"apophysis" meaning in English

See apophysis in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /əˈpɒfɪsɪs/ [UK], /əˈpɑfɪsɪs/ [General-American] Forms: apophyses [plural]
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἀπόφυσις (apóphusis, “offshoot”), from ἀπό (apó) + φύω (phúō, “to bring forth”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to exist, to grow”). Equivalent to apo- + -physis. Etymology templates: {{der|en|grc|ἀπόφυσις||offshoot}} Ancient Greek ἀπόφυσις (apóphusis, “offshoot”), {{der|en|ine-pro|*bʰuH-||to exist, to grow}} Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to exist, to grow”), {{confix|en|apo|physis}} apo- + -physis Head templates: {{en-noun|apophyses}} apophysis (plural apophyses)
  1. (anatomy) A natural outgrowth, swelling or enlargement, usually of an organism; a protuberance on a bone. Categories (topical): Anatomy Translations (outgrowth): ἀπόφυσις (apóphusis) [feminine] (Ancient Greek), apòfisi [feminine] (Catalan), apofyysi (Finnish), luu-uloke [bone, anatomy, medicine, sciences] (Finnish), apophyse [feminine] (French), apófise [feminine] (Galician), Fortsatz [masculine] (German), Knochenfortsatz [masculine] (German), απόφυση (apófysi) [feminine] (Greek), apofizo (Ido), apofisi [feminine] (Italian), apophysis (Latin), apófise [feminine] (Portuguese), апо́физ (apófiz) [masculine] (Russian), apófisis [feminine] (Spanish), apofys [common-gender] (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-apophysis-en-noun-iupZAvVr Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms prefixed with apo-, English terms suffixed with -physis, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Terms with Ancient Greek translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Ido translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 25 40 35 Disambiguation of English terms prefixed with apo-: 38 31 31 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -physis: 45 27 28 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 37 31 32 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 32 34 34 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 34 33 33 Disambiguation of Terms with Ancient Greek translations: 48 28 23 Disambiguation of Terms with Catalan translations: 43 29 28 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 43 29 28 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 45 27 28 Disambiguation of Terms with Galician translations: 43 29 28 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 43 29 28 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 41 32 27 Disambiguation of Terms with Ido translations: 44 28 28 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 44 28 28 Disambiguation of Terms with Latin translations: 44 28 28 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 47 24 29 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 45 30 25 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 44 28 28 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 44 28 28 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 44 29 27 Topics: anatomy, medicine, sciences Disambiguation of 'outgrowth': 97 2 1
  2. (botany) The external part of a cone scale. Categories (topical): Botany Translations (part of a cone): apofyysi (Finnish), apofiza [feminine] (Polish), apofys [common-gender] (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-apophysis-en-noun-ZXNC2OEA Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms prefixed with apo-, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 25 40 35 Disambiguation of English terms prefixed with apo-: 38 31 31 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 37 31 32 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 32 34 34 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 34 33 33 Topics: biology, botany, natural-sciences Disambiguation of 'part of a cone': 0 100 0
  3. (geology) A branch of a dike or vein. Categories (topical): Geology Translations (branch): apofyysi (Finnish), apófise [feminine] (Galician), απόφυση (apófysi) [feminine] (Greek), apofisi [feminine] (Italian), apofiza [feminine] (Polish), apófise [feminine] (Portuguese), апофи́за (apofíza) [feminine] (Russian), apofys [common-gender] (Swedish)
    Sense id: en-apophysis-en-noun-ehqHmUaq Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms prefixed with apo-, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 25 40 35 Disambiguation of English terms prefixed with apo-: 38 31 31 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 37 31 32 Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 32 34 34 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 34 33 33 Topics: geography, geology, natural-sciences Disambiguation of 'branch': 0 0 100
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "apophyseal"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "apophysitis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "basapophysis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "diapophysis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "hemapophysis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "hypapophysis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "hyperapophysis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "metapophysis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "neurapophysis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "parapophysis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "pleurapophysis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "synapophysis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "zygapophysis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "zygopophysis"
    }
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        "4": "",
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      "name": "der"
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      "args": {
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        "2": "apo",
        "3": "physis"
      },
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      "name": "confix"
    }
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  "forms": [
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      "form": "apophyses",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
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    }
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  "pos": "noun",
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          "ref": "1836, E. A. Poe, Maelzel's Chess-Player:",
          "text": "Every bone in the real duck had its representative in the automaton, and its wings were anatomically exact. Every cavity, apophysis, and curvature was imitated, and each bone executed its proper movements.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1913, A. Randell Jackson, “On the British Spiders of the Genus Microneta”, in Transactions of the Natural History Society of Northumberland, page 128:",
          "text": "In the male each palpal tibia shows a long narrow apophysis on the outerside.",
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        "A natural outgrowth, swelling or enlargement, usually of an organism; a protuberance on a bone."
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      "id": "en-apophysis-en-noun-iupZAvVr",
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          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
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          "outgrowth"
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          "swelling"
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          "enlargement",
          "enlargement"
        ],
        [
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          "organism"
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          "protuberance"
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          "bone",
          "bone"
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        "(anatomy) A natural outgrowth, swelling or enlargement, usually of an organism; a protuberance on a bone."
      ],
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        "medicine",
        "sciences"
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      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "97 2 1",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "outgrowth",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "apòfisi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 2 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "outgrowth",
          "word": "apofyysi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 2 1",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "outgrowth",
          "topics": [
            "bone",
            "anatomy",
            "medicine",
            "sciences"
          ],
          "word": "luu-uloke"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 2 1",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "outgrowth",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "apophyse"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 2 1",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "outgrowth",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "apófise"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 2 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "outgrowth",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Fortsatz"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 2 1",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "outgrowth",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Knochenfortsatz"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 2 1",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "apófysi",
          "sense": "outgrowth",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "απόφυση"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 2 1",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "apóphusis",
          "sense": "outgrowth",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "ἀπόφυσις"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 2 1",
          "code": "io",
          "lang": "Ido",
          "sense": "outgrowth",
          "word": "apofizo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 2 1",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "outgrowth",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "apofisi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 2 1",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "outgrowth",
          "word": "apophysis"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 2 1",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "outgrowth",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "apófise"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 2 1",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "apófiz",
          "sense": "outgrowth",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "апо́физ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "97 2 1",
          "code": "es",
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          "sense": "outgrowth",
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          ],
          "word": "apófisis"
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          "_dis1": "97 2 1",
          "code": "sv",
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          "sense": "outgrowth",
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          "word": "apofys"
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          "name": "Botany",
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      "glosses": [
        "The external part of a cone scale."
      ],
      "id": "en-apophysis-en-noun-ZXNC2OEA",
      "links": [
        [
          "botany",
          "botany"
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      "raw_glosses": [
        "(botany) The external part of a cone scale."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "botany",
        "natural-sciences"
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        {
          "_dis1": "0 100 0",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "part of a cone",
          "word": "apofyysi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100 0",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "part of a cone",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "apofiza"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100 0",
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          "sense": "part of a cone",
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            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "apofys"
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        {
          "ref": "1980, U.S. Government Printing Office, Geological Survey Professional Paper, Volume 1119",
          "text": "Minor palingenetic magmas probably were generated at this time and intruded the mantling rocks in the form of small sills and apophyses; …"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A branch of a dike or vein."
      ],
      "id": "en-apophysis-en-noun-ehqHmUaq",
      "links": [
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          "geology",
          "geology"
        ],
        [
          "dike",
          "dike"
        ],
        [
          "vein",
          "vein"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(geology) A branch of a dike or vein."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "geography",
        "geology",
        "natural-sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 100",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "branch",
          "word": "apofyysi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 100",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "branch",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "apófise"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 100",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "apófysi",
          "sense": "branch",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "απόφυση"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 100",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "branch",
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            "feminine"
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          "word": "apofisi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 100",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "branch",
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          "word": "apofiza"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 100",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "branch",
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            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "apófise"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 100",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "apofíza",
          "sense": "branch",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "апофи́за"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 100",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "branch",
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            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "apofys"
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      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/əˈpɒfɪsɪs/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/əˈpɑfɪsɪs/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "apophysis"
}
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    "Terms with Catalan translations",
    "Terms with Finnish translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with Galician translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Ido translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Polish translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Swedish translations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "apophyseal"
    },
    {
      "word": "apophysitis"
    },
    {
      "word": "basapophysis"
    },
    {
      "word": "diapophysis"
    },
    {
      "word": "hemapophysis"
    },
    {
      "word": "hypapophysis"
    },
    {
      "word": "hyperapophysis"
    },
    {
      "word": "metapophysis"
    },
    {
      "word": "neurapophysis"
    },
    {
      "word": "parapophysis"
    },
    {
      "word": "pleurapophysis"
    },
    {
      "word": "synapophysis"
    },
    {
      "word": "zygapophysis"
    },
    {
      "word": "zygopophysis"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "ἀπόφυσις",
        "4": "",
        "5": "offshoot"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek ἀπόφυσις (apóphusis, “offshoot”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰuH-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to exist, to grow"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to exist, to grow”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "apo",
        "3": "physis"
      },
      "expansion": "apo- + -physis",
      "name": "confix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek ἀπόφυσις (apóphusis, “offshoot”), from ἀπό (apó) + φύω (phúō, “to bring forth”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH- (“to exist, to grow”). Equivalent to apo- + -physis.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "apophyses",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "apophyses"
      },
      "expansion": "apophysis (plural apophyses)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned",
        "en:Anatomy"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1836, E. A. Poe, Maelzel's Chess-Player:",
          "text": "Every bone in the real duck had its representative in the automaton, and its wings were anatomically exact. Every cavity, apophysis, and curvature was imitated, and each bone executed its proper movements.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1913, A. Randell Jackson, “On the British Spiders of the Genus Microneta”, in Transactions of the Natural History Society of Northumberland, page 128:",
          "text": "In the male each palpal tibia shows a long narrow apophysis on the outerside.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A natural outgrowth, swelling or enlargement, usually of an organism; a protuberance on a bone."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "outgrowth",
          "outgrowth"
        ],
        [
          "swelling",
          "swelling"
        ],
        [
          "enlargement",
          "enlargement"
        ],
        [
          "organism",
          "organism"
        ],
        [
          "protuberance",
          "protuberance"
        ],
        [
          "bone",
          "bone"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy) A natural outgrowth, swelling or enlargement, usually of an organism; a protuberance on a bone."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Botany"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The external part of a cone scale."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "botany",
          "botany"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(botany) The external part of a cone scale."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "botany",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Geology"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1980, U.S. Government Printing Office, Geological Survey Professional Paper, Volume 1119",
          "text": "Minor palingenetic magmas probably were generated at this time and intruded the mantling rocks in the form of small sills and apophyses; …"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A branch of a dike or vein."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "geology",
          "geology"
        ],
        [
          "dike",
          "dike"
        ],
        [
          "vein",
          "vein"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(geology) A branch of a dike or vein."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "geography",
        "geology",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/əˈpɒfɪsɪs/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/əˈpɑfɪsɪs/",
      "tags": [
        "General-American"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "outgrowth",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "apòfisi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "outgrowth",
      "word": "apofyysi"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "outgrowth",
      "topics": [
        "bone",
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "word": "luu-uloke"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "outgrowth",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "apophyse"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "outgrowth",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "apófise"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "outgrowth",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Fortsatz"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "outgrowth",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Knochenfortsatz"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "apófysi",
      "sense": "outgrowth",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "απόφυση"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "apóphusis",
      "sense": "outgrowth",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "ἀπόφυσις"
    },
    {
      "code": "io",
      "lang": "Ido",
      "sense": "outgrowth",
      "word": "apofizo"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "outgrowth",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "apofisi"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "outgrowth",
      "word": "apophysis"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "outgrowth",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "apófise"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "apófiz",
      "sense": "outgrowth",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "апо́физ"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "outgrowth",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "apófisis"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "outgrowth",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "apofys"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "part of a cone",
      "word": "apofyysi"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "part of a cone",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "apofiza"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "part of a cone",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "apofys"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "branch",
      "word": "apofyysi"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "branch",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "apófise"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "apófysi",
      "sense": "branch",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "απόφυση"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "branch",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "apofisi"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "branch",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "apofiza"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "branch",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "apófise"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "apofíza",
      "sense": "branch",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "апофи́за"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "branch",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "apofys"
    }
  ],
  "word": "apophysis"
}

Download raw JSONL data for apophysis meaning in English (6.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.