"circumambulate" meaning in English

See circumambulate in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˌsɝ.kəmˈæm.bju.leɪt/ [General-American], /səː.kəmˈam.bjuː.leɪt/ [Received-Pronunciation] Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Pvanp7-circumambulate.wav [UK] Forms: circumambulates [present, singular, third-person], circumambulating [participle, present], circumambulated [participle, past], circumambulated [past]
Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der. Ancient Greek κίρκος (kírkos)bor. Latin circus Latin circum Latin circum- Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *h₂énts? Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰíder. Proto-Italic *amβi- Latin ambi- Proto-Indo-European *h₂elh₂-der. Proto-Italic *alō Latin *alō Latin ambulō Latin circumambulō Latin circumambulātusubor. English circumambulate Latin circumambulātus, past participle of circumambulāre (“to walk around”). Equivalent to circum- + ambulate. Etymology templates: {{ety|en|:ubor|la:circumambulātus|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der. Ancient Greek κίρκος (kírkos)bor. Latin circus Latin circum Latin circum- Proto-Indo-European *h₂ent- Proto-Indo-European *-s Proto-Indo-European *h₂énts? Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰíder. Proto-Italic *amβi- Latin ambi- Proto-Indo-European *h₂elh₂-der. Proto-Italic *alō Latin *alō Latin ambulō Latin circumambulō Latin circumambulātusubor. English circumambulate [Appendix:Glossary#unadapted_borrowing|Unadapted borrowing]] from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "gloss" : "about, around", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "bor.", "keyword_label" : "Borrowed from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "hawk", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "turn", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*(s)ker-", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Ancient Greek", "term" : "κίρκος", "lang" : "grc" } ], "keyword" : "bor" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "circus", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "circum", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "circum-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" }, { "gloss" : "walk; traverse", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "around", "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "is_uncertain" : true, "id" : "front", "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "id" : "front", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*h₂ent-", "gloss" : "face, forehead; front", "lang" : "ine-pro" }, { "id" : "amphikinetic", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*-s", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*h₂énts", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*h₂m̥bʰí", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*amβi-", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "ambi-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" }, { "children" : [ { "terms" : [ { "children" : [ { "keyword_abbrev" : "der.", "keyword_label" : "Derived from", "terms" : [ { "children" : [ ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*h₂elh₂-", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Italic", "term" : "*alō", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "itc-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "*alō", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "ambulō", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "is_group" : true, "keyword" : "affix" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "circumambulō", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword_label" : "From", "keyword" : "from" } ], "lang_name" : "Latin", "term" : "circumambulātus", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "la" } ], "keyword" : "ubor" } ], "lang_name" : "English", "term" : "circumambulate", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "en" }" data-lang="en" data-title="circumambulate">, {{uder|en|la|circumambulātus}} Latin circumambulātus, {{prefix|en|circum|ambulate}} circum- + ambulate Head templates: {{en-verb}} circumambulate (third-person singular simple present circumambulates, present participle circumambulating, simple past and past participle circumambulated)
  1. (transitive) To walk around something in a circle, especially for a ritual purpose. Tags: transitive Hypernyms: encircle Related terms: circumambulation, circumambulator, circumambulatory, deambulate, funambulate, perambulate, preambulate, reambulate, somnambulate Coordinate_terms: circumnavigate, circumaviate, circumscribe, circumtread Translations (to walk around): طَافَ (ṭāfa) (Arabic), kävellä ympäri (Finnish), kiertää (Finnish), körbejár (Hungarian), porowhawhe (Māori)

Inflected forms

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  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der.\nAncient Greek κίρκος (kírkos)bor.\nLatin circus\nLatin circum\nLatin circum-\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ent-\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₂énts?\nProto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰíder.\nProto-Italic *amβi-\nLatin ambi-\nProto-Indo-European *h₂elh₂-der.\nProto-Italic *alō\nLatin *alō\nLatin ambulō\nLatin circumambulō\nLatin circumambulātusubor.\nEnglish circumambulate\nLatin circumambulātus, past participle of circumambulāre (“to walk around”). Equivalent to circum- + ambulate.",
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      "form": "circumambulates",
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        "singular",
        "third-person"
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    },
    {
      "form": "circumambulating",
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        "present"
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  "hyphenations": [
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      "parts": [
        "cir",
        "cum",
        "am",
        "bu",
        "late"
      ]
    }
  ],
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  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
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          "kind": "other",
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      "coordinate_terms": [
        {
          "word": "circumnavigate"
        },
        {
          "word": "circumaviate"
        },
        {
          "word": "circumscribe"
        },
        {
          "word": "circumtread"
        }
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          "ref": "1851, Herman Melville, Moby Dick, Chapter 1:",
          "text": "Circumambulate the city of a dreamy Sabbath afternoon.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To walk around something in a circle, especially for a ritual purpose."
      ],
      "hypernyms": [
        {
          "word": "encircle"
        }
      ],
      "id": "en-circumambulate-en-verb-bS9XlrUK",
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        [
          "walk",
          "walk"
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        [
          "around",
          "around"
        ],
        [
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          "circle"
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          "ritual",
          "ritual"
        ],
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          "purpose",
          "purpose"
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      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To walk around something in a circle, especially for a ritual purpose."
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "circumambulation"
        },
        {
          "word": "circumambulator"
        },
        {
          "word": "circumambulatory"
        },
        {
          "word": "deambulate"
        },
        {
          "word": "funambulate"
        },
        {
          "word": "perambulate"
        },
        {
          "word": "preambulate"
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        {
          "word": "reambulate"
        },
        {
          "word": "somnambulate"
        }
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      "translations": [
        {
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "lang_code": "ar",
          "roman": "ṭāfa",
          "sense": "to walk around",
          "word": "طَافَ"
        },
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          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "lang_code": "fi",
          "sense": "to walk around",
          "word": "kävellä ympäri"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "lang_code": "fi",
          "sense": "to walk around",
          "word": "kiertää"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "lang_code": "hu",
          "sense": "to walk around",
          "word": "körbejár"
        },
        {
          "code": "mi",
          "lang": "Māori",
          "lang_code": "mi",
          "sense": "to walk around",
          "word": "porowhawhe"
        }
      ]
    }
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      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der.\nAncient Greek κίρκος (kírkos)bor.\nLatin circus\nLatin circum\nLatin circum-\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ent-\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₂énts?\nProto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰíder.\nProto-Italic *amβi-\nLatin ambi-\nProto-Indo-European *h₂elh₂-der.\nProto-Italic *alō\nLatin *alō\nLatin ambulō\nLatin circumambulō\nLatin circumambulātusubor.\nEnglish circumambulate\n[Appendix:Glossary#unadapted_borrowing|Unadapted borrowing]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"about, around\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"hawk\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"turn\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*(s)ker-\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Ancient Greek\", \"term\" : \"κίρκος\", \"lang\" : \"grc\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circum\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circum-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"gloss\" : \"walk; traverse\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"around\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"is_uncertain\" : true, \"id\" : \"front\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"front\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂ent-\", \"gloss\" : \"face, forehead; front\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" }, { \"id\" : \"amphikinetic\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*-s\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂énts\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂m̥bʰí\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*amβi-\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ambi-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" }, { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₂elh₂-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*alō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"*alō\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"ambulō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circumambulō\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"circumambulātus\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"ubor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"English\", \"term\" : \"circumambulate\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"en\" }\" data-lang=\"en\" data-title=\"circumambulate\">",
      "name": "ety"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "circumambulātus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin circumambulātus",
      "name": "uder"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "circum",
        "3": "ambulate"
      },
      "expansion": "circum- + ambulate",
      "name": "prefix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *(s)ker-der.\nAncient Greek κίρκος (kírkos)bor.\nLatin circus\nLatin circum\nLatin circum-\nProto-Indo-European *h₂ent-\nProto-Indo-European *-s\nProto-Indo-European *h₂énts?\nProto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰíder.\nProto-Italic *amβi-\nLatin ambi-\nProto-Indo-European *h₂elh₂-der.\nProto-Italic *alō\nLatin *alō\nLatin ambulō\nLatin circumambulō\nLatin circumambulātusubor.\nEnglish circumambulate\nLatin circumambulātus, past participle of circumambulāre (“to walk around”). Equivalent to circum- + ambulate.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "circumambulates",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "circumambulating",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "circumambulated",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "circumambulated",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "circumambulate (third-person singular simple present circumambulates, present participle circumambulating, simple past and past participle circumambulated)",
      "name": "en-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "cir",
        "cum",
        "am",
        "bu",
        "late"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "circumambulation"
    },
    {
      "word": "circumambulator"
    },
    {
      "word": "circumambulatory"
    },
    {
      "word": "deambulate"
    },
    {
      "word": "funambulate"
    },
    {
      "word": "perambulate"
    },
    {
      "word": "preambulate"
    },
    {
      "word": "reambulate"
    },
    {
      "word": "somnambulate"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Arabic terms with redundant transliterations",
        "English entries with etymology trees",
        "English entries with etymon",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English terms borrowed from Latin",
        "English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
        "English terms derived from Latin",
        "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
        "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)ker- (turn)",
        "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂elh₂-",
        "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ent-",
        "English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₂m̥bʰí",
        "English terms prefixed with circum-",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "English transitive verbs",
        "English unadapted borrowings from Latin",
        "English undefined derivations",
        "English verbs",
        "Entries with translation boxes",
        "Pages using etymon with no ID",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Pages with etymology trees",
        "Pages with etymon",
        "Terms with Arabic translations",
        "Terms with Finnish translations",
        "Terms with Hungarian translations",
        "Terms with Māori translations"
      ],
      "coordinate_terms": [
        {
          "word": "circumnavigate"
        },
        {
          "word": "circumaviate"
        },
        {
          "word": "circumscribe"
        },
        {
          "word": "circumtread"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              14
            ]
          ],
          "ref": "1851, Herman Melville, Moby Dick, Chapter 1:",
          "text": "Circumambulate the city of a dreamy Sabbath afternoon.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To walk around something in a circle, especially for a ritual purpose."
      ],
      "hypernyms": [
        {
          "word": "encircle"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "walk",
          "walk"
        ],
        [
          "around",
          "around"
        ],
        [
          "circle",
          "circle"
        ],
        [
          "ritual",
          "ritual"
        ],
        [
          "purpose",
          "purpose"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) To walk around something in a circle, especially for a ritual purpose."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌsɝ.kəmˈæm.bju.leɪt/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/səː.kəmˈam.bjuː.leɪt/",
      "tags": [
        "Received-Pronunciation"
      ]
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Pvanp7-circumambulate.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Pvanp7-circumambulate.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Pvanp7-circumambulate.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Pvanp7-circumambulate.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Pvanp7-circumambulate.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "lang_code": "ar",
      "roman": "ṭāfa",
      "sense": "to walk around",
      "word": "طَافَ"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "to walk around",
      "word": "kävellä ympäri"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "to walk around",
      "word": "kiertää"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "lang_code": "hu",
      "sense": "to walk around",
      "word": "körbejár"
    },
    {
      "code": "mi",
      "lang": "Māori",
      "lang_code": "mi",
      "sense": "to walk around",
      "word": "porowhawhe"
    }
  ],
  "word": "circumambulate"
}

Download raw JSONL data for circumambulate meaning in English (9.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (ccec6f1 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.