See 秘書 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 秘書 meaning in Chinese (5.7kB)
{
"etymology_text": "In premodern China, originally the title for a government position in charge of reports to the throne, and imperial correspondence and directives.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "秘書",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Intermediate Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin words containing toneless variants",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "zh:Occupations",
"parents": [
"People",
"Work",
"Human",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "People",
"orig": "zh:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "wénmì",
"word": "文秘"
},
{
"roman": "mìshūchù",
"word": "秘書處"
},
{
"roman": "mìshūchù",
"word": "秘书处"
},
{
"roman": "mìshūzhǎng",
"word": "秘書長"
},
{
"roman": "mìshūzhǎng",
"word": "秘书长"
}
],
"glosses": [
"secretary (person who does clerical work)"
],
"id": "en-秘書-zh-noun-CtXILtCC",
"links": [
[
"secretary",
"secretary"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "幹事"
},
{
"word": "干事"
},
{
"roman": "wénshū",
"word": "文書"
},
{
"roman": "wénshū",
"word": "文书"
},
{
"roman": "shūjì",
"word": "書記"
},
{
"roman": "shūjì",
"word": "书记"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mìshū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄇㄧˋ ㄕㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "bei³ syu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'bi⁴ xy¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "pi-sû"
},
{
"zh-pron": "bé-cṳ̆"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "pì-su"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "pì-sir"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "pì-si"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "bi³ ze¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁵pi-sy"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "mìshū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "mìshu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄇㄧˋ ㄕㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄇㄧˋ ˙ㄕㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "mìshů"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "mi⁴-shu⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "mì-shu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "mih.shu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "мишу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "mišu"
},
{
"ipa": "/mi⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵/ ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": " /mi⁵¹ ʂu¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "bei syū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "bei³ sy¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "béi³ xu¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/pei̯³³ syː⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'bi⁴ xy¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi³⁵ ɕy⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "pi-sû"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "bi su´"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "bi⁴ su¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi⁵⁵ su²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "bé-cṳ̆"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ^((t͡s-))ʒy⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "pì-su"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "piesw"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ su³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Philippines"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pi²¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pi²¹⁻⁴¹ su⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pi¹¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "pì-sir"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sɯ³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "pì-si"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "piesy"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi²¹⁻⁵³ si⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "pì tsṳ"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sɯ³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵pi-sy"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "pi^去 sy"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "²pi-sr"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/pi³³ sz̩⁴⁴/"
},
{
"other": "/ pì-sir /"
},
{
"ipa": "/mi⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mi⁵¹ ʂu¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pei̯³³ syː⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi³⁵ ɕy⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi⁵⁵ su²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ^((t͡s-))ʒy⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ su³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi²¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi²¹⁻⁴¹ su⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi¹¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sɯ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi²¹⁻⁵³ si⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sɯ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi³³ sz̩⁴⁴/"
}
],
"word": "秘書"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "wénmì",
"word": "文秘"
},
{
"roman": "mìshūchù",
"word": "秘書處"
},
{
"roman": "mìshūchù",
"word": "秘书处"
},
{
"roman": "mìshūzhǎng",
"word": "秘書長"
},
{
"roman": "mìshūzhǎng",
"word": "秘书长"
}
],
"etymology_text": "In premodern China, originally the title for a government position in charge of reports to the throne, and imperial correspondence and directives.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "秘書",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "幹事"
},
{
"word": "干事"
},
{
"roman": "wénshū",
"word": "文書"
},
{
"roman": "wénshū",
"word": "文书"
},
{
"roman": "shūjì",
"word": "書記"
},
{
"roman": "shūjì",
"word": "书记"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese nouns",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Gan lemmas",
"Gan nouns",
"Hakka lemmas",
"Hakka nouns",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Hokkien nouns",
"Intermediate Mandarin",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin nouns",
"Mandarin terms with audio links",
"Mandarin terms with homophones",
"Mandarin words containing toneless variants",
"Teochew lemmas",
"Teochew nouns",
"Wu lemmas",
"Wu nouns",
"zh:Occupations",
"zh:People"
],
"glosses": [
"secretary (person who does clerical work)"
],
"links": [
[
"secretary",
"secretary"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "mìshū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄇㄧˋ ㄕㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "bei³ syu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'bi⁴ xy¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "pi-sû"
},
{
"zh-pron": "bé-cṳ̆"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "pì-su"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "pì-sir"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "pì-si"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "bi³ ze¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁵pi-sy"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "mìshū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "mìshu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄇㄧˋ ㄕㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard",
"toneless-final-syllable-variant"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄇㄧˋ ˙ㄕㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "mìshů"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "mi⁴-shu⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "mì-shu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "mih.shu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "мишу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "mišu"
},
{
"ipa": "/mi⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵/ ",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"ipa": " /mi⁵¹ ʂu¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "bei syū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "bei³ sy¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "béi³ xu¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/pei̯³³ syː⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "'bi⁴ xy¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi³⁵ ɕy⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Gan",
"Nanchang",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "pi-sû"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "bi su´"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "bi⁴ su¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi⁵⁵ su²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "bé-cṳ̆"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ^((t͡s-))ʒy⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "pì-su"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "piesw"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ su³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Philippines"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pi²¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pi²¹⁻⁴¹ su⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pi¹¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "pì-sir"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sɯ³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "pì-si"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "piesy"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi²¹⁻⁵³ si⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "pì tsṳ"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sɯ³³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁵pi-sy"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "pi^去 sy"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "²pi-sr"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/pi³³ sz̩⁴⁴/"
},
{
"other": "/ pì-sir /"
},
{
"ipa": "/mi⁵¹ ʂu⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/mi⁵¹ ʂu¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pei̯³³ syː⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈpi³⁵ ɕy⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi⁵⁵ su²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi²¹³⁻⁵⁵ ^((t͡s-))ʒy⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ su³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi²¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi²¹⁻⁴¹ su⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi¹¹⁻⁵³ su⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ sɯ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi²¹⁻⁵³ si⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi²¹³⁻⁵⁵ t͡sɯ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/pi³³ sz̩⁴⁴/"
}
],
"word": "秘書"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <sup> not properly closed",
"path": [
"秘書"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "秘書",
"trace": "started on line 28, detected on line 28"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </sup>",
"path": [
"秘書"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "秘書",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
"path": [
"秘書"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "秘書",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
"path": [
"秘書"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "秘書",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"秘書"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "秘書",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"秘書"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "秘書",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
"path": [
"秘書"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "秘書",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Northern)'",
"path": [
"秘書"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "秘書",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"秘書"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "秘書",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
"path": [
"秘書"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "秘書",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
"path": [
"秘書"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "秘書",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Shanghai):'",
"path": [
"秘書"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "秘書",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"秘書"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "秘書",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Chinese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (ae36afe and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.