"tobe" meaning in All languages combined

See tobe on Wiktionary

Verb [Alemannic German]

IPA: /ˈtob̥ə/ Forms: tobet [present, singular, third-person], tobet [participle, past], haa [auxiliary]
Etymology: From Middle High German toben, from Old High German tobēn, tobōn from Proto-West Germanic *dobēn. Cognate with German toben, Middle Low German dōven. Etymology templates: {{inh|gsw|gmh|toben}} Middle High German toben, {{inh|gsw|goh|tobēn}} Old High German tobēn, {{inh|gsw|gmw-pro|*dobēn}} Proto-West Germanic *dobēn, {{cog|de|toben}} German toben, {{cog|gml|dōven}} Middle Low German dōven Head templates: {{head|gsw|verb|||third-person singular simple present|tobet|past participle|tobet|||auxiliary|haa|||head=}} tobe (third-person singular simple present tobet, past participle tobet, auxiliary haa), {{gsw-verb|tobet|tobet}} tobe (third-person singular simple present tobet, past participle tobet, auxiliary haa)
  1. to rage, rave, rampage (of a child, a person)
    Sense id: en-tobe-gsw-verb-LZvx34kH
  2. to bluster, rampage (of a wind, the weather)
    Sense id: en-tobe-gsw-verb-WMkqUFyq Categories (other): Alemannic German entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Alemannic German entries with incorrect language header: 41 59
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: töbe [Bern]

Noun [English]

IPA: /təʊb/ Forms: tobes [plural]
Head templates: {{en-noun}} tobe (plural tobes)
  1. A cotton garment worn in parts of northern Africa.
    Sense id: en-tobe-en-noun-GHUKlOwc Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries, Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 2 4 60 13 0 14 4 4 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 2 3 54 18 0 18 3 3

Adjective [Estonian]

IPA: /ˈtob̥e/, [ˈtob̥e̞]
Rhymes: -obe Etymology: From Proto-Finnic [Term?], probably onomatopoeic (compare dialectal Finnish topo). See also tobi, töbi, topakas. Etymology templates: {{inh|et|urj-fin-pro}} Proto-Finnic [Term?], {{onom|et|nocap=1}} onomatopoeic, {{cog|fi|topo}} Finnish topo Head templates: {{head|et|adjectives|genitive|tobeda|||partitive|tobedat|||comparative|tobedam|superlative|kõige tobedam|or|tobedaim||||cat2=|cat3=|f1accel-form=gen|s|f1request=1|f2accel-form=gen|s|f3accel-form=par|s|f3request=1|f4accel-form=par|s|f5accel-form=comparative|f6accel-form=superlative|f6nolink=1|head=}} tobe (genitive tobeda, partitive tobedat, comparative tobedam, superlative kõige tobedam or tobedaim), {{et-adj|tobeda|tobedat|s=tobedaim}} tobe (genitive tobeda, partitive tobedat, comparative tobedam, superlative kõige tobedam or tobedaim) Inflection templates: {{et-decl-õpik|tobe|da}} Forms: tobeda [genitive], tobedat [partitive], tobedam [comparative], kõige tobedam [superlative], tobedaim [superlative], no-table-tags [table-tags], tobe [nominative, singular], tobedad [nominative, plural], tobe [accusative, nominative, singular], tobedad [accusative, nominative, plural], tobeda [accusative, genitive, singular], tobedad [accusative, genitive, plural], tobeda [genitive, singular], tobedate [genitive, plural], tobedat [partitive, singular], tobedaid [partitive, plural], tobedasse [illative, singular], tobedatesse [illative, plural], tobedaisse [illative, plural], tobedas [inessive, singular], tobedates [inessive, plural], tobedais [inessive, plural], tobedast [elative, singular], tobedatest [elative, plural], tobedaist [elative, plural], tobedale [allative, singular], tobedatele [allative, plural], tobedaile [allative, plural], tobedal [adessive, singular], tobedatel [adessive, plural], tobedail [adessive, plural], tobedalt [ablative, singular], tobedatelt [ablative, plural], tobedailt [ablative, plural], tobedaks [singular, translative], tobedateks [plural, translative], tobedaiks [plural, translative], tobedani [singular, terminative], tobedateni [plural, terminative], tobedana [essive, singular], tobedatena [essive, plural], tobedata [abessive, singular], tobedateta [abessive, plural], tobedaga [comitative, singular], tobedatega [comitative, plural]
  1. unintelligent, ignorant, foolish, stupid, dumb; simple-minded, inexperienced
    Sense id: en-tobe-et-adj-31IoMKpY Categories (other): Estonian entries with incorrect language header, Estonian onomatopoeias, Estonian õpik-type nominals Disambiguation of Estonian entries with incorrect language header: 98 2 Disambiguation of Estonian onomatopoeias: 94 6 Disambiguation of Estonian õpik-type nominals: 94 6
  2. silly, dumb, unreasonable
    Sense id: en-tobe-et-adj-z7d~GQAs
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: tobedus, tobedalt Related terms: tobu

Verb [German]

Audio: De-tobe.ogg
Head templates: {{head|de|verb form}} tobe
  1. inflection of toben:
    first-person singular present
    Tags: first-person, form-of, present, singular Form of: toben
    Sense id: en-tobe-de-verb-~a2Ie5j8 Categories (other): German entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of German entries with incorrect language header: 64 11 24
  2. inflection of toben:
    first/third-person singular subjunctive I
    Tags: first-person, form-of, singular, subjunctive-i, third-person Form of: toben
    Sense id: en-tobe-de-verb-jwET5DBq
  3. inflection of toben:
    singular imperative
    Tags: form-of, imperative, singular Form of: toben
    Sense id: en-tobe-de-verb-GinuILNg

Inflected forms

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tobes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "tobe (plural tobes)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 4 60 13 0 14 4 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 3 54 18 0 18 3 3",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1889, Edinburgh Review, page 391:",
          "text": "It consists, for men and women alike, of a ‘tobe,’ or straight piece of cotton cloth (printed, or white with a crimson border), two breadths wide, and some twelve feet long, draped in graceful folds about the body, and fastened on the left shoulder.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2010, Leila Aboulela, Lyrics Alley, page 4:",
          "text": "She loved travelling to Egypt, and how she didn’t have to wear a tobe in Cairo.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A cotton garment worn in parts of northern Africa."
      ],
      "id": "en-tobe-en-noun-GHUKlOwc",
      "links": [
        [
          "cotton",
          "cotton"
        ],
        [
          "garment",
          "garment"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/təʊb/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "tobe"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gsw",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "toben"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German toben",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gsw",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "tobēn"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German tobēn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gsw",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*dobēn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dobēn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "toben"
      },
      "expansion": "German toben",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gml",
        "2": "dōven"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German dōven",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle High German toben, from Old High German tobēn, tobōn from Proto-West Germanic *dobēn. Cognate with German toben, Middle Low German dōven.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tobet",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobet",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haa",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gsw",
        "10": "",
        "11": "auxiliary",
        "12": "haa",
        "13": "",
        "14": "",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "third-person singular simple present",
        "6": "tobet",
        "7": "past participle",
        "8": "tobet",
        "9": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "tobe (third-person singular simple present tobet, past participle tobet, auxiliary haa)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tobet",
        "2": "tobet"
      },
      "expansion": "tobe (third-person singular simple present tobet, past participle tobet, auxiliary haa)",
      "name": "gsw-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Alemannic German",
  "lang_code": "gsw",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The unruly child does nothing but rage.",
          "text": "Dr Goof isch nur am tobe.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to rage, rave, rampage (of a child, a person)"
      ],
      "id": "en-tobe-gsw-verb-LZvx34kH",
      "links": [
        [
          "rage",
          "rage"
        ],
        [
          "rave",
          "rave"
        ],
        [
          "rampage",
          "rampage"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "41 59",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Alemannic German entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The wind blusters outside.",
          "text": "Dusse tobt dr Wind.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to bluster, rampage (of a wind, the weather)"
      ],
      "id": "en-tobe-gsw-verb-WMkqUFyq",
      "links": [
        [
          "bluster",
          "bluster"
        ],
        [
          "rampage",
          "rampage"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtob̥ə/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Bern"
      ],
      "word": "töbe"
    }
  ],
  "word": "tobe"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "tobedus"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "tobedalt"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "2": "urj-fin-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Finnic [Term?]",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "onomatopoeic",
      "name": "onom"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "topo"
      },
      "expansion": "Finnish topo",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic [Term?], probably onomatopoeic (compare dialectal Finnish topo). See also tobi, töbi, topakas.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tobeda",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedat",
      "tags": [
        "partitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedam",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kõige tobedam",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedaim",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "et-decl-õpik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no gradation",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2/õpik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedad",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedad",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobeda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedad",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobeda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedate",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedaid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedasse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedatesse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedaisse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedates",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedais",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedast",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedatest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedaist",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedale",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedatele",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedaile",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedal",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedatel",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedail",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedalt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedatelt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedailt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedaks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedateks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedaiks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedani",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedateni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedatena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedata",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedateta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedaga",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedatega",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "10": "",
        "11": "comparative",
        "12": "tobedam",
        "13": "superlative",
        "14": "kõige tobedam",
        "15": "or",
        "16": "tobedaim",
        "17": "",
        "18": "",
        "19": "",
        "2": "adjectives",
        "3": "genitive",
        "4": "tobeda",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "partitive",
        "8": "tobedat",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "f1accel-form": "gen|s",
        "f1request": "1",
        "f2accel-form": "gen|s",
        "f3accel-form": "par|s",
        "f3request": "1",
        "f4accel-form": "par|s",
        "f5accel-form": "comparative",
        "f6accel-form": "superlative",
        "f6nolink": "1",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "tobe (genitive tobeda, partitive tobedat, comparative tobedam, superlative kõige tobedam or tobedaim)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tobeda",
        "2": "tobedat",
        "s": "tobedaim"
      },
      "expansion": "tobe (genitive tobeda, partitive tobedat, comparative tobedam, superlative kõige tobedam or tobedaim)",
      "name": "et-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "to‧be"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tobe",
        "2": "da"
      },
      "name": "et-decl-õpik"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Estonian",
  "lang_code": "et",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "tobu"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "98 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "94 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Estonian onomatopoeias",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "94 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Estonian õpik-type nominals",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "How can they be so ignorant as to believe that?",
          "text": "Kuidas nad võivad olla nii tobedad, et usuvad seda udujuttu?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "The sheep is not the dumbest animal.",
          "text": "Lammas pole üldsegi kõige tobedam loom.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "unintelligent, ignorant, foolish, stupid, dumb; simple-minded, inexperienced"
      ],
      "id": "en-tobe-et-adj-31IoMKpY",
      "links": [
        [
          "unintelligent",
          "unintelligent"
        ],
        [
          "ignorant",
          "ignorant"
        ],
        [
          "foolish",
          "foolish"
        ],
        [
          "stupid",
          "stupid"
        ],
        [
          "dumb",
          "dumb"
        ],
        [
          "simple-minded",
          "simple-minded"
        ],
        [
          "inexperienced",
          "inexperienced"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "a silly question",
          "text": "tobe küsimus",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "There are all sorts of silly rumours going around.",
          "text": "Levib igasuguseid tobedaid kuulujutte.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "The film seemed exceptionally dumb.",
          "text": "Film tundus erakordselt tobe.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "silly, dumb, unreasonable"
      ],
      "id": "en-tobe-et-adj-z7d~GQAs",
      "links": [
        [
          "silly",
          "silly"
        ],
        [
          "dumb",
          "dumb"
        ],
        [
          "unreasonable",
          "unreasonable"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtob̥e/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈtob̥e̞]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-obe"
    }
  ],
  "word": "tobe"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "tobe",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "64 11 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "toben"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of toben:",
        "first-person singular present"
      ],
      "id": "en-tobe-de-verb-~a2Ie5j8",
      "links": [
        [
          "toben",
          "toben#German"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "toben"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of toben:",
        "first/third-person singular subjunctive I"
      ],
      "id": "en-tobe-de-verb-jwET5DBq",
      "links": [
        [
          "toben",
          "toben#German"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive-i",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "toben"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of toben:",
        "singular imperative"
      ],
      "id": "en-tobe-de-verb-GinuILNg",
      "links": [
        [
          "toben",
          "toben#German"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "De-tobe.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/De-tobe.ogg/De-tobe.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/De-tobe.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "tobe"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Alemannic German entries with incorrect language header",
    "Alemannic German lemmas",
    "Alemannic German terms derived from Middle High German",
    "Alemannic German terms derived from Old High German",
    "Alemannic German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Alemannic German terms inherited from Middle High German",
    "Alemannic German terms inherited from Old High German",
    "Alemannic German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Alemannic German verbs",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gsw",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "toben"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German toben",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gsw",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "tobēn"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German tobēn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gsw",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*dobēn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *dobēn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "toben"
      },
      "expansion": "German toben",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gml",
        "2": "dōven"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Low German dōven",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle High German toben, from Old High German tobēn, tobōn from Proto-West Germanic *dobēn. Cognate with German toben, Middle Low German dōven.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tobet",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobet",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haa",
      "tags": [
        "auxiliary"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gsw",
        "10": "",
        "11": "auxiliary",
        "12": "haa",
        "13": "",
        "14": "",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "third-person singular simple present",
        "6": "tobet",
        "7": "past participle",
        "8": "tobet",
        "9": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "tobe (third-person singular simple present tobet, past participle tobet, auxiliary haa)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tobet",
        "2": "tobet"
      },
      "expansion": "tobe (third-person singular simple present tobet, past participle tobet, auxiliary haa)",
      "name": "gsw-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Alemannic German",
  "lang_code": "gsw",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Alemannic German terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The unruly child does nothing but rage.",
          "text": "Dr Goof isch nur am tobe.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to rage, rave, rampage (of a child, a person)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rage",
          "rage"
        ],
        [
          "rave",
          "rave"
        ],
        [
          "rampage",
          "rampage"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Alemannic German terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The wind blusters outside.",
          "text": "Dusse tobt dr Wind.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to bluster, rampage (of a wind, the weather)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bluster",
          "bluster"
        ],
        [
          "rampage",
          "rampage"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtob̥ə/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Bern"
      ],
      "word": "töbe"
    }
  ],
  "word": "tobe"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tobes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "tobe (plural tobes)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English countable nouns",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English nouns",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Pages with 4 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1889, Edinburgh Review, page 391:",
          "text": "It consists, for men and women alike, of a ‘tobe,’ or straight piece of cotton cloth (printed, or white with a crimson border), two breadths wide, and some twelve feet long, draped in graceful folds about the body, and fastened on the left shoulder.",
          "type": "quote"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2010, Leila Aboulela, Lyrics Alley, page 4:",
          "text": "She loved travelling to Egypt, and how she didn’t have to wear a tobe in Cairo.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A cotton garment worn in parts of northern Africa."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cotton",
          "cotton"
        ],
        [
          "garment",
          "garment"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/təʊb/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "tobe"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Estonian adjectives",
    "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Estonian lemmas",
    "Estonian onomatopoeias",
    "Estonian terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
    "Estonian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic",
    "Estonian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Estonian õpik-type nominals",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Estonian/obe",
    "Rhymes:Estonian/obe/2 syllables"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "tobedus"
    },
    {
      "word": "tobedalt"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "2": "urj-fin-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Finnic [Term?]",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "onomatopoeic",
      "name": "onom"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "topo"
      },
      "expansion": "Finnish topo",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Finnic [Term?], probably onomatopoeic (compare dialectal Finnish topo). See also tobi, töbi, topakas.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "tobeda",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedat",
      "tags": [
        "partitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedam",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kõige tobedam",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedaim",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "et-decl-õpik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no gradation",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2/õpik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedad",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobe",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedad",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobeda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedad",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobeda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedate",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedaid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedasse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedatesse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedaisse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedates",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedais",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedast",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedatest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedaist",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedale",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedatele",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedaile",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedal",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedatel",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedail",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedalt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedatelt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedailt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedaks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedateks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedaiks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedani",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedateni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedatena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedata",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedateta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedaga",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tobedatega",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "10": "",
        "11": "comparative",
        "12": "tobedam",
        "13": "superlative",
        "14": "kõige tobedam",
        "15": "or",
        "16": "tobedaim",
        "17": "",
        "18": "",
        "19": "",
        "2": "adjectives",
        "3": "genitive",
        "4": "tobeda",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "partitive",
        "8": "tobedat",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "f1accel-form": "gen|s",
        "f1request": "1",
        "f2accel-form": "gen|s",
        "f3accel-form": "par|s",
        "f3request": "1",
        "f4accel-form": "par|s",
        "f5accel-form": "comparative",
        "f6accel-form": "superlative",
        "f6nolink": "1",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "tobe (genitive tobeda, partitive tobedat, comparative tobedam, superlative kõige tobedam or tobedaim)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tobeda",
        "2": "tobedat",
        "s": "tobedaim"
      },
      "expansion": "tobe (genitive tobeda, partitive tobedat, comparative tobedam, superlative kõige tobedam or tobedaim)",
      "name": "et-adj"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "to‧be"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tobe",
        "2": "da"
      },
      "name": "et-decl-õpik"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Estonian",
  "lang_code": "et",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "tobu"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Estonian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "How can they be so ignorant as to believe that?",
          "text": "Kuidas nad võivad olla nii tobedad, et usuvad seda udujuttu?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "The sheep is not the dumbest animal.",
          "text": "Lammas pole üldsegi kõige tobedam loom.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "unintelligent, ignorant, foolish, stupid, dumb; simple-minded, inexperienced"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "unintelligent",
          "unintelligent"
        ],
        [
          "ignorant",
          "ignorant"
        ],
        [
          "foolish",
          "foolish"
        ],
        [
          "stupid",
          "stupid"
        ],
        [
          "dumb",
          "dumb"
        ],
        [
          "simple-minded",
          "simple-minded"
        ],
        [
          "inexperienced",
          "inexperienced"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Estonian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "a silly question",
          "text": "tobe küsimus",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "There are all sorts of silly rumours going around.",
          "text": "Levib igasuguseid tobedaid kuulujutte.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "The film seemed exceptionally dumb.",
          "text": "Film tundus erakordselt tobe.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "silly, dumb, unreasonable"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "silly",
          "silly"
        ],
        [
          "dumb",
          "dumb"
        ],
        [
          "unreasonable",
          "unreasonable"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈtob̥e/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈtob̥e̞]"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-obe"
    }
  ],
  "word": "tobe"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "German entries with incorrect language header",
    "German non-lemma forms",
    "German verb forms",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "tobe",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "German",
  "lang_code": "de",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "toben"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of toben:",
        "first-person singular present"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "toben",
          "toben#German"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "toben"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of toben:",
        "first/third-person singular subjunctive I"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "toben",
          "toben#German"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive-i",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "toben"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of toben:",
        "singular imperative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "toben",
          "toben#German"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "De-tobe.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/89/De-tobe.ogg/De-tobe.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/De-tobe.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "tobe"
}

Download raw JSONL data for tobe meaning in All languages combined (11.8kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.