See pijnigen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "pijniging"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "pien"
},
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "pienig"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "pinigen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch pinigen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "pīnigon"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch pīnigon",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch pinigen, from Old Dutch pīnigon.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnig",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnig",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnige",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnig",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gepijnigd",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pijnigen",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pij",
"ni",
"gen"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pijnig"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "pijn"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 32 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 34 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 19 34",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "nl",
"name": "Pain",
"orig": "nl:Pain",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
47,
55
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
26,
33
]
],
"english": "The dictator was known to torment his enemies.",
"text": "De dictator stond erom bekend zijn vijanden te pijnigen.",
"translation": "The dictator was known to torment his enemies.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
12
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
12
]
],
"english": "He tormented his mind with constant worries.",
"text": "Hij pijnigde zijn geest met constante zorgen.",
"translation": "He tormented his mind with constant worries.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
21,
30
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
19,
27
]
],
"english": "The prisoners were tortured in the medieval dungeon.",
"text": "De gevangenen werden gepijnigd in de middeleeuwse kerker.",
"translation": "The prisoners were tortured in the medieval dungeon.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to torment, torture"
],
"id": "en-pijnigen-nl-verb-0ceHlVZZ",
"links": [
[
"torment",
"torment"
],
[
"torture",
"torture"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to torment, torture"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "folteren"
},
{
"word": "martelen"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 32 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 34 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
28,
36
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
22,
26
]
],
"english": "Why would you want to hurt someone you love?",
"text": "Waarom zou je iemand willen pijnigen die je liefhebt?",
"translation": "Why would you want to hurt someone you love?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
37,
45
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
17,
21
]
],
"english": "I didn't mean to harm you.",
"text": "Het was niet mijn bedoeling om je te pijnigen.",
"translation": "I didn't mean to harm you.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
11
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
4,
8
]
],
"english": "She hurt her hand when she tried to open the window.",
"text": "Ze pijnigde haar hand toen ze probeerde het raam te openen.",
"translation": "She hurt her hand when she tried to open the window.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hurt, to harm"
],
"id": "en-pijnigen-nl-verb-O1vrlQ5C",
"links": [
[
"hurt",
"hurt"
],
[
"harm",
"harm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to hurt, to harm"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bezeren"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "33 32 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 34 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to make a great, painstaking effort"
],
"id": "en-pijnigen-nl-verb-AZo12-bZ",
"links": [
[
"effort",
"effort"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive) to make a great, painstaking effort"
],
"tags": [
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛi̯.nə.ɣə(n)/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-pijnigen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/Nl-pijnigen.ogg/Nl-pijnigen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Nl-pijnigen.ogg"
}
],
"word": "pijnigen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Dutch basic verbs",
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch terms derived from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Middle Dutch",
"Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Dutch verbs",
"Dutch weak verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"nl:Pain"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "pijniging"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "pien"
},
{
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "pienig"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "dum",
"3": "pinigen"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch pinigen",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "odt",
"3": "pīnigon"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch pīnigon",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Dutch pinigen, from Old Dutch pīnigon.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "nl-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnig",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnig",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"Flanders",
"colloquial",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"formal",
"majestic",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnige",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigde",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnig",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigt",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"archaic",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "pijnigend",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gepijnigd",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pijnigen",
"name": "nl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pij",
"ni",
"gen"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pijnig"
},
"name": "nl-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "pijn"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch terms with usage examples",
"Dutch transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
47,
55
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
26,
33
]
],
"english": "The dictator was known to torment his enemies.",
"text": "De dictator stond erom bekend zijn vijanden te pijnigen.",
"translation": "The dictator was known to torment his enemies.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
12
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
3,
12
]
],
"english": "He tormented his mind with constant worries.",
"text": "Hij pijnigde zijn geest met constante zorgen.",
"translation": "He tormented his mind with constant worries.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
21,
30
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
19,
27
]
],
"english": "The prisoners were tortured in the medieval dungeon.",
"text": "De gevangenen werden gepijnigd in de middeleeuwse kerker.",
"translation": "The prisoners were tortured in the medieval dungeon.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to torment, torture"
],
"links": [
[
"torment",
"torment"
],
[
"torture",
"torture"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to torment, torture"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "folteren"
},
{
"word": "martelen"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Dutch terms with usage examples",
"Dutch transitive verbs"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
28,
36
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
22,
26
]
],
"english": "Why would you want to hurt someone you love?",
"text": "Waarom zou je iemand willen pijnigen die je liefhebt?",
"translation": "Why would you want to hurt someone you love?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
37,
45
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
17,
21
]
],
"english": "I didn't mean to harm you.",
"text": "Het was niet mijn bedoeling om je te pijnigen.",
"translation": "I didn't mean to harm you.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
11
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
4,
8
]
],
"english": "She hurt her hand when she tried to open the window.",
"text": "Ze pijnigde haar hand toen ze probeerde het raam te openen.",
"translation": "She hurt her hand when she tried to open the window.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hurt, to harm"
],
"links": [
[
"hurt",
"hurt"
],
[
"harm",
"harm"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to hurt, to harm"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bezeren"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Dutch reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to make a great, painstaking effort"
],
"links": [
[
"effort",
"effort"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive) to make a great, painstaking effort"
],
"tags": [
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛi̯.nə.ɣə(n)/"
},
{
"audio": "Nl-pijnigen.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/Nl-pijnigen.ogg/Nl-pijnigen.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1e/Nl-pijnigen.ogg"
}
],
"word": "pijnigen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pijnigen meaning in Dutch (6.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.