"Nanjing" meaning in English

See Nanjing in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Proper name

IPA: /nænˈd͡ʒɪŋ/, /nɑnˈd͡ʒɪŋ/
Etymology: The atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 南京 (Nánjīng), composed of 南 (“south, southern”) and 京 (jīng, “capital”), distinguishing it from Beijing to the north, and first applied informally during the reign of the Yongle Emperor of the Ming Dynasty, who preferred to rule from Beijing but was obliged to treat Nanjing as a secondary capital by the dynastic injunctions of his father the Hongwu Emperor. The name continued a practice of several preceding dynasties—especially those of nomadic conquerers from the north such as the Jin and Liao—of maintaining a number of separate capitals designated by their cardinal directions. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|cmn-pinyin|-}} Hanyu Pinyin, {{bor|en|cmn|南京|tr=Nánjīng}} Mandarin 南京 (Nánjīng) Head templates: {{en-proper noun}} Nanjing
  1. A major city, the provincial capital of Jiangsu, China, on the lower Yangtze; a former capital of China. Categories (place): Cities in China, Cities in Jiangsu, Nanjing, Places in China, Places in Jiangsu Synonyms (capital of Jiangsu): Jiangning [historical]
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  2. (historical, informal) Synonym of Jiangnan, Nanzhili, Liangjiang, etc. as imperial Chinese provinces or viceroyalties administered from Nanjing. Tags: historical, informal Synonyms: Jiangnan [synonym, synonym-of], Nanzhili [synonym, synonym-of], Liangjiang [synonym, synonym-of], Nanking [dated, historical], Nankin, Nanquin, Nan-ching, Nanching [obsolete] Derived forms: Nanjinger, Nanjingese Coordinate_terms: Beijing
    Sense id: en-Nanjing-en-name-eZpn85O4
  3. (historical) Various other Chinese cities during periods when they acted as a southern capital of a kingdom or imperial dynasty. Tags: historical Translations (Chinese city): نَانْجِينْغ (nanjinḡ) [masculine] (Arabic), 南京 (Lâm-kiaⁿ) [Hokkien] (Chinese), 南京 (naam⁴ ging¹) (Chinese Cantonese), 南京 (Nánjīng) (Chinese Mandarin), Nankingo (Esperanto), Nankin (French), Nanking (German), 南京 (Nàm-kîn) (Hakka Chinese), Nanking (Hungarian), Nancsing (Hungarian), Nanchino [feminine] (Italian), 南京 (Nankin) (alt: なんきん) (Japanese), 金陵 (Kinryō) (alt: きんりょう) (Japanese), 난징 [Nanjing] (Korean), Nanchinum (Latin), Нанџинг (Nandžing) [masculine] (Macedonian), ᠨᠠᠨ ᡤᡳᠩ (nan ging) (Manchu), Nanquim (Portuguese), Нанки́н (Nankín) [masculine] (Russian), Наньцзи́н (Nanʹczín) [masculine, transliteration] (Russian), Nankín [feminine] (Spanish), నాంకింగు (nāṅkiṅgu) (Telugu), Nankin (Turkish), نەنجىڭ (nenjing) (Uyghur), Nam Kinh (Vietnamese), Namzging (Zhuang), Nanzgingh (Zhuang)
    Sense id: en-Nanjing-en-name-qRCzQEt- Disambiguation of 'Chinese city': 29 10 61

Alternative forms

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          "tags": [
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          "roman": "Nandžing",
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        },
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          "_dis1": "29 10 61",
          "code": "mnc",
          "lang": "Manchu",
          "roman": "nan ging",
          "sense": "Chinese city",
          "word": "ᠨᠠᠨ ᡤᡳᠩ"
        },
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          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "Chinese city",
          "word": "Nanquim"
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          "_dis1": "29 10 61",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "Nankín",
          "sense": "Chinese city",
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          "word": "Нанки́н"
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          "_dis1": "29 10 61",
          "code": "ru",
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          "roman": "Nanʹczín",
          "sense": "Chinese city",
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          "word": "Наньцзи́н"
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          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "Chinese city",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Nankín"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "29 10 61",
          "code": "te",
          "lang": "Telugu",
          "roman": "nāṅkiṅgu",
          "sense": "Chinese city",
          "word": "నాంకింగు"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "29 10 61",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "Chinese city",
          "word": "Nankin"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "29 10 61",
          "code": "ug",
          "lang": "Uyghur",
          "roman": "nenjing",
          "sense": "Chinese city",
          "word": "نەنجىڭ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "29 10 61",
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "Chinese city",
          "word": "Nam Kinh"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "29 10 61",
          "code": "za",
          "lang": "Zhuang",
          "sense": "Chinese city",
          "word": "Namzging"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "29 10 61",
          "code": "za",
          "lang": "Zhuang",
          "sense": "Chinese city",
          "word": "Nanzgingh"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/nænˈd͡ʒɪŋ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/nɑnˈd͡ʒɪŋ/"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Hongwu Emperor",
    "Ming Dynasty",
    "Nanjing",
    "Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge",
    "Yongle Emperor"
  ],
  "word": "Nanjing"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English proper nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from Hanyu Pinyin",
    "English terms borrowed from Mandarin",
    "English terms derived from Hanyu Pinyin",
    "English terms derived from Mandarin",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Entries with translation boxes",
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Terms with Arabic translations",
    "Terms with Cantonese translations",
    "Terms with Esperanto translations",
    "Terms with French translations",
    "Terms with German translations",
    "Terms with Hakka translations",
    "Terms with Hokkien translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Latin translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Manchu translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
    "Terms with Spanish translations",
    "Terms with Telugu translations",
    "Terms with Turkish translations",
    "Terms with Uyghur translations",
    "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
    "Terms with Zhuang translations"
  ],
  "coordinate_terms": [
    {
      "word": "Beijing"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "Nanjinger"
    },
    {
      "word": "Nanjingese"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "cmn-pinyin",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Hanyu Pinyin",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "cmn",
        "3": "南京",
        "tr": "Nánjīng"
      },
      "expansion": "Mandarin 南京 (Nánjīng)",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The atonal Hanyu Pinyin romanization of the Mandarin 南京 (Nánjīng), composed of 南 (“south, southern”) and 京 (jīng, “capital”), distinguishing it from Beijing to the north, and first applied informally during the reign of the Yongle Emperor of the Ming Dynasty, who preferred to rule from Beijing but was obliged to treat Nanjing as a secondary capital by the dynastic injunctions of his father the Hongwu Emperor. The name continued a practice of several preceding dynasties—especially those of nomadic conquerers from the north such as the Jin and Liao—of maintaining a number of separate capitals designated by their cardinal directions.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "Nanjing",
      "name": "en-proper noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "name",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Cities in China",
        "en:Cities in Jiangsu",
        "en:Nanjing",
        "en:Places in China",
        "en:Places in Jiangsu",
        "en:Provincial capitals of China"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "[1625, Samuel Purchas, Pvrchas His Pilgrimes, volume III, London, →OCLC, page 340:",
          "text": "That Riuer of Nanquin which I called (Yamſu or) Ianſu, the ſonne of the Sea, goeth Northward to Nanquin, and then returning ſomewhat Southward, runneth into the Sea with great force; fortie myles from which it paſſeth by Nanquin. And that from hence to Pequin there might bee paſſage by Riuers, the Kings of China haue deriued a large Channell from this to another Riuer, called the Yellow Riuer, ſuch being the colour of that troubled water. This is the other famous Riuer of that Kingdome, in greatneſſe and note, which ariſesth without the Kingdome to the Weſt, out of the Hill Cunlun, conjectured to bee the ſame whence Ganges ariſeth, or one neere to it.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2014 December 13, “China's Xi: Nanjing massacre undeniable”, in Deutsche Welle, archived from the original on 2016-04-25, Asia:",
          "text": "For the first time on Saturday, China held a national day of remembrance on the 77th anniversary of Japanese atrocities committed in the city of Nanjing in the run-up to World War II. President Xi Jinping led the commemorations in front of a crowd of some 10,000 people, among whom were survivors or relatives of victims of the \"Rape of Nanking,\" a six-week reign of terror during which the Imperial Japanese Army carried out mass killings and rapes.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2016 March 28, “Taiwanese semiconductor company announces large investment in China”, in EFE, archived from the original on 2022-09-08:",
          "text": "Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) chairman Morris Chang will sign a contract with the government of the eastern Chinese city of Nanjing to carry out the largest Taiwanese investment in China, Taiwan's Central News Agency (CNA) reported today.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A major city, the provincial capital of Jiangsu, China, on the lower Yangtze; a former capital of China."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "provincial capital",
          "provincial capital"
        ],
        [
          "Jiangsu",
          "Jiangsu#English"
        ],
        [
          "China",
          "China#English"
        ],
        [
          "lower",
          "lower"
        ],
        [
          "Yangtze",
          "Yangtze"
        ],
        [
          "former",
          "former"
        ],
        [
          "capital",
          "capital"
        ],
        [
          "China",
          "China"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English informal terms",
        "English terms with historical senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Synonym of Jiangnan, Nanzhili, Liangjiang, etc. as imperial Chinese provinces or viceroyalties administered from Nanjing."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Jiangnan",
          "Jiangnan#English"
        ],
        [
          "Nanzhili",
          "Nanzhili#English"
        ],
        [
          "Liangjiang",
          "Liangjiang#English"
        ],
        [
          "imperial",
          "imperial"
        ],
        [
          "Chinese",
          "Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "province",
          "province"
        ],
        [
          "viceroyalties",
          "viceroyalties"
        ],
        [
          "administer",
          "administer"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical, informal) Synonym of Jiangnan, Nanzhili, Liangjiang, etc. as imperial Chinese provinces or viceroyalties administered from Nanjing."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "etc. as imperial Chinese provinces or viceroyalties administered from Nanjing.",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "Jiangnan"
        },
        {
          "extra": "etc. as imperial Chinese provinces or viceroyalties administered from Nanjing.",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "Nanzhili"
        },
        {
          "extra": "etc. as imperial Chinese provinces or viceroyalties administered from Nanjing.",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "Liangjiang"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical",
        "informal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with historical senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Various other Chinese cities during periods when they acted as a southern capital of a kingdom or imperial dynasty."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Various",
          "various"
        ],
        [
          "other",
          "other"
        ],
        [
          "Chinese",
          "Chinese"
        ],
        [
          "cities",
          "cities"
        ],
        [
          "period",
          "period"
        ],
        [
          "act",
          "act"
        ],
        [
          "southern",
          "southern"
        ],
        [
          "capital",
          "capital"
        ],
        [
          "kingdom",
          "kingdom"
        ],
        [
          "imperial",
          "imperial"
        ],
        [
          "dynasty",
          "dynasty"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(historical) Various other Chinese cities during periods when they acted as a southern capital of a kingdom or imperial dynasty."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/nænˈd͡ʒɪŋ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/nɑnˈd͡ʒɪŋ/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "capital of Jiangsu",
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ],
      "word": "Jiangning"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "dated",
        "historical"
      ],
      "word": "Nanking"
    },
    {
      "word": "Nankin"
    },
    {
      "word": "Nanquin"
    },
    {
      "word": "Nan-ching"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "Nanching"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "nanjinḡ",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "نَانْجِينْغ"
    },
    {
      "code": "yue",
      "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
      "roman": "naam⁴ ging¹",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "word": "南京"
    },
    {
      "code": "hak",
      "lang": "Hakka Chinese",
      "roman": "Nàm-kîn",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "word": "南京"
    },
    {
      "code": "nan-hbl",
      "lang": "Chinese",
      "roman": "Lâm-kiaⁿ",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien"
      ],
      "word": "南京"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "Nánjīng",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "word": "南京"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "word": "Nankingo"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "word": "Nankin"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "word": "Nanking"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "word": "Nanking"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "word": "Nancsing"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Nanchino"
    },
    {
      "alt": "なんきん",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "Nankin",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "word": "南京"
    },
    {
      "alt": "きんりょう",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "Kinryō",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "word": "金陵"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "tags": [
        "Nanjing"
      ],
      "word": "난징"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "word": "Nanchinum"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "Nandžing",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Нанџинг"
    },
    {
      "code": "mnc",
      "lang": "Manchu",
      "roman": "nan ging",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "word": "ᠨᠠᠨ ᡤᡳᠩ"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "word": "Nanquim"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "Nankín",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Нанки́н"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "Nanʹczín",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "transliteration"
      ],
      "word": "Наньцзи́н"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Nankín"
    },
    {
      "code": "te",
      "lang": "Telugu",
      "roman": "nāṅkiṅgu",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "word": "నాంకింగు"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "word": "Nankin"
    },
    {
      "code": "ug",
      "lang": "Uyghur",
      "roman": "nenjing",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "word": "نەنجىڭ"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "word": "Nam Kinh"
    },
    {
      "code": "za",
      "lang": "Zhuang",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "word": "Namzging"
    },
    {
      "code": "za",
      "lang": "Zhuang",
      "sense": "Chinese city",
      "word": "Nanzgingh"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Hongwu Emperor",
    "Ming Dynasty",
    "Nanjing",
    "Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge",
    "Yongle Emperor"
  ],
  "word": "Nanjing"
}

Download raw JSONL data for Nanjing meaning in English (9.6kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.