See brach in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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"2": "enm",
"3": "brache",
"t": "hunting dog, especially a small scent hound; female dog, bitch (?); lapdog (?)"
},
"expansion": "Middle English brache (“hunting dog, especially a small scent hound; female dog, bitch (?); lapdog (?)”)",
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"name": "der"
},
{
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"2": "Bracke"
},
"expansion": "German Bracke",
"name": "cog"
},
{
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"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*brēkijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *brēkijaną",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fragrō",
"t": "to emit a smell"
},
"expansion": "Latin fragrō (“to emit a smell”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bræhen",
"t": "to smell (something); to use the sense of smell; to have a (bad) smell"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German bræhen (“to smell (something); to use the sense of smell; to have a (bad) smell”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
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"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰreHg-",
"t": "to have a strong odour, to smell"
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"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰreHg- (“to have a strong odour, to smell”)",
"name": "der"
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},
"expansion": "cognates",
"name": "col-top"
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"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "bracco"
},
"expansion": "Italian bracco",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la-med",
"2": "bracco"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin bracco",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "brac"
},
"expansion": "Occitan brac",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "braco"
},
"expansion": "Spanish braco",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English brache (“hunting dog, especially a small scent hound; female dog, bitch (?); lapdog (?)”), probably a back-formation from Old French brachès, brachez, the plural of brachet (“female scent hound”), a diminutive of brac, from Old High German braccho, bracco, bracko (“scent hound”) (modern German Bracke); further etymology uncertain, possibly from Proto-Germanic *brēkijaną (compare Latin fragrō (“to emit a smell”), Middle High German bræhen (“to smell (something); to use the sense of smell; to have a (bad) smell”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreHg- (“to have a strong odour, to smell”).\ncognates\n* Italian bracco\n* Medieval Latin bracco\n* Occitan brac\n* Spanish braco",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brachs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "braches",
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"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Hunting",
"orig": "en:Hunting",
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"source": "w"
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{
"_dis": "60 1 38",
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{
"_dis": "89 2 9",
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{
"_dis": "84 16 0",
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"ref": "1596, Tho[mas] Nashe, “Dialogus”, in Haue with You to Saffron-Walden. Or, Gabriell Harveys Hunt is Up. […], London: […] John Danter, →OCLC; republished as J[ohn] P[ayne] C[ollier], editor, Have with You to Saffron-Walden (Miscellaneous Tracts; Temp. Eliz. and Jac. I), [London: s.n., 1870], →OCLC, page 134:",
"text": "In ſome countreys no woman is ſo honourable as she that hath to doo with moſt men, and can give the luſtieſt ſtriker oddes by 25 times in one night, as Meſſalina did; and ſo it is with this his bratche, or bitch-foxe.",
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"ref": "c. 1603–1606 (date written), [William Shakespeare], […] His True Chronicle Historie of the Life and Death of King Lear and His Three Daughters. […] (First Quarto), London: […] Nathaniel Butter, […], published 1608, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iv], signature [C4], verso:",
"text": "Truth is a dog that muſt to kenell, hee muſt be vvhipt out, vvhen Ladie oth'e [or the] brach may ſtand by the fire and ſtinke.",
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"ref": "c. 1603–1606 (date written), [William Shakespeare], […] His True Chronicle Historie of the Life and Death of King Lear and His Three Daughters. […] (First Quarto), London: […] Nathaniel Butter, […], published 1608, →OCLC, [Act III, scene vi], signature [G4], recto:",
"text": "[A]uant you curs, / Be thy mouth, or blacke, or vvhite, tooth that poyſons if it bite, / Maſtife, grayhoũd [grayhound], mungril, grim-hoũd or ſpaniel, brach or him, / Bobtaile tike, or trũdletaile [trundletail], Tom vvill make them vveep & vvaile, […]",
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"ref": "1615, G[ervase] M[arkham], “[The Husbandmans Recreations: […].] Of Hunting, and of All the Particular Knowledges Belonging therunto.”, in Countrey Contentments, in Two Bookes: The First, Containing the Whole Art of Riding Great Horses in Very Short Time, […] The Second Intituled, The English Huswife: […], London: […] I[ohn] B[eale] for R[oger] Iackson, […], →OCLC, 1st section ([Of Hunting]), pages 25–26:",
"text": "[W]hen your Bratch is neere vvhelping, or hath vvhelpe; you ſhall ſeperate her from other Hounds, and haue a priuate Kennell for her, […] for vvhere a Bratch firſt vvhelpeth her litter, if they be remoued, ſhee vvil not leaue carrying her vvhelps vp and dovvne, til ſhee haue found the ſame place againe, or ſome other perhaps more vnfit then the former, […]",
"type": "quotation"
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"ref": "1621, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], “Non-necessary, Remote, Outward, Adventitious or Accidentall Causes: As First from the Nurse”, in The Anatomy of Melancholy, […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and Iames Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 1, section 2, member 4, subsection 1, page 190:",
"text": "A ſow pigge by chance ſucked a Brach, and vvhen ſhe vvas grovvne, vvould miraculouſly hunt all manner of Deere, and that as vvell or rather better then any ordinary hound.",
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"ref": "1848, Charles Kingsley, Junior, The Saint’s Tragedy; or, The True Story of Elizabeth of Hungary, […], London: John W[illiam] Parker, […], →OCLC, Act II, scene i, page 63:",
"text": "So we'll flatter them up, and we'll cocker them up, / Till we turn young brains; / And pamper the brach till we make her a wolf, / And get bit by the legs for our pains.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Originally, a synonym of scent hound (“a hunting dog that tracks prey using its sense of smell rather than by its vision”); later, any female hound; a bitch hound."
],
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[
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[
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[
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[
"prey",
"prey#Noun"
],
[
"using",
"use#Verb"
],
[
"sense",
"sense#Noun"
],
[
"smell",
"smell#Noun"
],
[
"vision",
"vision#Noun"
],
[
"female",
"female#Adjective"
],
[
"hound",
"hound#Noun"
],
[
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]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly hunting) Originally, a synonym of scent hound (“a hunting dog that tracks prey using its sense of smell rather than by its vision”); later, any female hound; a bitch hound."
],
"senseid": [
"en:hound"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "brachet"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"topics": [
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"hunting",
"lifestyle"
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"ref": "1610 (first performance), Ben[jamin] Jonson, The Alchemist, London: […] Thomas Snodham, for Walter Burre, and are to be sold by Iohn Stepneth, […], published 1612, →OCLC, Act I, scene i, signature B2, verso:",
"text": "Avvay this Brach. I'll bring thee, Rogue, vvithin / The Statute of Sorcerie, triceſimo tertio [thirty-three] / Of Harry the eight: […]",
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"ref": "c. 1632 (date written), Richard Brome, “The Weeding of the Covent-Garden. Or The Middlesex-Justice of Peace.”, in [Alex[ander] Brome], editor, Five New Playes, […], London: […] [J. T.] for A[ndrew] Crook[e] […], and for H[enry] Brome […], published 1659 (indicated as 1658), →OCLC, Act IV, scene i, page 56:",
"text": "Here's that ſhall ſtay your ſtomack better then the bit you ſnarle for. Thou greedy Brach thou.",
"type": "quotation"
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97,
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"ref": "1847 December, Ellis Bell [pseudonym; Emily Brontë], chapter XIV, in Wuthering Heights: […], volume I, London: Thomas Cautley Newby, […], →OCLC, page 340:",
"text": "Now, was it not the depth of absurdity—of genuine idiocy, for that pitiful, slavish, mean-minded brach to dream that I could love her?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A despicable or disagreeable woman; a bitch."
],
"id": "en-brach-en-noun-Pnst5vkV",
"links": [
[
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"derogatory"
],
[
"despicable",
"despicable#Adjective"
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[
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],
[
"woman",
"woman#Noun"
],
[
"bitch",
"bitch#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory) A despicable or disagreeable woman; a bitch."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"derogatory"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɹæt͡ʃ/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
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}
],
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}
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"2": "brachiopod",
"alt": "brach(iopod)"
},
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}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of brach(iopod).",
"forms": [
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"tags": [
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}
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{
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],
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],
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"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Old High German",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰreHg-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
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"Rhymes:English/æk/1 syllable",
"Rhymes:English/ætʃ",
"Rhymes:English/ætʃ/1 syllable",
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"en:Dogs",
"en:Female animals",
"en:Female people",
"pl:Male people"
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"name": "root"
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{
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"2": "enm",
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"t": "hunting dog, especially a small scent hound; female dog, bitch (?); lapdog (?)"
},
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"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
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{
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{
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"3": "braccho"
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"expansion": "Old High German braccho",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Bracke"
},
"expansion": "German Bracke",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*brēkijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *brēkijaną",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "fragrō",
"t": "to emit a smell"
},
"expansion": "Latin fragrō (“to emit a smell”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bræhen",
"t": "to smell (something); to use the sense of smell; to have a (bad) smell"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German bræhen (“to smell (something); to use the sense of smell; to have a (bad) smell”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰreHg-",
"t": "to have a strong odour, to smell"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰreHg- (“to have a strong odour, to smell”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "2",
"2": "cognates"
},
"expansion": "cognates",
"name": "col-top"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "bracco"
},
"expansion": "Italian bracco",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la-med",
"2": "bracco"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin bracco",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "brac"
},
"expansion": "Occitan brac",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "braco"
},
"expansion": "Spanish braco",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English brache (“hunting dog, especially a small scent hound; female dog, bitch (?); lapdog (?)”), probably a back-formation from Old French brachès, brachez, the plural of brachet (“female scent hound”), a diminutive of brac, from Old High German braccho, bracco, bracko (“scent hound”) (modern German Bracke); further etymology uncertain, possibly from Proto-Germanic *brēkijaną (compare Latin fragrō (“to emit a smell”), Middle High German bræhen (“to smell (something); to use the sense of smell; to have a (bad) smell”)), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰreHg- (“to have a strong odour, to smell”).\ncognates\n* Italian bracco\n* Medieval Latin bracco\n* Occitan brac\n* Spanish braco",
"forms": [
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"form": "brachs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "braches",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
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"1": "en",
"2": "archaic"
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"name": "tlb"
}
],
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"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
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{
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],
"ref": "1596, Tho[mas] Nashe, “Dialogus”, in Haue with You to Saffron-Walden. Or, Gabriell Harveys Hunt is Up. […], London: […] John Danter, →OCLC; republished as J[ohn] P[ayne] C[ollier], editor, Have with You to Saffron-Walden (Miscellaneous Tracts; Temp. Eliz. and Jac. I), [London: s.n., 1870], →OCLC, page 134:",
"text": "In ſome countreys no woman is ſo honourable as she that hath to doo with moſt men, and can give the luſtieſt ſtriker oddes by 25 times in one night, as Meſſalina did; and ſo it is with this his bratche, or bitch-foxe.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
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87,
92
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],
"ref": "c. 1603–1606 (date written), [William Shakespeare], […] His True Chronicle Historie of the Life and Death of King Lear and His Three Daughters. […] (First Quarto), London: […] Nathaniel Butter, […], published 1608, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iv], signature [C4], verso:",
"text": "Truth is a dog that muſt to kenell, hee muſt be vvhipt out, vvhen Ladie oth'e [or the] brach may ſtand by the fire and ſtinke.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
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151,
156
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"ref": "c. 1603–1606 (date written), [William Shakespeare], […] His True Chronicle Historie of the Life and Death of King Lear and His Three Daughters. […] (First Quarto), London: […] Nathaniel Butter, […], published 1608, →OCLC, [Act III, scene vi], signature [G4], recto:",
"text": "[A]uant you curs, / Be thy mouth, or blacke, or vvhite, tooth that poyſons if it bite, / Maſtife, grayhoũd [grayhound], mungril, grim-hoũd or ſpaniel, brach or him, / Bobtaile tike, or trũdletaile [trundletail], Tom vvill make them vveep & vvaile, […]",
"type": "quotation"
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151,
157
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"ref": "1615, G[ervase] M[arkham], “[The Husbandmans Recreations: […].] Of Hunting, and of All the Particular Knowledges Belonging therunto.”, in Countrey Contentments, in Two Bookes: The First, Containing the Whole Art of Riding Great Horses in Very Short Time, […] The Second Intituled, The English Huswife: […], London: […] I[ohn] B[eale] for R[oger] Iackson, […], →OCLC, 1st section ([Of Hunting]), pages 25–26:",
"text": "[W]hen your Bratch is neere vvhelping, or hath vvhelpe; you ſhall ſeperate her from other Hounds, and haue a priuate Kennell for her, […] for vvhere a Bratch firſt vvhelpeth her litter, if they be remoued, ſhee vvil not leaue carrying her vvhelps vp and dovvne, til ſhee haue found the ſame place againe, or ſome other perhaps more vnfit then the former, […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
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"ref": "1621, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], “Non-necessary, Remote, Outward, Adventitious or Accidentall Causes: As First from the Nurse”, in The Anatomy of Melancholy, […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and Iames Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 1, section 2, member 4, subsection 1, page 190:",
"text": "A ſow pigge by chance ſucked a Brach, and vvhen ſhe vvas grovvne, vvould miraculouſly hunt all manner of Deere, and that as vvell or rather better then any ordinary hound.",
"type": "quotation"
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{
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98,
103
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"ref": "1848, Charles Kingsley, Junior, The Saint’s Tragedy; or, The True Story of Elizabeth of Hungary, […], London: John W[illiam] Parker, […], →OCLC, Act II, scene i, page 63:",
"text": "So we'll flatter them up, and we'll cocker them up, / Till we turn young brains; / And pamper the brach till we make her a wolf, / And get bit by the legs for our pains.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Originally, a synonym of scent hound (“a hunting dog that tracks prey using its sense of smell rather than by its vision”); later, any female hound; a bitch hound."
],
"links": [
[
"hunting",
"hunting#Noun"
],
[
"scent hound",
"scent hound#English"
],
[
"hunting dog",
"hunting dog"
],
[
"tracks",
"track#Verb"
],
[
"prey",
"prey#Noun"
],
[
"using",
"use#Verb"
],
[
"sense",
"sense#Noun"
],
[
"smell",
"smell#Noun"
],
[
"vision",
"vision#Noun"
],
[
"female",
"female#Adjective"
],
[
"hound",
"hound#Noun"
],
[
"bitch hound",
"bitch hound"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly hunting) Originally, a synonym of scent hound (“a hunting dog that tracks prey using its sense of smell rather than by its vision”); later, any female hound; a bitch hound."
],
"senseid": [
"en:hound"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "brachet"
}
],
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"topics": [
"hobbies",
"hunting",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English derogatory terms",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
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"ref": "1610 (first performance), Ben[jamin] Jonson, The Alchemist, London: […] Thomas Snodham, for Walter Burre, and are to be sold by Iohn Stepneth, […], published 1612, →OCLC, Act I, scene i, signature B2, verso:",
"text": "Avvay this Brach. I'll bring thee, Rogue, vvithin / The Statute of Sorcerie, triceſimo tertio [thirty-three] / Of Harry the eight: […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
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"ref": "c. 1632 (date written), Richard Brome, “The Weeding of the Covent-Garden. Or The Middlesex-Justice of Peace.”, in [Alex[ander] Brome], editor, Five New Playes, […], London: […] [J. T.] for A[ndrew] Crook[e] […], and for H[enry] Brome […], published 1659 (indicated as 1658), →OCLC, Act IV, scene i, page 56:",
"text": "Here's that ſhall ſtay your ſtomack better then the bit you ſnarle for. Thou greedy Brach thou.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
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[
97,
102
]
],
"ref": "1847 December, Ellis Bell [pseudonym; Emily Brontë], chapter XIV, in Wuthering Heights: […], volume I, London: Thomas Cautley Newby, […], →OCLC, page 340:",
"text": "Now, was it not the depth of absurdity—of genuine idiocy, for that pitiful, slavish, mean-minded brach to dream that I could love her?",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A despicable or disagreeable woman; a bitch."
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"despicable",
"despicable#Adjective"
],
[
"disagreeable",
"disagreeable#Adjective"
],
[
"woman",
"woman#Noun"
],
[
"bitch",
"bitch#Noun"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory) A despicable or disagreeable woman; a bitch."
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"derogatory"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɹæt͡ʃ/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-brach.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brach.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brach.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/20/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brach.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-brach.wav.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-brach.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-brach.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-brach.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8b/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-brach.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Naomi_Persephone_Amethyst_%28NaomiAmethyst%29-brach.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ætʃ"
}
],
"word": "brach"
}
{
"categories": [
"English clippings",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English heteronyms",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English nouns with irregular plurals",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/æk",
"Rhymes:English/æk/1 syllable",
"en:Brachiopods",
"en:Dogs",
"en:Female animals",
"en:Female people",
"pl:Male people"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "brachiopod",
"alt": "brach(iopod)"
},
"expansion": "Clipping of brach(iopod)",
"name": "clipping"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Clipping of brach(iopod).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "brachs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "s"
},
"expansion": "brach (plural brachs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "brachiopod"
}
],
"categories": [
"English clippings",
"English informal terms",
"en:Paleontology"
],
"glosses": [
"Clipping of brachiopod."
],
"links": [
[
"paleontology",
"paleontology"
],
[
"brachiopod",
"brachiopod#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(paleontology, informal) Clipping of brachiopod."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"archaic",
"clipping",
"informal"
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"history",
"human-sciences",
"natural-sciences",
"paleontology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɹæk/",
"tags": [
"General-American",
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-æk"
}
],
"word": "brach"
}
Download raw JSONL data for brach meaning in English (12.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.