"ruig" meaning in Dutch

See ruig in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /rœy̯x/ Audio: Nl-ruig.ogg
Rhymes: -œy̯x Etymology: From Middle Dutch ruuch, ru, rou, from Old Dutch *rūh, *rū, from Proto-Germanic *rūhaz, *rūhwaz. The original stem ended in -h-, which disappeared between vowels, giving *rū- in the inflected forms in Old Dutch. This then gave rise to an alternative uninflected form *rū, which developed into Middle Dutch ru, rou, modern Dutch ruw, rouw. The original uninflected form was back-formed to ruig based on other words with -ch in the uninflected form and -g- in inflected forms, similar to what happened to hoog. Etymology templates: {{inh|nl|dum|ruuch}} Middle Dutch ruuch, {{m|dum|ru}} ru, {{m|dum|rou}} rou, {{inh|nl|odt|*rūh}} Old Dutch *rūh, {{m|odt|*rū}} *rū, {{inh|nl|gem-pro|*rūhaz}} Proto-Germanic *rūhaz, {{m|gem-pro|*rūhwaz}} *rūhwaz, {{m|odt|*rū-}} *rū-, {{m|odt|*rū}} *rū, {{m|dum|ru}} ru, {{m|dum|rou}} rou, {{m|nl|ruw}} ruw, {{m|nl|rouw}} rouw, {{m|nl|ruig}} ruig, {{m|nl|hoog}} hoog Head templates: {{nl-adj}} ruig (comparative ruiger, superlative ruigst) Inflection templates: {{nl-decl-adj}} Forms: ruiger [comparative], ruigst [superlative], no-table-tags [table-tags], ruig [adverbial, positive, predicative], ruiger [adverbial, comparative, predicative], het ruigst [adverbial, predicative, superlative], het ruigste [adverbial, predicative, superlative], ruige [feminine, indefinite, masculine, positive, singular], ruigere [comparative, feminine, indefinite, masculine, singular], ruigste [feminine, indefinite, masculine, singular, superlative], ruig [indefinite, neuter, positive, singular], ruiger [comparative, indefinite, neuter, singular], ruigste [indefinite, neuter, singular, superlative], ruige [indefinite, plural, positive], ruigere [comparative, indefinite, plural], ruigste [indefinite, plural, superlative], ruige [definite, positive], ruigere [comparative, definite], ruigste [definite, superlative], ruigs [partitive, positive], ruigers [comparative, partitive], - [partitive, superlative]
  1. rough, rugged, bristly
    Sense id: en-ruig-nl-adj-bGpzh5WO Categories (other): Dutch entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Dutch entries with incorrect language header: 93 7
  2. raucous, boisterous
    Sense id: en-ruig-nl-adj-Hm2jSH5N
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: grof, rauw, ruw Derived forms: ruigaard, ruigheid, ruigpootbuizerd, ruigte

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for ruig meaning in Dutch (5.0kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ruigaard"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ruigheid"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ruigpootbuizerd"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ruigte"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "ruuch"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch ruuch",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "ru"
      },
      "expansion": "ru",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "rou"
      },
      "expansion": "rou",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*rūh"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *rūh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "odt",
        "2": "*rū"
      },
      "expansion": "*rū",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*rūhaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rūhaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*rūhwaz"
      },
      "expansion": "*rūhwaz",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "odt",
        "2": "*rū-"
      },
      "expansion": "*rū-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "odt",
        "2": "*rū"
      },
      "expansion": "*rū",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "ru"
      },
      "expansion": "ru",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "rou"
      },
      "expansion": "rou",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "ruw"
      },
      "expansion": "ruw",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "rouw"
      },
      "expansion": "rouw",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "ruig"
      },
      "expansion": "ruig",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "hoog"
      },
      "expansion": "hoog",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch ruuch, ru, rou, from Old Dutch *rūh, *rū, from Proto-Germanic *rūhaz, *rūhwaz. The original stem ended in -h-, which disappeared between vowels, giving *rū- in the inflected forms in Old Dutch. This then gave rise to an alternative uninflected form *rū, which developed into Middle Dutch ru, rou, modern Dutch ruw, rouw. The original uninflected form was back-formed to ruig based on other words with -ch in the uninflected form and -g- in inflected forms, similar to what happened to hoog.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ruiger",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigst",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nl-decl-adj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruig",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "positive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruiger",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "comparative",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "het ruigst",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "predicative",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "het ruigste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "predicative",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruige",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "positive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigere",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruig",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "positive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruiger",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruige",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigere",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruige",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigere",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigers",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "partitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ruig (comparative ruiger, superlative ruigst)",
      "name": "nl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "nl-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "93 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "rough, rugged, bristly"
      ],
      "id": "en-ruig-nl-adj-bGpzh5WO",
      "links": [
        [
          "rough",
          "rough"
        ],
        [
          "rugged",
          "rugged"
        ],
        [
          "bristly",
          "bristly"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "raucous, boisterous"
      ],
      "id": "en-ruig-nl-adj-Hm2jSH5N",
      "links": [
        [
          "raucous",
          "raucous"
        ],
        [
          "boisterous",
          "boisterous"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/rœy̯x/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-œy̯x"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-ruig.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/Nl-ruig.ogg/Nl-ruig.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Nl-ruig.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "grof"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "rauw"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ruw"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ruig"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Dutch adjectives",
    "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Dutch lemmas",
    "Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Dutch terms with audio links",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/œy̯x",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/œy̯x/1 syllable"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "ruigaard"
    },
    {
      "word": "ruigheid"
    },
    {
      "word": "ruigpootbuizerd"
    },
    {
      "word": "ruigte"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "ruuch"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch ruuch",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "ru"
      },
      "expansion": "ru",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "rou"
      },
      "expansion": "rou",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*rūh"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *rūh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "odt",
        "2": "*rū"
      },
      "expansion": "*rū",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*rūhaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rūhaz",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*rūhwaz"
      },
      "expansion": "*rūhwaz",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "odt",
        "2": "*rū-"
      },
      "expansion": "*rū-",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "odt",
        "2": "*rū"
      },
      "expansion": "*rū",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "ru"
      },
      "expansion": "ru",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "dum",
        "2": "rou"
      },
      "expansion": "rou",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "ruw"
      },
      "expansion": "ruw",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "rouw"
      },
      "expansion": "rouw",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "ruig"
      },
      "expansion": "ruig",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "hoog"
      },
      "expansion": "hoog",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch ruuch, ru, rou, from Old Dutch *rūh, *rū, from Proto-Germanic *rūhaz, *rūhwaz. The original stem ended in -h-, which disappeared between vowels, giving *rū- in the inflected forms in Old Dutch. This then gave rise to an alternative uninflected form *rū, which developed into Middle Dutch ru, rou, modern Dutch ruw, rouw. The original uninflected form was back-formed to ruig based on other words with -ch in the uninflected form and -g- in inflected forms, similar to what happened to hoog.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ruiger",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigst",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nl-decl-adj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruig",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "positive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruiger",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "comparative",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "het ruigst",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "predicative",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "het ruigste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "predicative",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruige",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "positive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigere",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruig",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "positive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruiger",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruige",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigere",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruige",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigere",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigers",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "partitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ruig (comparative ruiger, superlative ruigst)",
      "name": "nl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "nl-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "rough, rugged, bristly"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rough",
          "rough"
        ],
        [
          "rugged",
          "rugged"
        ],
        [
          "bristly",
          "bristly"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "raucous, boisterous"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "raucous",
          "raucous"
        ],
        [
          "boisterous",
          "boisterous"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/rœy̯x/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-œy̯x"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-ruig.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/Nl-ruig.ogg/Nl-ruig.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Nl-ruig.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "grof"
    },
    {
      "word": "rauw"
    },
    {
      "word": "ruw"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ruig"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.