"bunion" meaning in English

See bunion in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ˈbʌnjən/ Forms: bunions [plural]
Rhymes: -ʌnjən Etymology: From alteration of earlier bunny (“lump, swelling”), from Middle English bony, boni (“bunion, swelling”), perhaps Italian bubbone (augmented form of bugno (“beehive”)), or more likely from Lombard bugnon (“bunyon”), all three from Old French bugne, buigne, bune (“bump, knob, swelling”), from Old Norse bunga (“an elevation, bulge”) or Frankish *bungjō (“a swelling, lump, bump”), both from Proto-Germanic *bungô, *bunkô (“lump, clump, heap, crowd”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰenǵʰ- (“thick, dense, fat”). Cognate with Dutch bonk (“lump, clump”), German Bunge (“swelling, tuber”). Etymology templates: {{root|en|ine-pro|*bʰenǵʰ-}}, {{m|en|bunny||lump, swelling}} bunny (“lump, swelling”), {{der|en|enm|bony}} Middle English bony, {{m|enm|boni||bunion, swelling}} boni (“bunion, swelling”), {{der|en|it|bubbone}} Italian bubbone, {{m|it|bugno||beehive}} bugno (“beehive”), {{der|en|lmo|bugnon||bunyon}} Lombard bugnon (“bunyon”), {{der|en|fro|bugne}} Old French bugne, {{m|fro|buigne}} buigne, {{m|fro|bune||bump, knob, swelling}} bune (“bump, knob, swelling”), {{der|en|non|bunga||an elevation, bulge}} Old Norse bunga (“an elevation, bulge”), {{der|en|frk|*bungjō||a swelling, lump, bump}} Frankish *bungjō (“a swelling, lump, bump”), {{der|en|gem-pro|*bungô}} Proto-Germanic *bungô, {{m|gem-pro|*bunkô||lump, clump, heap, crowd}} *bunkô (“lump, clump, heap, crowd”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*bʰenǵʰ-||thick, dense, fat}} Proto-Indo-European *bʰenǵʰ- (“thick, dense, fat”), {{cog|nl|bonk||lump, clump}} Dutch bonk (“lump, clump”), {{cog|de|Bunge||swelling, tuber}} German Bunge (“swelling, tuber”) Head templates: {{en-noun}} bunion (plural bunions)
  1. (pathology) A bump or bulge on the first joint of the big toe caused by the swelling of a sac of fluid under the skin. Categories (topical): Pathology Translations (bump on the big toe): galindó [masculine] (Catalan), 拇囊炎 (mǔnángyán) (Chinese Mandarin), 雞眼 (Chinese Mandarin), 鸡眼 (jīyǎn) (Chinese Mandarin), hallux valgus (Dutch), scheefstaande grote teen (Dutch), vírikur [masculine] (Faroese), vaivaisenluu (Finnish), oignon (French), xoanete [masculine] (Galician), Ballenzehe [feminine] (German), Schiefzehe [feminine] (German), bütyök (Hungarian), buinneán [masculine] (Irish), alluce valgo (Italian), 外反母趾 (gaihanboshi) (alt: がいはんぼし) (Japanese), кокалче (kokalče) [neuter] (Macedonian), paluch koślawy [masculine] (Polish), haluks [masculine] (Polish), halluks [masculine] (Polish), joanete [masculine] (Portuguese), mont [neuter] (Romanian), бурси́т (bursít) (alt: большо́го па́льца стопы́) [masculine] (Russian), ши́шка (šíška) (alt: на нару́жной стороне́ большо́го па́льца ноги́) [feminine] (Russian), juanete [masculine] (Spanish), liktorn (Swedish), chwydd [masculine] (Welsh)
    Sense id: en-bunion-en-noun-oZhlewyr Topics: medicine, pathology, sciences Disambiguation of 'bump on the big toe': 63 37
  2. (colloquial, by extension) Hallux valgus, deviation of the big toe from its normal position towards the other toes, the prime cause for the swelling of its first joint. Tags: broadly, colloquial Translations (hallux valgus): vbočený palec (Czech), vaivaisenluu (Finnish), кокалче (kokalče) [neuter] (Macedonian), bynion [masculine] (Welsh)
    Sense id: en-bunion-en-noun-BJP2y4-I Disambiguation of 'hallux valgus': 28 72
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: bunyon, bunian, bunnion, bunnian [obsolete]

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for bunion meaning in English (8.6kB)

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        "A bump or bulge on the first joint of the big toe caused by the swelling of a sac of fluid under the skin."
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        "(pathology) A bump or bulge on the first joint of the big toe caused by the swelling of a sac of fluid under the skin."
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          "_dis1": "63 37",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "galindó"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "63 37",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "mǔnángyán",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
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        },
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          "_dis1": "63 37",
          "code": "cmn",
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          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "word": "雞眼"
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          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
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          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "word": "hallux valgus"
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          "_dis1": "63 37",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "word": "scheefstaande grote teen"
        },
        {
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          "code": "fo",
          "lang": "Faroese",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "tags": [
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          ],
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        },
        {
          "_dis1": "63 37",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "word": "vaivaisenluu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "63 37",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "word": "oignon"
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          "_dis1": "63 37",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "tags": [
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          ],
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        },
        {
          "_dis1": "63 37",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "tags": [
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          ],
          "word": "Ballenzehe"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "63 37",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Schiefzehe"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "63 37",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "word": "bütyök"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "63 37",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "buinneán"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "63 37",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "word": "alluce valgo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "63 37",
          "alt": "がいはんぼし",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "gaihanboshi",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "word": "外反母趾"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "63 37",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "kokalče",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "кокалче"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "63 37",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "paluch koślawy"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "63 37",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "haluks"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "63 37",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "halluks"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "63 37",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "joanete"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "63 37",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "mont"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "63 37",
          "alt": "большо́го па́льца стопы́",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "bursít",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "бурси́т"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "63 37",
          "alt": "на нару́жной стороне́ большо́го па́льца ноги́",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "šíška",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ши́шка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "63 37",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "note": "вальгусная деформа́ция первого пальца стопы",
          "roman": "válʹgusnaja deformácija pérvovo pálʹca stopý",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ]
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "63 37",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "juanete"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "63 37",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "word": "liktorn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "63 37",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "bump on the big toe",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "chwydd"
        }
      ]
    },
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      "glosses": [
        "Hallux valgus, deviation of the big toe from its normal position towards the other toes, the prime cause for the swelling of its first joint."
      ],
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      "links": [
        [
          "Hallux",
          "hallux"
        ],
        [
          "valgus",
          "valgus"
        ],
        [
          "big toe",
          "big toe"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial, by extension) Hallux valgus, deviation of the big toe from its normal position towards the other toes, the prime cause for the swelling of its first joint."
      ],
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        "colloquial"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "28 72",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "hallux valgus",
          "word": "vbočený palec"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "28 72",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "hallux valgus",
          "word": "vaivaisenluu"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "28 72",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "kokalče",
          "sense": "hallux valgus",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "кокалче"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "28 72",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "hallux valgus",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "bynion"
        }
      ]
    }
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      "ipa": "/ˈbʌnjən/"
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      "rhymes": "-ʌnjən"
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      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "bunyon"
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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "bunnion"
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    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
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}
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        "4": "bump, knob, swelling"
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      "name": "m"
    },
    {
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        "5": "an elevation, bulge"
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    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frk",
        "3": "*bungjō",
        "4": "",
        "5": "a swelling, lump, bump"
      },
      "expansion": "Frankish *bungjō (“a swelling, lump, bump”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
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      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bungô",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*bunkô",
        "3": "",
        "4": "lump, clump, heap, crowd"
      },
      "expansion": "*bunkô (“lump, clump, heap, crowd”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰenǵʰ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "thick, dense, fat"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰenǵʰ- (“thick, dense, fat”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "bonk",
        "3": "",
        "4": "lump, clump"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch bonk (“lump, clump”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "Bunge",
        "3": "",
        "4": "swelling, tuber"
      },
      "expansion": "German Bunge (“swelling, tuber”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From alteration of earlier bunny (“lump, swelling”), from Middle English bony, boni (“bunion, swelling”), perhaps Italian bubbone (augmented form of bugno (“beehive”)), or more likely from Lombard bugnon (“bunyon”), all three from Old French bugne, buigne, bune (“bump, knob, swelling”), from Old Norse bunga (“an elevation, bulge”) or Frankish *bungjō (“a swelling, lump, bump”), both from Proto-Germanic *bungô, *bunkô (“lump, clump, heap, crowd”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰenǵʰ- (“thick, dense, fat”). Cognate with Dutch bonk (“lump, clump”), German Bunge (“swelling, tuber”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bunions",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "bunion (plural bunions)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Pathology"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A bump or bulge on the first joint of the big toe caused by the swelling of a sac of fluid under the skin."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pathology",
          "pathology"
        ],
        [
          "toe",
          "toe"
        ],
        [
          "swelling",
          "swelling"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(pathology) A bump or bulge on the first joint of the big toe caused by the swelling of a sac of fluid under the skin."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "medicine",
        "pathology",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English colloquialisms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Hallux valgus, deviation of the big toe from its normal position towards the other toes, the prime cause for the swelling of its first joint."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Hallux",
          "hallux"
        ],
        [
          "valgus",
          "valgus"
        ],
        [
          "big toe",
          "big toe"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial, by extension) Hallux valgus, deviation of the big toe from its normal position towards the other toes, the prime cause for the swelling of its first joint."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "colloquial"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbʌnjən/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ʌnjən"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "Bunyan"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "bunyon"
    },
    {
      "word": "bunian"
    },
    {
      "word": "bunnion"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "bunnian"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "galindó"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "mǔnángyán",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "word": "拇囊炎"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "word": "雞眼"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "jīyǎn",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "word": "鸡眼"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "word": "hallux valgus"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "word": "scheefstaande grote teen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fo",
      "lang": "Faroese",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "vírikur"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "word": "vaivaisenluu"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "word": "oignon"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "xoanete"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Ballenzehe"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Schiefzehe"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "word": "bütyök"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "buinneán"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "word": "alluce valgo"
    },
    {
      "alt": "がいはんぼし",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "gaihanboshi",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "word": "外反母趾"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "kokalče",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "кокалче"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "paluch koślawy"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "haluks"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "halluks"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "joanete"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "mont"
    },
    {
      "alt": "большо́го па́льца стопы́",
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "bursít",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "бурси́т"
    },
    {
      "alt": "на нару́жной стороне́ большо́го па́льца ноги́",
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "šíška",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ши́шка"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "note": "вальгусная деформа́ция первого пальца стопы",
      "roman": "válʹgusnaja deformácija pérvovo pálʹca stopý",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "juanete"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "word": "liktorn"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "bump on the big toe",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "chwydd"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "hallux valgus",
      "word": "vbočený palec"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "hallux valgus",
      "word": "vaivaisenluu"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "kokalče",
      "sense": "hallux valgus",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "кокалче"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "hallux valgus",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "bynion"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bunion"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-03-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-03-01 using wiktextract (68773ab and 5f6ddbb). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.