See copier in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "microcopier"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "telecopier"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"cōpiō",
"copio#Latin:_to_copy"
],
[
"copier",
"copier#Old_French"
],
[
"copien",
"copien#Middle_English:_to_duplicate"
],
[
"copy",
"copy#English:_to_duplicate"
],
[
"*-eh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eh₂"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_athematic"
],
[
"*-yós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yós#Proto-Indo-European:_suffix"
],
[
"*-āsios",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-āsios#Proto-Italic:_adjective"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_adjective"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_agent_noun"
],
[
"*-ārijaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ārijaz#Proto-Germanic:_noun"
],
[
"*-ārī",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-ārī#Proto-West_Germanic:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ere",
"-ere#Old_English:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ere",
"-ere#Middle_English:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_agent_noun"
],
[
"-ier",
"-ier#Old_French:_nouns"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#Middle_English:_agentive"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#English:_agent_noun"
],
[
"copy",
"copy#English:_to_duplicate"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#English:_agent_noun"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "copy<id:to duplicate>",
"4": "-er<id:agent noun>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nLatin cōpiō\nOld French copierbor.\nMiddle English copien\nEnglish copy\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish copier\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to copy\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"cōpiō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"copier\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"copien\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"copy\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-āsijos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-eh₂s(i)yós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-eh₂so-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂\", \"status\" : \"ambiguous\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-so-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-o-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āsios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārijaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agentive\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":nom\", \"3\" : \"-ārius<id:adjective>\", \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"title\" : \"-ārius\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ier\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"copier\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"copier\">\nFrom copy + -er.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "copy<id:to duplicate>",
"4": "-er<id:agent noun>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nLatin cōpiō\nOld French copierbor.\nMiddle English copien\nEnglish copy\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish copier\nFrom copy + -er.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nLatin cōpiō\nOld French copierbor.\nMiddle English copien\nEnglish copy\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish copier\nFrom copy + -er.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "copiers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "copier (plural copiers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "laser copier"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "photocopier"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "xerox machine"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "xerography machine"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "77 11 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "77 11 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "82 7 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "64 8 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 7 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 6 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "74 8 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "77 5 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "80 10 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "88 4 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "63 30 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Armenian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "84 6 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "63 30 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 8 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "84 6 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "84 7 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "84 6 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "62 6 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 22 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "86 5 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ido translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "63 30 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 7 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 28 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "86 6 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "84 7 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Welsh translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A machine that copies graphical material; a duplicator."
],
"id": "en-copier-en-noun-Em-K7x4K",
"links": [
[
"machine",
"machine"
],
[
"copies",
"copies"
],
[
"graphical",
"graphical"
],
[
"material",
"material"
],
[
"duplicator",
"duplicator"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"sense": "machine",
"word": "duplicator"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"sense": "machine",
"word": "copy machine"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"sense": "machine",
"word": "xerox machine"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"sense": "machine",
"word": "xerox"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"sense": "machine",
"word": "xeroxer"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"roman": "patčenahan",
"sense": "machine",
"word": "պատճենահան"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "copiadora"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kopírka"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "machine",
"word": "kopieerapparaat"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "machine",
"word": "kopiokone"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "machine",
"word": "copieur"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kopierer"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Kopiergerät"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "antigraféas",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "αντιγραφέας"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "antigrafikó michánima",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "αντιγραφικό μηχάνημα"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "fototypikó michánima",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "φωτοτυπικό μηχάνημα"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "machine",
"word": "fénymásoló"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"sense": "machine",
"word": "duplikato"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "kopir",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "копир"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kopiarka"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kserokopiarka"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "copiadora"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xerox"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kopiator"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kopieringsmaskin"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kopieringsapparat"
},
{
"_dis1": "85 0 15",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "machine",
"word": "copïwr"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A person who copies documents."
],
"id": "en-copier-en-noun-HZbNV7tn",
"links": [
[
"document",
"document"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "person",
"word": "jäljentäjä"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "person",
"word": "kopisti"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "person",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "copiste"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "antigraféas",
"sense": "person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "αντιγραφέας"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "person",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
],
"word": "kopista"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kopistka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 100 0",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "copiador"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Computing",
"orig": "en:Computing",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
13
],
[
22,
28
]
],
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "a file copier; a disk copier",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A program or process that copies."
],
"id": "en-copier-en-noun-Dqi-3ZQb",
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(computing) A program or process that copies."
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɒpɪə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-copier.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-copier.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-copier.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-copier.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-copier.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɑpiɚ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "writing by hand",
"tags": [
"person"
],
"translation": "writing by hand",
"word": "copyist"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "using a photocopier",
"tags": [
"person"
],
"translation": "using a photocopier",
"word": "xeroxer"
}
],
"word": "copier"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with etymology texts",
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with etymon",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Terms with Armenian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "microcopier"
},
{
"word": "telecopier"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"cōpiō",
"copio#Latin:_to_copy"
],
[
"copier",
"copier#Old_French"
],
[
"copien",
"copien#Middle_English:_to_duplicate"
],
[
"copy",
"copy#English:_to_duplicate"
],
[
"*-eh₂",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-eh₂"
],
[
"*-os",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-os#Proto-Indo-European:_athematic"
],
[
"*-yós",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/-yós#Proto-Indo-European:_suffix"
],
[
"*-āsios",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-āsios#Proto-Italic:_adjective"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_adjective"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_agent_noun"
],
[
"*-ārijaz",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-ārijaz#Proto-Germanic:_noun"
],
[
"*-ārī",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/-ārī#Proto-West_Germanic:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ere",
"-ere#Old_English:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ere",
"-ere#Middle_English:_agent_suffix"
],
[
"-ārius",
"-arius#Latin:_agent_noun"
],
[
"-ier",
"-ier#Old_French:_nouns"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#Middle_English:_agentive"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#English:_agent_noun"
],
[
"copy",
"copy#English:_to_duplicate"
],
[
"-er",
"-er#English:_agent_noun"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "copy<id:to duplicate>",
"4": "-er<id:agent noun>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nLatin cōpiō\nOld French copierbor.\nMiddle English copien\nEnglish copy\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish copier\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"to copy\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"cōpiō\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"uder\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"copier\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"copien\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"copy\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }, { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent suffix\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"nom.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Nominalization of\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"adjective\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-āsijos\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-eh₂s(i)yós\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*-eh₂so-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-eh₂\", \"status\" : \"ambiguous\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-so-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"athematic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-os\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"alt\" : \"*-o-\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"children\" : [ ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"suffix\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-yós\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*-āsios\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"nominalization\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārijaz\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*-ārī\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"ang\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-ere\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" }, { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"agentive\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"nouns\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_duplicate\" : true, \"children\" : [ ], \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"status\" : { \"1\" : \"la\", \"2\" : \":nom\", \"3\" : \"-ārius<id:adjective>\", \"id\" : \"agent noun\", \"title\" : \"-ārius\", \"pos\" : \"suffix\" }, \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"-ārius\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Old French\", \"term\" : \"-ier\", \"lang\" : \"fro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"enm\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"-er\", \"lang\" : \"en\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"copier\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"copier\">\nFrom copy + -er.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":af",
"3": "copy<id:to duplicate>",
"4": "-er<id:agent noun>",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nLatin cōpiō\nOld French copierbor.\nMiddle English copien\nEnglish copy\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish copier\nFrom copy + -er.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nLatin cōpiō\nOld French copierbor.\nMiddle English copien\nEnglish copy\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂\nProto-Indo-European *-os?\nProto-Indo-European *-o-\nProto-Indo-European *-so-\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂so-\nProto-Indo-European *-yós\nProto-Indo-European *-eh₂s(i)yós\nProto-Italic *-āsijos\nProto-Italic *-āsios\nLatin -āriusnom.\nLatin -āriusbor.\nProto-Germanic *-ārijaz\nProto-West Germanic *-ārī\nOld English -ere\nMiddle English -ere\n▲\nLatin -ārius\nOld French -ierbor.\nMiddle English -er\nEnglish -er\nEnglish copier\nFrom copy + -er.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "copiers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "copier (plural copiers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"hyponyms": [
{
"word": "laser copier"
},
{
"word": "photocopier"
},
{
"word": "xerox machine"
},
{
"word": "xerography machine"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A machine that copies graphical material; a duplicator."
],
"links": [
[
"machine",
"machine"
],
[
"copies",
"copies"
],
[
"graphical",
"graphical"
],
[
"material",
"material"
],
[
"duplicator",
"duplicator"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A person who copies documents."
],
"links": [
[
"document",
"document"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with collocations",
"en:Computing"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
13
],
[
22,
28
]
],
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "a file copier; a disk copier",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A program or process that copies."
],
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(computing) A program or process that copies."
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɒpɪə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-copier.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-copier.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-copier.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-copier.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-copier.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkɑpiɚ/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "machine",
"word": "duplicator"
},
{
"sense": "machine",
"word": "copy machine"
},
{
"sense": "machine",
"word": "xerox machine"
},
{
"sense": "machine",
"word": "xerox"
},
{
"sense": "machine",
"word": "xeroxer"
},
{
"english": "writing by hand",
"tags": [
"person"
],
"translation": "writing by hand",
"word": "copyist"
},
{
"english": "using a photocopier",
"tags": [
"person"
],
"translation": "using a photocopier",
"word": "xeroxer"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "hy",
"lang": "Armenian",
"lang_code": "hy",
"roman": "patčenahan",
"sense": "machine",
"word": "պատճենահան"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "copiadora"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kopírka"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense": "machine",
"word": "kopieerapparaat"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "machine",
"word": "kopiokone"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "machine",
"word": "copieur"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Kopierer"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Kopiergerät"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "antigraféas",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "αντιγραφέας"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "antigrafikó michánima",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "αντιγραφικό μηχάνημα"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "fototypikó michánima",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "φωτοτυπικό μηχάνημα"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "machine",
"word": "fénymásoló"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"lang_code": "io",
"sense": "machine",
"word": "duplikato"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"roman": "kopir",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "копир"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kopiarka"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kserokopiarka"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "copiadora"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xerox"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kopiator"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kopieringsmaskin"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "machine",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "kopieringsapparat"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"sense": "machine",
"word": "copïwr"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "person",
"word": "jäljentäjä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "person",
"word": "kopisti"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "person",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine"
],
"word": "copiste"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "antigraféas",
"sense": "person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "αντιγραφέας"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "person",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
],
"word": "kopista"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "person",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "kopistka"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "person",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "copiador"
}
],
"word": "copier"
}
Download raw JSONL data for copier meaning in English (14.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-10-01 using wiktextract (f9fe161 and 6f96ddf). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.