See -ium in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -ium meaning in English (8.2kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-um",
"4": "",
"5": "neuter singular morphological suffix"
},
"expansion": "Latin -um (“neuter singular morphological suffix”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ferrum",
"3": "",
"4": "iron"
},
"expansion": "ferrum (“iron”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin -um (“neuter singular morphological suffix”), based on Latin terms for metals such as ferrum (“iron”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-ium",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ium",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Chemistry",
"orig": "en:Chemistry",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the names of metal elements, after the style of early-named elements, as well as the isotopes of hydrogen."
],
"id": "en--ium-en-suffix-5szn~kCM",
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
],
[
"element",
"element#English"
],
[
"isotope",
"isotope#English"
],
[
"hydrogen",
"hydrogen#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chemistry) Used to form the names of metal elements, after the style of early-named elements, as well as the isotopes of hydrogen."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Chemistry",
"orig": "en:Chemistry",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 42 9 6 2 14 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 63 10 2 7 2 7",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Element nomenclature",
"orig": "en:Element nomenclature",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the temporary systematic element name of a metallic or nonmetallic element which is postulated to exist, or which has been newly synthesized and has not yet been assigned a permanent name."
],
"id": "en--ium-en-suffix-Hh7eUUU~",
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
],
[
"temporary",
"temporary#English"
],
[
"systematic element name",
"systematic element name#English"
],
[
"metallic",
"metallic#English"
],
[
"nonmetallic",
"nonmetallic#English"
],
[
"postulated",
"postulate#Verb"
],
[
"synthesize",
"synthesize#English"
],
[
"assign",
"assign#English"
],
[
"permanent",
"permanent#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chemistry) Used to form the temporary systematic element name of a metallic or nonmetallic element which is postulated to exist, or which has been newly synthesized and has not yet been assigned a permanent name."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Chemistry",
"orig": "en:Chemistry",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the name of polyatomic cations."
],
"id": "en--ium-en-suffix-JsVc1Pzn",
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
],
[
"polyatomic",
"polyatomic#English"
],
[
"cation",
"cation#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chemistry) Used to form the name of polyatomic cations."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1997, Bryan Pfaffenberger, Official Microsoft Internet Explorer 4 book, page 34",
"text": "According to the FAQ, a site's coolness can be attributed to a trace element called coolium.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Jason Lethcoe, Wishing Well, appendix, page ii",
"text": "Stupidium: Exposure to this Element can cause very silly behavior.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2009, Selena Kitt, Quickies, page 91",
"text": "We're at the North Pole, aren't we? Let's just call the new element Santa Clausium!",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Appended to common words to create scientific-sounding or humorous-sounding fictional substance names."
],
"id": "en--ium-en-suffix-vQo~LHfb",
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension, humorous) Appended to common words to create scientific-sounding or humorous-sounding fictional substance names."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"humorous",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ium"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ium"
},
"expansion": "-ium",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Reanalysis from multiple Latin or New Latin compounds suffixed with -ium, whose function, among others, is to derive parasynthetic compounds.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-iums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ia",
"tags": [
"irregular",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "plural",
"4": "-iums",
"5": "irregular plural",
"6": "-ia"
},
"expansion": "-ium (plural -iums, irregular plural -ia)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "epithelium, pollinium",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the name of an aggregation or mass of something, such as biological tissue"
],
"id": "en--ium-en-suffix-EQ6IwjZZ",
"links": [
[
"aggregation",
"aggregation#English"
],
[
"mass",
"mass#English"
],
[
"biological",
"biological#English"
],
[
"tissue",
"tissue#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ium"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-tōrium"
},
"expansion": "-tōrium",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ārium"
},
"expansion": "-ārium",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ium"
},
"expansion": "-ium",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Reanalysis of Latin words suffixed with -tōrium, -ārium and -ium.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-iums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "plual -ia",
"tags": [
"irregular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "plural",
"4": "-iums",
"5": "irregular plual",
"6": "-ia"
},
"expansion": "-ium (plural -iums, irregular plual -ia)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "auditorium, gymnasium, planetarium",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to indicate the setting where a given activity is carried out"
],
"id": "en--ium-en-suffix-hDWbWZnm",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ium"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ammonium"
},
"expansion": "ammonium",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-onium"
},
"expansion": "-onium",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Reanalysis of ammonium or from -onium of the same source.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-ium",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ium",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Pharmaceutical drugs",
"orig": "en:Pharmaceutical drugs",
"parents": [
"Drugs",
"Matter",
"Pharmacology",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Biochemistry",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Alternative form: -onium"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form names of quaternary ammonium compounds used as neuromuscular blocking agents, cholinergic agents, anticholinergic agents, antibacterials/antiseptics, or other agents."
],
"id": "en--ium-en-suffix-H~gNKRIB",
"links": [
[
"pharmacology",
"pharmacology"
],
[
"quaternary ammonium compound",
"quaternary ammonium compound#English"
],
[
"neuromuscular blocking agent",
"w:neuromuscular-blocking drug"
],
[
"cholinergic",
"cholinergic#English"
],
[
"agent",
"agent#English"
],
[
"anticholinergic",
"anticholinergic#English"
],
[
"antibacterial",
"antibacterial#English"
],
[
"antiseptic",
"antiseptic#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(pharmacology) Used to form names of quaternary ammonium compounds used as neuromuscular blocking agents, cholinergic agents, anticholinergic agents, antibacterials/antiseptics, or other agents."
],
"related": [
{
"alt": "Etymology 1",
"word": "-um"
},
{
"word": "-ion"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pharmacology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "-ium"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English suffixes",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"en:Element nomenclature"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-um",
"4": "",
"5": "neuter singular morphological suffix"
},
"expansion": "Latin -um (“neuter singular morphological suffix”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ferrum",
"3": "",
"4": "iron"
},
"expansion": "ferrum (“iron”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin -um (“neuter singular morphological suffix”), based on Latin terms for metals such as ferrum (“iron”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-ium",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ium",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Chemistry"
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the names of metal elements, after the style of early-named elements, as well as the isotopes of hydrogen."
],
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
],
[
"element",
"element#English"
],
[
"isotope",
"isotope#English"
],
[
"hydrogen",
"hydrogen#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chemistry) Used to form the names of metal elements, after the style of early-named elements, as well as the isotopes of hydrogen."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Chemistry"
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the temporary systematic element name of a metallic or nonmetallic element which is postulated to exist, or which has been newly synthesized and has not yet been assigned a permanent name."
],
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
],
[
"temporary",
"temporary#English"
],
[
"systematic element name",
"systematic element name#English"
],
[
"metallic",
"metallic#English"
],
[
"nonmetallic",
"nonmetallic#English"
],
[
"postulated",
"postulate#Verb"
],
[
"synthesize",
"synthesize#English"
],
[
"assign",
"assign#English"
],
[
"permanent",
"permanent#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chemistry) Used to form the temporary systematic element name of a metallic or nonmetallic element which is postulated to exist, or which has been newly synthesized and has not yet been assigned a permanent name."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"en:Chemistry"
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the name of polyatomic cations."
],
"links": [
[
"chemistry",
"chemistry"
],
[
"polyatomic",
"polyatomic#English"
],
[
"cation",
"cation#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chemistry) Used to form the name of polyatomic cations."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"chemistry",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English humorous terms",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1997, Bryan Pfaffenberger, Official Microsoft Internet Explorer 4 book, page 34",
"text": "According to the FAQ, a site's coolness can be attributed to a trace element called coolium.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2007, Jason Lethcoe, Wishing Well, appendix, page ii",
"text": "Stupidium: Exposure to this Element can cause very silly behavior.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2009, Selena Kitt, Quickies, page 91",
"text": "We're at the North Pole, aren't we? Let's just call the new element Santa Clausium!",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Appended to common words to create scientific-sounding or humorous-sounding fictional substance names."
],
"links": [
[
"humorous",
"humorous"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(by extension, humorous) Appended to common words to create scientific-sounding or humorous-sounding fictional substance names."
],
"tags": [
"broadly",
"humorous",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ium"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English suffixes",
"en:Element nomenclature"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ium"
},
"expansion": "-ium",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Reanalysis from multiple Latin or New Latin compounds suffixed with -ium, whose function, among others, is to derive parasynthetic compounds.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-iums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ia",
"tags": [
"irregular",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "plural",
"4": "-iums",
"5": "irregular plural",
"6": "-ia"
},
"expansion": "-ium (plural -iums, irregular plural -ia)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "epithelium, pollinium",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form the name of an aggregation or mass of something, such as biological tissue"
],
"links": [
[
"aggregation",
"aggregation#English"
],
[
"mass",
"mass#English"
],
[
"biological",
"biological#English"
],
[
"tissue",
"tissue#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ium"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English suffixes",
"en:Element nomenclature"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-tōrium"
},
"expansion": "-tōrium",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ārium"
},
"expansion": "-ārium",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ium"
},
"expansion": "-ium",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Reanalysis of Latin words suffixed with -tōrium, -ārium and -ium.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-iums",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "plual -ia",
"tags": [
"irregular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"3": "plural",
"4": "-iums",
"5": "irregular plual",
"6": "-ia"
},
"expansion": "-ium (plural -iums, irregular plual -ia)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "auditorium, gymnasium, planetarium",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to indicate the setting where a given activity is carried out"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-ium"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English suffixes",
"en:Element nomenclature"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ammonium"
},
"expansion": "ammonium",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-onium"
},
"expansion": "-onium",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Reanalysis of ammonium or from -onium of the same source.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-ium",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-ium",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"alt": "Etymology 1",
"word": "-um"
},
{
"word": "-ion"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"en:Pharmaceutical drugs"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Alternative form: -onium"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Used to form names of quaternary ammonium compounds used as neuromuscular blocking agents, cholinergic agents, anticholinergic agents, antibacterials/antiseptics, or other agents."
],
"links": [
[
"pharmacology",
"pharmacology"
],
[
"quaternary ammonium compound",
"quaternary ammonium compound#English"
],
[
"neuromuscular blocking agent",
"w:neuromuscular-blocking drug"
],
[
"cholinergic",
"cholinergic#English"
],
[
"agent",
"agent#English"
],
[
"anticholinergic",
"anticholinergic#English"
],
[
"antibacterial",
"antibacterial#English"
],
[
"antiseptic",
"antiseptic#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(pharmacology) Used to form names of quaternary ammonium compounds used as neuromuscular blocking agents, cholinergic agents, anticholinergic agents, antibacterials/antiseptics, or other agents."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"pharmacology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"word": "-ium"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (4d5d0bb and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.