See bunion in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bunionectomy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bunioned"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "bunionette"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰenǵʰ-"
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"name": "root"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "bony"
},
"expansion": "Middle English bony",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "it",
"3": "bubbone"
},
"expansion": "Italian bubbone",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lmo",
"3": "bugnon",
"4": "",
"5": "bunyon"
},
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "bugne"
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"expansion": "Old French bugne",
"name": "der"
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "non",
"3": "bunga",
"4": "",
"5": "an elevation, bulge"
},
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"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*bungjō",
"4": "",
"5": "a swelling, lump, bump"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *bungjō (“a swelling, lump, bump”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*bungô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *bungô",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰenǵʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "thick, dense, fat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰenǵʰ- (“thick, dense, fat”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bonk",
"3": "",
"4": "lump, clump"
},
"expansion": "Dutch bonk (“lump, clump”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Bunge",
"3": "",
"4": "swelling, tuber"
},
"expansion": "German Bunge (“swelling, tuber”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From alteration of earlier bunny (“lump, swelling”), from Middle English bony, boni (“bunion, swelling”), perhaps Italian bubbone (augmented form of bugno (“beehive”)), or more likely from Lombard bugnon (“bunyon”), all three from Old French bugne, buigne, bune (“bump, knob, swelling”), from Old Norse bunga (“an elevation, bulge”) or Frankish *bungjō (“a swelling, lump, bump”), both from Proto-Germanic *bungô, *bunkô (“lump, clump, heap, crowd”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰenǵʰ- (“thick, dense, fat”). Cognate with Dutch bonk (“lump, clump”), German Bunge (“swelling, tuber”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bunions",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bunyon",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bunian",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bunnion",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "bunnian",
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"alternative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {},
"expansion": "bunion (plural bunions)",
"name": "en-noun"
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Pathology",
"orig": "en:Pathology",
"parents": [
"Disease",
"Medicine",
"Health",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Body",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A bump or bulge on the first joint of the big toe caused by the swelling of a sac of fluid under the skin."
],
"id": "en-bunion-en-noun-oZhlewyr",
"links": [
[
"pathology",
"pathology"
],
[
"toe",
"toe"
],
[
"swelling",
"swelling"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(pathology) A bump or bulge on the first joint of the big toe caused by the swelling of a sac of fluid under the skin."
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "galindó"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mǔnángyán",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"word": "拇囊炎"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīyǎn",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"word": "雞眼 /鸡眼"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"word": "hallux valgus"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"word": "scheefstaande grote teen"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vírikur"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"word": "vaivaisenluu"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"word": "oignon"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xoanete"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ballenzehe"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schiefzehe"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"word": "bütyök"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "buinneán"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"word": "alluce valgo"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"alt": "がいはんぼし",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gaihanboshi",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"word": "外反母趾"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kokalče",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "кокалче"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "paluch koślawy"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "haluks"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "halluks"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "joanete"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "mont"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"alt": "большо́го па́льца стопы́",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bursít",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бурси́т"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"alt": "на нару́жной стороне́ большо́го па́льца ноги́",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šíška",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ши́шка"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "вальгусная деформа́ция первого пальца стопы",
"roman": "válʹgusnaja deformácija pérvovo pálʹca stopý",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "juanete"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"word": "liktorn"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"word": "başparmak çıkıntısı"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 33",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chwydd"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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"Entry maintenance"
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{
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{
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{
"_dis": "33 67",
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},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
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},
{
"_dis": "25 75",
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{
"_dis": "23 77",
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},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
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},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
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},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "27 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
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{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "27 73",
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"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "24 76",
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},
{
"_dis": "27 73",
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"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
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},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"_dis": "24 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "21 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "21 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
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},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
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}
],
"glosses": [
"Hallux valgus, deviation of the big toe from its normal position towards the other toes, the prime cause for the swelling of its first joint."
],
"id": "en-bunion-en-noun-BJP2y4-I",
"links": [
[
"Hallux",
"hallux"
],
[
"valgus",
"valgus"
],
[
"big toe",
"big toe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, by extension) Hallux valgus, deviation of the big toe from its normal position towards the other toes, the prime cause for the swelling of its first joint."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"colloquial"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "hallux valgus",
"word": "vbočený palec"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hallux valgus",
"word": "vaivaisenluu"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "hallux valgus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hallux Valgus"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kokalče",
"sense": "hallux valgus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "кокалче"
},
{
"_dis1": "18 82",
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "hallux valgus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bynion"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʌnjən/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-bunion.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/93/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-bunion.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-bunion.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌnjən"
},
{
"homophone": "Bunyan"
}
],
"word": "bunion"
}
{
"categories": [
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Italian",
"English terms derived from Lombard",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Old Norse",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰenǵʰ-",
"English terms with homophones",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/ʌnjən",
"Rhymes:English/ʌnjən/2 syllables",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
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"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Welsh translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "bunionectomy"
},
{
"word": "bunioned"
},
{
"word": "bunionette"
}
],
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},
{
"args": {
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"3": "",
"4": "swelling, tuber"
},
"expansion": "German Bunge (“swelling, tuber”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From alteration of earlier bunny (“lump, swelling”), from Middle English bony, boni (“bunion, swelling”), perhaps Italian bubbone (augmented form of bugno (“beehive”)), or more likely from Lombard bugnon (“bunyon”), all three from Old French bugne, buigne, bune (“bump, knob, swelling”), from Old Norse bunga (“an elevation, bulge”) or Frankish *bungjō (“a swelling, lump, bump”), both from Proto-Germanic *bungô, *bunkô (“lump, clump, heap, crowd”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰenǵʰ- (“thick, dense, fat”). Cognate with Dutch bonk (“lump, clump”), German Bunge (“swelling, tuber”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bunions",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bunyon",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "bunian",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "bunnion",
"tags": [
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]
},
{
"form": "bunnian",
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}
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"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
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],
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"A bump or bulge on the first joint of the big toe caused by the swelling of a sac of fluid under the skin."
],
"links": [
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],
[
"toe",
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],
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],
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"(pathology) A bump or bulge on the first joint of the big toe caused by the swelling of a sac of fluid under the skin."
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pathology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English colloquialisms"
],
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"Hallux valgus, deviation of the big toe from its normal position towards the other toes, the prime cause for the swelling of its first joint."
],
"links": [
[
"Hallux",
"hallux"
],
[
"valgus",
"valgus"
],
[
"big toe",
"big toe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, by extension) Hallux valgus, deviation of the big toe from its normal position towards the other toes, the prime cause for the swelling of its first joint."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbʌnjən/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-bunion.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/93/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-bunion.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-bunion.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/93/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-bunion.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Flame%2C_not_lame-bunion.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌnjən"
},
{
"homophone": "Bunyan"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "galindó"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mǔnángyán",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"word": "拇囊炎"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jīyǎn",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"word": "雞眼 /鸡眼"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"word": "hallux valgus"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"word": "scheefstaande grote teen"
},
{
"code": "fo",
"lang": "Faroese",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vírikur"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"word": "vaivaisenluu"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"word": "oignon"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "xoanete"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Ballenzehe"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Schiefzehe"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"word": "bütyök"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "buinneán"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"word": "alluce valgo"
},
{
"alt": "がいはんぼし",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "gaihanboshi",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"word": "外反母趾"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kokalče",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "кокалче"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "paluch koślawy"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "haluks"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "halluks"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "joanete"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "mont"
},
{
"alt": "большо́го па́льца стопы́",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "bursít",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "бурси́т"
},
{
"alt": "на нару́жной стороне́ большо́го па́льца ноги́",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "šíška",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "ши́шка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"note": "вальгусная деформа́ция первого пальца стопы",
"roman": "válʹgusnaja deformácija pérvovo pálʹca stopý",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "juanete"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"word": "liktorn"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"word": "başparmak çıkıntısı"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "bump on the big toe",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "chwydd"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "hallux valgus",
"word": "vbočený palec"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "hallux valgus",
"word": "vaivaisenluu"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "hallux valgus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Hallux Valgus"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "kokalče",
"sense": "hallux valgus",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "кокалче"
},
{
"code": "cy",
"lang": "Welsh",
"sense": "hallux valgus",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "bynion"
}
],
"word": "bunion"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bunion meaning in English (9.2kB)
{
"called_from": "translations/609-20230504",
"msg": "Translation too long compared to word, so it is skipped",
"path": [
"bunion"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "bunion",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (32c88e6 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.