmudgeon",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/2013",
  "msg": "more than one value in \"roman\": vorčin vs. staryj",
  "path": [
    "curmudgeon"
  ],
  "section": "English",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "curmudgeon",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.