"ruig" meaning in All languages combined

See ruig on Wiktionary

Adjective [Dutch]

IPA: /rœy̯x/ Audio: Nl-ruig.ogg
Rhymes: -œy̯x Etymology: From Middle Dutch ruuch, ru, rou, from Old Dutch *rūh, *rū, from Proto-Germanic *rūhaz, *rūhwaz. The original stem ended in -h-, which disappeared between vowels, giving *rū- in the inflected forms in Old Dutch. This then gave rise to an alternative uninflected form *rū, which developed into Middle Dutch ru, rou, modern Dutch ruw, rouw. The original uninflected form was back-formed to ruig based on other words with -ch in the uninflected form and -g- in inflected forms, similar to what happened to hoog. Etymology templates: {{inh|nl|dum|ruuch}} Middle Dutch ruuch, {{inh|nl|odt|*rūh}} Old Dutch *rūh, {{inh|nl|gem-pro|*rūhaz}} Proto-Germanic *rūhaz Head templates: {{nl-adj}} ruig (comparative ruiger, superlative ruigst) Inflection templates: {{nl-decl-adj}} Forms: ruiger [comparative], ruigst [superlative], no-table-tags [table-tags], ruig [adverbial, positive, predicative], ruiger [adverbial, comparative, predicative], het ruigst [adverbial, predicative, superlative], het ruigste [adverbial, predicative, superlative], ruige [feminine, indefinite, masculine, positive, singular], ruigere [comparative, feminine, indefinite, masculine, singular], ruigste [feminine, indefinite, masculine, singular, superlative], ruig [indefinite, neuter, positive, singular], ruiger [comparative, indefinite, neuter, singular], ruigste [indefinite, neuter, singular, superlative], ruige [indefinite, plural, positive], ruigere [comparative, indefinite, plural], ruigste [indefinite, plural, superlative], ruige [definite, positive], ruigere [comparative, definite], ruigste [definite, superlative], ruigs [partitive, positive], ruigers [comparative, partitive], - [partitive, superlative]
  1. rough, rugged, bristly
    Sense id: en-ruig-nl-adj-bGpzh5WO Categories (other): Dutch entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Dutch entries with incorrect language header: 93 7 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 49 0 24 28 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 50 0 23 27
  2. raucous, boisterous
    Sense id: en-ruig-nl-adj-Hm2jSH5N
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: grof, rauw, ruw Derived forms: ruigaard, ruigheid, ruigpootbuizerd, ruigte

Verb [Scottish Gaelic]

Forms: ràinig [past], ruigidh [future], ruigsinn [noun-from-verb], ruighinn [noun-from-verb], ruigheachd [noun-from-verb], ruigte [participle, past]
Etymology: From Old Irish ro·icc. Etymology templates: {{root|gd|ine-pro|*h₂neḱ-}}, {{inh|gd|sga|ro·icc}} Old Irish ro·icc Head templates: {{head|gd|verb|past|ràinig|||future|ruigidh|||verbal noun|ruigsinn|or|ruighinn|or|ruigheachd|past participle|ruigte|head=}} ruig (past ràinig, future ruigidh, verbal noun ruigsinn or ruighinn or ruigheachd, past participle ruigte), {{gd-verb|fut=ruigidh|past=ràinig|pp=ruigte|vn=ruigsinn|vn2=ruighinn|vn3=ruigheachd}} ruig (past ràinig, future ruigidh, verbal noun ruigsinn or ruighinn or ruigheachd, past participle ruigte)
  1. reach
    Sense id: en-ruig-gd-verb-7UVh9oXx Categories (other): Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header: 46 54
  2. arrive
    Sense id: en-ruig-gd-verb-bcCaMAdH Categories (other): Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header: 46 54
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: ruigidh each mall muileann

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ruigaard"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ruigheid"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ruigpootbuizerd"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ruigte"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "ruuch"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch ruuch",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*rūh"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *rūh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*rūhaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rūhaz",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch ruuch, ru, rou, from Old Dutch *rūh, *rū, from Proto-Germanic *rūhaz, *rūhwaz.\nThe original stem ended in -h-, which disappeared between vowels, giving *rū- in the inflected forms in Old Dutch. This then gave rise to an alternative uninflected form *rū, which developed into Middle Dutch ru, rou, modern Dutch ruw, rouw. The original uninflected form was back-formed to ruig based on other words with -ch in the uninflected form and -g- in inflected forms, similar to what happened to hoog.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ruiger",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigst",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nl-decl-adj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruig",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "positive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruiger",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "comparative",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "het ruigst",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "predicative",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "het ruigste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "predicative",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruige",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "positive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigere",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruig",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "positive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruiger",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruige",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigere",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruige",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigere",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigers",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "partitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ruig (comparative ruiger, superlative ruigst)",
      "name": "nl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "nl-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "93 7",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "49 0 24 28",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "50 0 23 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "rough, rugged, bristly"
      ],
      "id": "en-ruig-nl-adj-bGpzh5WO",
      "links": [
        [
          "rough",
          "rough"
        ],
        [
          "rugged",
          "rugged"
        ],
        [
          "bristly",
          "bristly"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "raucous, boisterous"
      ],
      "id": "en-ruig-nl-adj-Hm2jSH5N",
      "links": [
        [
          "raucous",
          "raucous"
        ],
        [
          "boisterous",
          "boisterous"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/rœy̯x/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-ruig.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/Nl-ruig.ogg/Nl-ruig.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Nl-ruig.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-œy̯x"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "grof"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "rauw"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ruw"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ruig"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "ruigidh each mall muileann"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gd",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂neḱ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gd",
        "2": "sga",
        "3": "ro·icc"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish ro·icc",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Irish ro·icc.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ràinig",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigidh",
      "tags": [
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigsinn",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruighinn",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigheachd",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigte",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gd",
        "10": "",
        "11": "verbal noun",
        "12": "ruigsinn",
        "13": "or",
        "14": "ruighinn",
        "15": "or",
        "16": "ruigheachd",
        "17": "past participle",
        "18": "ruigte",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "past",
        "4": "ràinig",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "future",
        "8": "ruigidh",
        "9": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ruig (past ràinig, future ruigidh, verbal noun ruigsinn or ruighinn or ruigheachd, past participle ruigte)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "fut": "ruigidh",
        "past": "ràinig",
        "pp": "ruigte",
        "vn": "ruigsinn",
        "vn2": "ruighinn",
        "vn3": "ruigheachd"
      },
      "expansion": "ruig (past ràinig, future ruigidh, verbal noun ruigsinn or ruighinn or ruigheachd, past participle ruigte)",
      "name": "gd-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
  "lang_code": "gd",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "46 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "reach"
      ],
      "id": "en-ruig-gd-verb-7UVh9oXx",
      "links": [
        [
          "reach",
          "reach"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "46 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "arrive"
      ],
      "id": "en-ruig-gd-verb-bcCaMAdH",
      "links": [
        [
          "arrive",
          "arrive"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ruig"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Dutch adjectives",
    "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Dutch lemmas",
    "Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
    "Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
    "Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/œy̯x",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/œy̯x/1 syllable"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "ruigaard"
    },
    {
      "word": "ruigheid"
    },
    {
      "word": "ruigpootbuizerd"
    },
    {
      "word": "ruigte"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "dum",
        "3": "ruuch"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Dutch ruuch",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "odt",
        "3": "*rūh"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Dutch *rūh",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*rūhaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rūhaz",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch ruuch, ru, rou, from Old Dutch *rūh, *rū, from Proto-Germanic *rūhaz, *rūhwaz.\nThe original stem ended in -h-, which disappeared between vowels, giving *rū- in the inflected forms in Old Dutch. This then gave rise to an alternative uninflected form *rū, which developed into Middle Dutch ru, rou, modern Dutch ruw, rouw. The original uninflected form was back-formed to ruig based on other words with -ch in the uninflected form and -g- in inflected forms, similar to what happened to hoog.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ruiger",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigst",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nl-decl-adj",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruig",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "positive",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruiger",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "comparative",
        "predicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "het ruigst",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "predicative",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "het ruigste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "predicative",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruige",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "positive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigere",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "indefinite",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruig",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "positive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruiger",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruige",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigere",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruige",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigere",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigste",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "positive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigers",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "partitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ruig (comparative ruiger, superlative ruigst)",
      "name": "nl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "nl-decl-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "rough, rugged, bristly"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rough",
          "rough"
        ],
        [
          "rugged",
          "rugged"
        ],
        [
          "bristly",
          "bristly"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "raucous, boisterous"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "raucous",
          "raucous"
        ],
        [
          "boisterous",
          "boisterous"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/rœy̯x/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Nl-ruig.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/88/Nl-ruig.ogg/Nl-ruig.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/88/Nl-ruig.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-œy̯x"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "grof"
    },
    {
      "word": "rauw"
    },
    {
      "word": "ruw"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ruig"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Scottish Gaelic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Scottish Gaelic irregular verbs",
    "Scottish Gaelic lemmas",
    "Scottish Gaelic terms derived from Old Irish",
    "Scottish Gaelic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Scottish Gaelic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂neḱ-",
    "Scottish Gaelic terms inherited from Old Irish",
    "Scottish Gaelic verbs"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "ruigidh each mall muileann"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gd",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂neḱ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gd",
        "2": "sga",
        "3": "ro·icc"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish ro·icc",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Irish ro·icc.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ràinig",
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigidh",
      "tags": [
        "future"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigsinn",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruighinn",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigheachd",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ruigte",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gd",
        "10": "",
        "11": "verbal noun",
        "12": "ruigsinn",
        "13": "or",
        "14": "ruighinn",
        "15": "or",
        "16": "ruigheachd",
        "17": "past participle",
        "18": "ruigte",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "past",
        "4": "ràinig",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "future",
        "8": "ruigidh",
        "9": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "ruig (past ràinig, future ruigidh, verbal noun ruigsinn or ruighinn or ruigheachd, past participle ruigte)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "fut": "ruigidh",
        "past": "ràinig",
        "pp": "ruigte",
        "vn": "ruigsinn",
        "vn2": "ruighinn",
        "vn3": "ruigheachd"
      },
      "expansion": "ruig (past ràinig, future ruigidh, verbal noun ruigsinn or ruighinn or ruigheachd, past participle ruigte)",
      "name": "gd-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
  "lang_code": "gd",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "reach"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "reach",
          "reach"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "arrive"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "arrive",
          "arrive"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ruig"
}

Download raw JSONL data for ruig meaning in All languages combined (6.1kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.