See zu in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "euq-pro",
"3": "*zu",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Basque *zu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "euq-pro",
"3": "*zu"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Basque *zu",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Basque *zu, originally a second-person plural pronoun. Over time, it came to be used as a polite second-person singular pronoun; while hi went from being a general second-person singular pronoun to a strictly informal one. In all the written record it appears as a singular pronoun, but it might have survived as a plural pronoun up to the nineteenth century in parts of Biscay.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "forms zeu",
"tags": [
"emphatic"
]
},
{
"form": "zuhaur",
"tags": [
"emphatic"
]
},
{
"form": "zerori",
"tags": [
"emphatic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "eu-decl-pron",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "zu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"absolutive"
]
},
{
"form": "zuk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ergative"
]
},
{
"form": "zuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative"
]
},
{
"form": "zure",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "zurekin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
},
{
"form": "zugatik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "zuregatik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "zuretzat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"benefactive"
]
},
{
"form": "zuretako",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"benefactive"
]
},
{
"form": "zutaz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "zugan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "zuregan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "zure baitan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "zutan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "zu baitako",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "zure baitako",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "zugana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "zuregana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "zuganat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "zureganat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "zu baitara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "zure baitara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "zu baitarat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "zure baitarat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "zuganaino",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "zureganaino",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "zu baitaraino",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "zure baitaraino",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "zuganantz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"directive"
]
},
{
"form": "zureganantz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"directive"
]
},
{
"form": "zuganako",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"destinative"
]
},
{
"form": "zureganako",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"destinative"
]
},
{
"form": "zuganik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "zureganik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "zugandik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "zuregandik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "zu baitatik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "zu baitarik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "zure baitatik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "zure baitarik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "emphatic forms",
"4": "zeu, zuhaur, zerori",
"cat2": "personal pronouns"
},
"expansion": "zu (emphatic forms zeu, zuhaur, zerori)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "eu-decl-pron"
}
],
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Basque entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Basque personal pronouns",
"parents": [
"Personal pronouns",
"Pronouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Basque pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Second-person singular personal pronoun; you"
],
"id": "en-zu-eu-pron-LOw~NLLx",
"links": [
[
"you",
"you"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "zeu"
},
{
"word": "ni"
},
{
"word": "neu"
},
{
"word": "nihaur"
},
{
"word": "nerau"
},
{
"word": "gu"
},
{
"word": "geu"
},
{
"word": "guhaur"
},
{
"word": "gerok"
},
{
"word": "hi"
},
{
"word": "heu"
},
{
"word": "hihaur"
},
{
"word": "herori"
},
{
"word": "zuek"
},
{
"word": "zeuek"
},
{
"word": "zuhauek"
},
{
"word": "zerok"
},
{
"word": "zuhaur"
},
{
"word": "zerori"
},
{
"word": "use demonstrative and anaphoric pronouns"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q8752 (eus)-Aioramu-zu.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d3/LL-Q8752_%28eus%29-Aioramu-zu.wav/LL-Q8752_%28eus%29-Aioramu-zu.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d3/LL-Q8752_%28eus%29-Aioramu-zu.wav/LL-Q8752_%28eus%29-Aioramu-zu.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/s̻u/"
},
{
"ipa": "[s̻u]"
}
],
"word": "zu"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "euq-pro",
"3": "*zu",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Basque *zu",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "euq-pro",
"3": "*zu"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Basque *zu",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Basque *zu, originally a second-person plural pronoun. Over time, it came to be used as a polite second-person singular pronoun; while hi went from being a general second-person singular pronoun to a strictly informal one. In all the written record it appears as a singular pronoun, but it might have survived as a plural pronoun up to the nineteenth century in parts of Biscay.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "forms zeu",
"tags": [
"emphatic"
]
},
{
"form": "zuhaur",
"tags": [
"emphatic"
]
},
{
"form": "zerori",
"tags": [
"emphatic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "eu-decl-pron",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "zu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"absolutive"
]
},
{
"form": "zuk",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ergative"
]
},
{
"form": "zuri",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative"
]
},
{
"form": "zure",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "zurekin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"comitative"
]
},
{
"form": "zugatik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "zuregatik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "zuretzat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"benefactive"
]
},
{
"form": "zuretako",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"benefactive"
]
},
{
"form": "zutaz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "zugan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "zuregan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "zure baitan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "zutan",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inessive"
]
},
{
"form": "zu baitako",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "zure baitako",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "zugana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "zuregana",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "zuganat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "zureganat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "zu baitara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "zure baitara",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "zu baitarat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "zure baitarat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"allative"
]
},
{
"form": "zuganaino",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "zureganaino",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "zu baitaraino",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "zure baitaraino",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "zuganantz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"directive"
]
},
{
"form": "zureganantz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"directive"
]
},
{
"form": "zuganako",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"destinative"
]
},
{
"form": "zureganako",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"destinative"
]
},
{
"form": "zuganik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "zureganik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "zugandik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "zuregandik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "zu baitatik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "zu baitarik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "zure baitatik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
},
{
"form": "zure baitarik",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eu",
"2": "pronoun",
"3": "emphatic forms",
"4": "zeu, zuhaur, zerori",
"cat2": "personal pronouns"
},
"expansion": "zu (emphatic forms zeu, zuhaur, zerori)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "eu-decl-pron"
}
],
"lang": "Basque",
"lang_code": "eu",
"pos": "pron",
"related": [
{
"word": "zeu"
},
{
"word": "ni"
},
{
"word": "neu"
},
{
"word": "nihaur"
},
{
"word": "nerau"
},
{
"word": "gu"
},
{
"word": "geu"
},
{
"word": "guhaur"
},
{
"word": "gerok"
},
{
"word": "hi"
},
{
"word": "heu"
},
{
"word": "hihaur"
},
{
"word": "herori"
},
{
"word": "zuek"
},
{
"word": "zeuek"
},
{
"word": "zuhauek"
},
{
"word": "zerok"
},
{
"word": "zuhaur"
},
{
"word": "zerori"
},
{
"word": "use demonstrative and anaphoric pronouns"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Basque entries with incorrect language header",
"Basque lemmas",
"Basque personal pronouns",
"Basque pronouns",
"Basque terms derived from Proto-Basque",
"Basque terms inherited from Proto-Basque",
"Basque terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Second-person singular personal pronoun; you"
],
"links": [
[
"you",
"you"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q8752 (eus)-Aioramu-zu.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d3/LL-Q8752_%28eus%29-Aioramu-zu.wav/LL-Q8752_%28eus%29-Aioramu-zu.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d3/LL-Q8752_%28eus%29-Aioramu-zu.wav/LL-Q8752_%28eus%29-Aioramu-zu.wav.ogg"
},
{
"ipa": "/s̻u/"
},
{
"ipa": "[s̻u]"
}
],
"word": "zu"
}
Download raw JSONL data for zu meaning in Basque (5.4kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2457",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Basque]; cleaned text: zuk",
"path": [
"zu"
],
"section": "Basque",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "zu",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2457",
"msg": "rejected heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, BUT the cleaned text is not in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Basque]; cleaned text: zuri",
"path": [
"zu"
],
"section": "Basque",
"subsection": "pronoun",
"title": "zu",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Basque dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (51d164f and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.