See urbane on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for urbane meaning in All languages combined (20.7kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "unurbane"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "urbanely"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "urbaneness"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰerdʰ-",
"4": "*werbʰ-",
"5": "*-nós"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "urban"
},
"expansion": "urban",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "ane"
},
"expansion": "+ -ane",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-an",
"pos": "suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives"
},
"expansion": "-an (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "Urban"
},
"expansion": "Urban",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "urbain",
"t": "belonging to a city, urban; courteous, refined, urbane"
},
"expansion": "Middle French urbain (“belonging to a city, urban; courteous, refined, urbane”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "urbain"
},
"expansion": "French urbain",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "urbānus",
"t": "of or belonging to a city, urban; of manners or style: like those of city dwellers: cultivated, polished, refined, sophisticated"
},
"expansion": "Latin urbānus (“of or belonging to a city, urban; of manners or style: like those of city dwellers: cultivated, polished, refined, sophisticated”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "urbs",
"t": "city; walled town; Rome"
},
"expansion": "urbs (“city; walled town; Rome”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰerdʰ-",
"t": "to encircle, enclose; a belt; an enclosure, fence"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰerdʰ- (“to encircle, enclose; a belt; an enclosure, fence”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*werbʰ-",
"t": "to enclose"
},
"expansion": "*werbʰ- (“to enclose”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ānus",
"pos": "suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives"
},
"expansion": "-ānus (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A variant of urban + -ane (a variant of -an (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives)). Urban is borrowed from Middle French urbain (“belonging to a city, urban; courteous, refined, urbane”) (modern French urbain), or from its etymon Latin urbānus (“of or belonging to a city, urban; of manners or style: like those of city dwellers: cultivated, polished, refined, sophisticated”), from urbs (“city; walled town; Rome”) (further etymology uncertain, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʰerdʰ- (“to encircle, enclose; a belt; an enclosure, fence”) or *werbʰ- (“to enclose”)) + -ānus (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "urbaner",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more urbane",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "urbanest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most urbane",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er",
"2": "more"
},
"expansion": "urbane (comparative urbaner or more urbane, superlative urbanest or most urbane)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"urb‧ane"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "urban"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "rustic"
},
{
"word": "unurbane"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "64 24 12",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Personality",
"orig": "en:Personality",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1897 March, Maria Weed, “Disillusioned”, in The Midland Monthly, volume VII, number 3, Des Moines, Iowa: Johnson Brigham, →OCLC, chapter II (continued), page 245, column 2",
"text": "However, there was nothing for it but to welcome her with all the heartiness I could summon. The sepulchral atmosphere of the parlor had chilled and dampened the spirits of this usually urbane woman, while disappointment and disgust were written in every line of that strong face.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1976, National Geographic, volume 149, Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 106",
"text": "Our people must have some control over our destiny,\" reasons Wilma Muth, an urbane woman who serves as Inyo County supervisor.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1992, Thomas DiPiero, “Mastery and Seduction in Eighteenth-century Fiction”, in Dangerous Truths and Criminal Passions: The Evolution of the French Novel, 1569–1791, Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, part 2 (The Development of the Modern Novel), page 237",
"text": "Mme de Chartres' advice to her daughter consisted only of prohibitions from which we might infer that the virtuous urbane woman was both inactive and invisible, obviously not a particularly suitable subject for the elaboration of engaging tales.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a person (usually a man): having refined manners; courteous, polite, suave."
],
"id": "en-urbane-en-adj-ne6f3YoI",
"links": [
[
"person",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"man",
"man#Noun"
],
[
"having",
"have#Verb"
],
[
"refined",
"refined#Adjective"
],
[
"manners",
"manner#Noun"
],
[
"courteous",
"courteous"
],
[
"polite",
"polite#Adjective"
],
[
"suave",
"suave#Adjective"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "debonair"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "iziskan",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "изискан"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "iztǎnčen",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "изтънчен"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vežliv",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "вежлив"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "彬彬有禮的"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bīnbīnyǒulǐde",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "彬彬有礼的"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jemný"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "uhlazený"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zdvořilý"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "hienostunut"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "urbain"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "weltgewandt"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "weltmännisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kósmios",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "κόσμιος"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "asteîos",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "ἀστεῖος"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "urbānus"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ljúbezen",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "љу́безен"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "sŕdečen",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "ср́дечен"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "účtiv",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "у́чтив"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ótmen",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "о́тмен"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "heeflich"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obxodítelʹnyj",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "обходи́тельный"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "učtívyj",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "учти́вый"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "véžlivyj",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "ве́жливый"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gradski"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "urbani"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "urbano"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "cortés"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "urban"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "artig"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "belevad"
},
{
"_dis1": "71 24 5",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "världsvan"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "unurbane"
}
],
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017 September 27, David Browne, “Hugh Hefner, ‘Playboy’ Founder, Dead at 91”, in Rolling Stone, New York, N.Y.: Penske Media Corporation, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-05-04",
"text": "And with his trademark smoking jackets and pipes – and the silk pajamas he would often wear to work – [Hugh] Hefner became the embodiment of a sexually adventurous yet urbane image and lifestyle, a seeming role model for generations of men.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of an act, expression, etc.: suited to a person of refined manners; elegant, sophisticated."
],
"id": "en-urbane-en-adj-76OawEm7",
"links": [
[
"act",
"act#Noun"
],
[
"expression",
"expression"
],
[
"suited",
"suit#Verb"
],
[
"elegant",
"elegant"
],
[
"sophisticated",
"sophisticated#Adjective"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "31 65 4",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of an act, expression, etc.: suited to a person of refined manners — see also elegant, sophisticated",
"word": "hienostunut"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 65 4",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "préfinet",
"sense": "of an act, expression, etc.: suited to a person of refined manners — see also elegant, sophisticated",
"word": "пре́финет"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 65 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of an act, expression, etc.: suited to a person of refined manners — see also elegant, sophisticated",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "urbani"
},
{
"_dis1": "31 65 4",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of an act, expression, etc.: suited to a person of refined manners — see also elegant, sophisticated",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gradski"
}
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "of, pertaining to, or characteristic of a city or town, or life in such a place; living in a city or town; having authority or jurisdiction over a city or town",
"word": "urban"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "30 20 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 17 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 9 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -ane",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete spelling of urban (“of, pertaining to, or characteristic of a city or town, or life in such a place; living in a city or town; having authority or jurisdiction over a city or town”)"
],
"id": "en-urbane-en-adj-gKxOKB~3",
"links": [
[
"urban",
"urban#English"
],
[
"characteristic",
"characteristic#Adjective"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"town",
"town"
],
[
"life",
"life#Noun"
],
[
"place",
"place#Noun"
],
[
"living",
"live#Verb"
],
[
"authority",
"authority"
],
[
"jurisdiction",
"jurisdiction"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɜːˈbeɪn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɜɹˈbeɪn/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪn"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-urbane.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/35/En-us-urbane.ogg/En-us-urbane.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/En-us-urbane.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
}
],
"word": "urbane"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "adjective form"
},
"expansion": "urbane",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "urban"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of urban:\n## strong/mixed nominative/accusative feminine singular\n## strong nominative/accusative plural\n## weak nominative all-gender singular\n## weak accusative feminine/neuter singular",
"strong/mixed nominative/accusative feminine singular"
],
"id": "en-urbane-de-adj-okbV3qe3",
"links": [
[
"urban",
"urban#German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of urban:\n"
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"mixed",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "urban"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of urban:\n## strong/mixed nominative/accusative feminine singular\n## strong nominative/accusative plural\n## weak nominative all-gender singular\n## weak accusative feminine/neuter singular",
"strong nominative/accusative plural"
],
"id": "en-urbane-de-adj-z2LYOICB",
"links": [
[
"urban",
"urban#German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of urban:\n"
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "22 22 34 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "urban"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of urban:\n## strong/mixed nominative/accusative feminine singular\n## strong nominative/accusative plural\n## weak nominative all-gender singular\n## weak accusative feminine/neuter singular",
"weak nominative all-gender singular"
],
"id": "en-urbane-de-adj-XE5IrDA2",
"links": [
[
"urban",
"urban#German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of urban:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "urban"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of urban:\n## strong/mixed nominative/accusative feminine singular\n## strong nominative/accusative plural\n## weak nominative all-gender singular\n## weak accusative feminine/neuter singular",
"weak accusative feminine/neuter singular"
],
"id": "en-urbane-de-adj-pr1NmL0k",
"links": [
[
"urban",
"urban#German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of urban:\n"
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "De-urbane.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e0/De-urbane.ogg/De-urbane.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/De-urbane.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "urbane"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "adjective form",
"g": "f-p"
},
"expansion": "urbane f pl",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "urbano"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feminine plural of urbano"
],
"id": "en-urbane-it-adj-oj2ORgVS",
"links": [
[
"urbano",
"urbano#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "urbane"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "urbāne",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "noun form",
"head": "urbāne"
},
"expansion": "urbāne",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "urbānus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vocative singular of urbānus"
],
"id": "en-urbane-la-noun-8c-NXmd4",
"links": [
[
"urbānus",
"urbanus#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/urˈbaː.ne/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʊrˈbäːnɛ]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/urˈba.ne/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[urˈbäːne]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "urbane"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "urbānē",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "urbānius",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "urbānissimē",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urbānē"
},
"expansion": "urbānē (comparative urbānius, superlative urbānissimē)",
"name": "la-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "63 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"urbanely"
],
"id": "en-urbane-la-adv-KzJ-1lgc"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/urˈbaː.neː/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʊrˈbäːneː]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/urˈba.ne/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[urˈbäːne]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "urbane"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "adjective form"
},
"expansion": "urbane",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "urban"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite singular and plural of urban"
],
"id": "en-urbane-nb-adj-V0fIjjBK",
"links": [
[
"urban",
"urban#Norwegian Bokmål"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"form-of",
"plural",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "urbane"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "adjective form"
},
"expansion": "urbane",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "urban"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite singular and plural of urban"
],
"id": "en-urbane-nn-adj-V0fIjjBK",
"links": [
[
"urban",
"urban#Norwegian Nynorsk"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"form-of",
"plural",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "urbane"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *-nós",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰerdʰ-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *werbʰ-",
"English terms suffixed with -ane",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:English/eɪn",
"Rhymes:English/eɪn/2 syllables",
"en:Personality"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "unurbane"
},
{
"word": "urbanely"
},
{
"word": "urbaneness"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰerdʰ-",
"4": "*werbʰ-",
"5": "*-nós"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "urban"
},
"expansion": "urban",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "ane"
},
"expansion": "+ -ane",
"name": "suffix"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-an",
"pos": "suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives"
},
"expansion": "-an (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "",
"3": "Urban"
},
"expansion": "Urban",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "urbain",
"t": "belonging to a city, urban; courteous, refined, urbane"
},
"expansion": "Middle French urbain (“belonging to a city, urban; courteous, refined, urbane”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "urbain"
},
"expansion": "French urbain",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "urbānus",
"t": "of or belonging to a city, urban; of manners or style: like those of city dwellers: cultivated, polished, refined, sophisticated"
},
"expansion": "Latin urbānus (“of or belonging to a city, urban; of manners or style: like those of city dwellers: cultivated, polished, refined, sophisticated”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "urbs",
"t": "city; walled town; Rome"
},
"expansion": "urbs (“city; walled town; Rome”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰerdʰ-",
"t": "to encircle, enclose; a belt; an enclosure, fence"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰerdʰ- (“to encircle, enclose; a belt; an enclosure, fence”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*werbʰ-",
"t": "to enclose"
},
"expansion": "*werbʰ- (“to enclose”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ānus",
"pos": "suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives"
},
"expansion": "-ānus (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A variant of urban + -ane (a variant of -an (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives)). Urban is borrowed from Middle French urbain (“belonging to a city, urban; courteous, refined, urbane”) (modern French urbain), or from its etymon Latin urbānus (“of or belonging to a city, urban; of manners or style: like those of city dwellers: cultivated, polished, refined, sophisticated”), from urbs (“city; walled town; Rome”) (further etymology uncertain, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *gʰerdʰ- (“to encircle, enclose; a belt; an enclosure, fence”) or *werbʰ- (“to enclose”)) + -ānus (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "urbaner",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "more urbane",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "urbanest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "most urbane",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "er",
"2": "more"
},
"expansion": "urbane (comparative urbaner or more urbane, superlative urbanest or most urbane)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"urb‧ane"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "urban"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "rustic"
},
{
"word": "unurbane"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1897 March, Maria Weed, “Disillusioned”, in The Midland Monthly, volume VII, number 3, Des Moines, Iowa: Johnson Brigham, →OCLC, chapter II (continued), page 245, column 2",
"text": "However, there was nothing for it but to welcome her with all the heartiness I could summon. The sepulchral atmosphere of the parlor had chilled and dampened the spirits of this usually urbane woman, while disappointment and disgust were written in every line of that strong face.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1976, National Geographic, volume 149, Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 106",
"text": "Our people must have some control over our destiny,\" reasons Wilma Muth, an urbane woman who serves as Inyo County supervisor.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1992, Thomas DiPiero, “Mastery and Seduction in Eighteenth-century Fiction”, in Dangerous Truths and Criminal Passions: The Evolution of the French Novel, 1569–1791, Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, part 2 (The Development of the Modern Novel), page 237",
"text": "Mme de Chartres' advice to her daughter consisted only of prohibitions from which we might infer that the virtuous urbane woman was both inactive and invisible, obviously not a particularly suitable subject for the elaboration of engaging tales.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of a person (usually a man): having refined manners; courteous, polite, suave."
],
"links": [
[
"person",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"man",
"man#Noun"
],
[
"having",
"have#Verb"
],
[
"refined",
"refined#Adjective"
],
[
"manners",
"manner#Noun"
],
[
"courteous",
"courteous"
],
[
"polite",
"polite#Adjective"
],
[
"suave",
"suave#Adjective"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "debonair"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "unurbane"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2017 September 27, David Browne, “Hugh Hefner, ‘Playboy’ Founder, Dead at 91”, in Rolling Stone, New York, N.Y.: Penske Media Corporation, →ISSN, →OCLC, archived from the original on 2023-05-04",
"text": "And with his trademark smoking jackets and pipes – and the silk pajamas he would often wear to work – [Hugh] Hefner became the embodiment of a sexually adventurous yet urbane image and lifestyle, a seeming role model for generations of men.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of an act, expression, etc.: suited to a person of refined manners; elegant, sophisticated."
],
"links": [
[
"act",
"act#Noun"
],
[
"expression",
"expression"
],
[
"suited",
"suit#Verb"
],
[
"elegant",
"elegant"
],
[
"sophisticated",
"sophisticated#Adjective"
]
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "of, pertaining to, or characteristic of a city or town, or life in such a place; living in a city or town; having authority or jurisdiction over a city or town",
"word": "urban"
}
],
"categories": [
"English obsolete forms"
],
"glosses": [
"Obsolete spelling of urban (“of, pertaining to, or characteristic of a city or town, or life in such a place; living in a city or town; having authority or jurisdiction over a city or town”)"
],
"links": [
[
"urban",
"urban#English"
],
[
"characteristic",
"characteristic#Adjective"
],
[
"city",
"city"
],
[
"town",
"town"
],
[
"life",
"life#Noun"
],
[
"place",
"place#Noun"
],
[
"living",
"live#Verb"
],
[
"authority",
"authority"
],
[
"jurisdiction",
"jurisdiction"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɜːˈbeɪn/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɜɹˈbeɪn/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-eɪn"
},
{
"audio": "En-us-urbane.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/35/En-us-urbane.ogg/En-us-urbane.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/En-us-urbane.ogg",
"tags": [
"General-American"
],
"text": "Audio (GA)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "iziskan",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "изискан"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "iztǎnčen",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "изтънчен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "vežliv",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "вежлив"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "彬彬有禮的"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "bīnbīnyǒulǐde",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "彬彬有礼的"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "jemný"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "uhlazený"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "zdvořilý"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "hienostunut"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "urbain"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "weltgewandt"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "weltmännisch"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "kósmios",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "κόσμιος"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "asteîos",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "ἀστεῖος"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "urbānus"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ljúbezen",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "љу́безен"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "sŕdečen",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "ср́дечен"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "účtiv",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "у́чтив"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "ótmen",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "о́тмен"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "heeflich"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "obxodítelʹnyj",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "обходи́тельный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "učtívyj",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "учти́вый"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "véžlivyj",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "ве́жливый"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gradski"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "urbani"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "urbano"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "cortés"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "urban"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "artig"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "belevad"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of a person (usually a man): having refined manners — see also courteous, polite, suave",
"word": "världsvan"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of an act, expression, etc.: suited to a person of refined manners — see also elegant, sophisticated",
"word": "hienostunut"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "préfinet",
"sense": "of an act, expression, etc.: suited to a person of refined manners — see also elegant, sophisticated",
"word": "пре́финет"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of an act, expression, etc.: suited to a person of refined manners — see also elegant, sophisticated",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "urbani"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of an act, expression, etc.: suited to a person of refined manners — see also elegant, sophisticated",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gradski"
}
],
"word": "urbane"
}
{
"categories": [
"German adjective forms",
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German non-lemma forms",
"German terms with audio links"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "adjective form"
},
"expansion": "urbane",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "urban"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of urban:\n## strong/mixed nominative/accusative feminine singular\n## strong nominative/accusative plural\n## weak nominative all-gender singular\n## weak accusative feminine/neuter singular",
"strong/mixed nominative/accusative feminine singular"
],
"links": [
[
"urban",
"urban#German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of urban:\n"
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"mixed",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "urban"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of urban:\n## strong/mixed nominative/accusative feminine singular\n## strong nominative/accusative plural\n## weak nominative all-gender singular\n## weak accusative feminine/neuter singular",
"strong nominative/accusative plural"
],
"links": [
[
"urban",
"urban#German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of urban:\n"
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"form-of",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "urban"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of urban:\n## strong/mixed nominative/accusative feminine singular\n## strong nominative/accusative plural\n## weak nominative all-gender singular\n## weak accusative feminine/neuter singular",
"weak nominative all-gender singular"
],
"links": [
[
"urban",
"urban#German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of urban:\n"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "urban"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of urban:\n## strong/mixed nominative/accusative feminine singular\n## strong nominative/accusative plural\n## weak nominative all-gender singular\n## weak accusative feminine/neuter singular",
"weak accusative feminine/neuter singular"
],
"links": [
[
"urban",
"urban#German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"inflection of urban:\n"
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "De-urbane.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e0/De-urbane.ogg/De-urbane.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e0/De-urbane.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "urbane"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "adjective form",
"g": "f-p"
},
"expansion": "urbane f pl",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian adjective forms",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian non-lemma forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "urbano"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feminine plural of urbano"
],
"links": [
[
"urbano",
"urbano#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "urbane"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin adverbs",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin noun forms",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"forms": [
{
"form": "urbāne",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "noun form",
"head": "urbāne"
},
"expansion": "urbāne",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "urbānus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vocative singular of urbānus"
],
"links": [
[
"urbānus",
"urbanus#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/urˈbaː.ne/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʊrˈbäːnɛ]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/urˈba.ne/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[urˈbäːne]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "urbane"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 3-syllable words",
"Latin adverbs",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "urbānē",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "urbānius",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "urbānissimē",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urbānē"
},
"expansion": "urbānē (comparative urbānius, superlative urbānissimē)",
"name": "la-adv"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"urbanely"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/urˈbaː.neː/",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ʊrˈbäːneː]",
"tags": [
"Classical"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/urˈba.ne/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[urˈbäːne]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "urbane"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "adjective form"
},
"expansion": "urbane",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Bokmål adjective forms",
"Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Bokmål non-lemma forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "urban"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite singular and plural of urban"
],
"links": [
[
"urban",
"urban#Norwegian Bokmål"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"form-of",
"plural",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "urbane"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "adjective form"
},
"expansion": "urbane",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Norwegian Nynorsk adjective forms",
"Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
"Norwegian Nynorsk non-lemma forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "urban"
}
],
"glosses": [
"definite singular and plural of urban"
],
"links": [
[
"urban",
"urban#Norwegian Nynorsk"
]
],
"tags": [
"definite",
"form-of",
"plural",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "urbane"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.