See chernozem in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "ru",
"3": "чернозём",
"t": "black soil"
},
"expansion": "Russian чернозём (černozjóm, “black soil”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Russian чернозём (černozjóm, “black soil”). The letter ё (jo) is usually written as е (je) in Russian, more accurately transliterated as \"chernozyom\"; compare чернозе́мье (černozémʹje), where ё (jo) is changed to е (je).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chernozems",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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"1": "~"
},
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"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Belarusian terms with redundant script codes",
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"kind": "other",
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"kind": "other",
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{
"kind": "other",
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"kind": "other",
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},
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}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "chernozemic"
},
{
"word": "Chernozemic"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1863, Justus Freiherr von Liebig, The Natural Laws of Husbandry:",
"text": "The experiments made by the beet-root growers of the extensive tract of land in Russia, known as the Tschernosem or 'Black soil', whose fertility for corn plants is proverbial, show that this earth, though analytically proved to contain upon the whole, to the depth of twenty inches, 700 to 1000 times the quantity of potash required for a full beet-root crop, is, after three or four years' cultivation, so exhausted, that without manuring it will no longer yield a remunerative crop of beetroot.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fertile black soil containing a very high percentage of humus (3% to 15%) and high percentages of phosphoric acids, phosphorus and ammonia."
],
"id": "en-chernozem-en-noun-aTYHB5AY",
"links": [
[
"fertile",
"fertile"
],
[
"soil",
"soil"
],
[
"humus",
"humus"
],
[
"phosphoric acid",
"phosphoric acid"
],
[
"phosphorus",
"phosphorus"
],
[
"ammonia",
"ammonia"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "dark earth"
},
{
"word": "greyzem"
},
{
"word": "kastanozem"
},
{
"word": "phaeozem"
},
{
"word": "rubrozem"
},
{
"word": "sierozem"
},
{
"word": "terra preta"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "black earth"
},
{
"word": "chernosem"
},
{
"word": "tschernosem"
},
{
"word": "tchernozem"
},
{
"word": "tchornozem"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "čarnazjóm",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "чарназём"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hēitǔ",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "黑土"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "黑鈣土"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hēigàitǔ",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "黑钙土"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "černozem"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "tšernozem"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "mustamulta"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "mustamultamaannos"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tchernoziom"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tchernozème"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schwarzerde"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Tschernosem"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "mussanmaa"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "černozëm"
},
{
"alt": "こくど",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kokudo",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "黒土"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "cherunozemu",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "チェルノゼム"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "cherunojōmu",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "チェルノジョーム"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "heukto",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "흑토"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "chereunojem",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "체르노젬"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "chereunojom",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "체르노죰"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "czarnoziem"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chernozem"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "černozjóm",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "чернозём"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "černozem"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chernozem"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "svartjord"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čornózem",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "чорно́зем"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "đất đen"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "hắc thổ"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "secnôziom"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"chernozem"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃɜː(ɹ)nəˌzɛm/"
}
],
"word": "chernozem"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "chernozemic"
},
{
"word": "Chernozemic"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ru",
"3": "чернозём",
"t": "black soil"
},
"expansion": "Russian чернозём (černozjóm, “black soil”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Russian чернозём (černozjóm, “black soil”). The letter ё (jo) is usually written as е (je) in Russian, more accurately transliterated as \"chernozyom\"; compare чернозе́мье (černozémʹje), where ё (jo) is changed to е (je).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chernozems",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "chernozem (countable and uncountable, plural chernozems)",
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}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "dark earth"
},
{
"word": "greyzem"
},
{
"word": "kastanozem"
},
{
"word": "phaeozem"
},
{
"word": "rubrozem"
},
{
"word": "sierozem"
},
{
"word": "terra preta"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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"English countable nouns",
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"English nouns",
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"English terms derived from Russian",
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"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
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"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
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"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Ingrian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"Ukrainian terms with redundant script codes"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1863, Justus Freiherr von Liebig, The Natural Laws of Husbandry:",
"text": "The experiments made by the beet-root growers of the extensive tract of land in Russia, known as the Tschernosem or 'Black soil', whose fertility for corn plants is proverbial, show that this earth, though analytically proved to contain upon the whole, to the depth of twenty inches, 700 to 1000 times the quantity of potash required for a full beet-root crop, is, after three or four years' cultivation, so exhausted, that without manuring it will no longer yield a remunerative crop of beetroot.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fertile black soil containing a very high percentage of humus (3% to 15%) and high percentages of phosphoric acids, phosphorus and ammonia."
],
"links": [
[
"fertile",
"fertile"
],
[
"soil",
"soil"
],
[
"humus",
"humus"
],
[
"phosphoric acid",
"phosphoric acid"
],
[
"phosphorus",
"phosphorus"
],
[
"ammonia",
"ammonia"
]
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"wikipedia": [
"chernozem"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃɜː(ɹ)nəˌzɛm/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "black earth"
},
{
"word": "chernosem"
},
{
"word": "tschernosem"
},
{
"word": "tchernozem"
},
{
"word": "tchornozem"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "čarnazjóm",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "чарназём"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hēitǔ",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "黑土"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "黑鈣土"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "hēigàitǔ",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "黑钙土"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "černozem"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "tšernozem"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "mustamulta"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "mustamultamaannos"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tchernoziom"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tchernozème"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schwarzerde"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Tschernosem"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "mussanmaa"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "černozëm"
},
{
"alt": "こくど",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "kokudo",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "黒土"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "cherunozemu",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "チェルノゼム"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "cherunojōmu",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "チェルノジョーム"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "heukto",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "흑토"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "chereunojem",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "체르노젬"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "chereunojom",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "체르노죰"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "czarnoziem"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chernozem"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "černozjóm",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "чернозём"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "černozem"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chernozem"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "svartjord"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "čornózem",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "чорно́зем"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "đất đen"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "hắc thổ"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "black-coloured soil containing a high percentage of humus",
"word": "secnôziom"
}
],
"word": "chernozem"
}
Download raw JSONL data for chernozem meaning in English (7.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (65a6e81 and 0dbea76). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.