See tharf on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for tharf meaning in All languages combined (9.2kB)
{ "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "therf" }, "expansion": "Middle English therf", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "þeorf", "t": "unleavened, fresh, skim" }, "expansion": "Old English þeorf (“unleavened, fresh, skim”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*þerb" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þerb", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*þerbaz", "t": "unleavened, simple" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þerbaz (“unleavened, simple”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)terbh-" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)terbh-", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "ine-pro", "2": "*(s)trebh-", "t": "rigid, stiff, tight" }, "expansion": "*(s)trebh- (“rigid, stiff, tight”)", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "derb", "t": "rough, coarse, rude" }, "expansion": "German derb (“rough, coarse, rude”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ofs", "2": "therve" }, "expansion": "Old Frisian therve", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "dum", "2": "derf" }, "expansion": "Middle Dutch derf", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "gmh", "2": "derp" }, "expansion": "Middle High German derp", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "þjarfur", "t": "unleavened" }, "expansion": "Icelandic þjarfur (“unleavened”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "grc", "2": "τέρπω" }, "expansion": "Ancient Greek τέρπω (térpō)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle English therf, from Old English þeorf (“unleavened, fresh, skim”), from Proto-West Germanic *þerb, from Proto-Germanic *þerbaz (“unleavened, simple”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)terbh-, *(s)trebh- (“rigid, stiff, tight”).\nCognate with German derb (“rough, coarse, rude”), Old Frisian therve, Middle Dutch derf, Middle High German derp, Icelandic þjarfur (“unleavened”) and Ancient Greek τέρπω (térpō).", "forms": [ { "form": "more tharf", "tags": [ "comparative" ] }, { "form": "most tharf", "tags": [ "superlative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "tharf (comparative more tharf, superlative most tharf)", "name": "en-adj" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "British English", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Regional English", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "derived": [ { "word": "tharf-cake" }, { "word": "tharcake" }, { "word": "tharfish" } ], "examples": [ { "text": "a tharf person", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "Stiff, unsocial, rough in manner." ], "id": "en-tharf-en-adj-KI3iJhAp", "links": [ [ "regional", "regional#English" ], [ "Stiff", "stiff" ], [ "unsocial", "unsocial" ], [ "rough", "rough" ], [ "manner", "manner" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(obsolete, regional British) Stiff, unsocial, rough in manner." ], "tags": [ "British", "obsolete", "regional" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈθɑː(ɹ)f/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)f" } ], "word": "tharf" } { "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "thair" }, "expansion": "English: thair", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "English: thair" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sco", "2": "thair" }, "expansion": "Scots: thair", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Scots: thair" } ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "ang", "3": "þearf" }, "expansion": "Old English þearf", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "ang", "2": "þurfan", "3": "", "4": "to be in need, have need of, need to, be required to, be obliged to, owe" }, "expansion": "þurfan (“to be in need, have need of, need to, be required to, be obliged to, owe”)", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*þurfaną" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þurfaną", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "*þurbaną" }, "expansion": "*þurbaną", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "*þerbaną", "3": "", "4": "may, need to, be allowed to" }, "expansion": "*þerbaną (“may, need to, be allowed to”)", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*terp-" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *terp-", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "ine-pro", "2": "*trep-", "3": "", "4": "to saturate, enjoy" }, "expansion": "*trep- (“to saturate, enjoy”)", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "durf", "3": "", "4": "(I) dare" }, "expansion": "Dutch durf (“(I) dare”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "durven" }, "expansion": "durven", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "darf", "3": "", "4": "(I) am allowed to" }, "expansion": "German darf (“(I) am allowed to”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "dürfen" }, "expansion": "dürfen", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "sv", "2": "tarva", "3": "", "4": "to require" }, "expansion": "Swedish tarva (“to require”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "þarf", "3": "", "4": "(I) need" }, "expansion": "Icelandic þarf (“(I) need”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "þurfa" }, "expansion": "þurfa", "name": "m" } ], "etymology_text": "From Old English þearf, first and third person singular indicative of þurfan (“to be in need, have need of, need to, be required to, be obliged to, owe”), from Proto-Germanic *þurfaną, *þurbaną, *þerbaną (“may, need to, be allowed to”), from Proto-Indo-European *terp-, *trep- (“to saturate, enjoy”).\nCognate with Dutch durf (“(I) dare”) (infinitive durven), German darf (“(I) am allowed to”) (infinitive dürfen), Swedish tarva (“to require”), Icelandic þarf (“(I) need”) (infinitive þurfa).", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "verb form" }, "expansion": "tharf", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Middle English", "lang_code": "enm", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "10 90", "kind": "other", "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "form_of": [ { "word": "tharen" } ], "glosses": [ "first/third-person singular present indicative of tharen" ], "id": "en-tharf-enm-verb-Vh16Z9vK", "links": [ [ "tharen", "tharen#Middle English" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "darf" }, { "word": "þarf" } ], "tags": [ "first-person", "form-of", "indicative", "present", "singular", "third-person" ] } ], "word": "tharf" } { "etymology_number": 2, "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "adjective" }, "expansion": "tharf", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Middle English", "lang_code": "enm", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "alt_of": [ { "word": "therf" } ], "glosses": [ "Alternative form of therf" ], "id": "en-tharf-enm-adj-MBlV3COw", "links": [ [ "therf", "therf#Middle English" ] ], "tags": [ "alt-of", "alternative" ] } ], "word": "tharf" } { "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gml", "2": "*darf" }, "expansion": "Middle Low German: *darf", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Middle Low German: *darf" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gml", "2": "bedarf", "der": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Middle Low German: bedarf", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "⇒ Middle Low German: bedarf" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "osx", "2": "gem-pro", "inh": "1" }, "expansion": "", "name": "dercat" }, { "args": { "1": "osx", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*þarbu" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þarbu", "name": "inh" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *þarbu.", "forms": [ { "form": "tharvo", "tags": [ "genitive" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "osx-decl-noun-a-f-v", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "a-stem", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "tharf", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "tharva", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "tharf", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "tharva", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "tharvō", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "tharvanō", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "tharvu", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "tharvum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "osx", "2": "noun", "3": "genitive", "4": "tharvo", "g": "f" }, "expansion": "tharf f (genitive tharvo)", "name": "head" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "tharf", "2": "tharv" }, "name": "osx-decl-noun-a-f-v" } ], "lang": "Old Saxon", "lang_code": "osx", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [ "Entries with incorrect language header", "Entry maintenance" ], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "need, lack, necessity" ], "id": "en-tharf-osx-noun-ZdYgVHW1", "links": [ [ "need", "need" ], [ "lack", "lack" ], [ "necessity", "necessity" ] ], "related": [ { "word": "tharfag" } ], "tags": [ "feminine" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/θɑrf/" }, { "ipa": "[ðɑrf]", "note": "late Old Saxon" } ], "word": "tharf" }
{ "derived": [ { "word": "tharf-cake" }, { "word": "tharcake" }, { "word": "tharfish" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "enm", "3": "therf" }, "expansion": "Middle English therf", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ang", "3": "þeorf", "t": "unleavened, fresh, skim" }, "expansion": "Old English þeorf (“unleavened, fresh, skim”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*þerb" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þerb", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*þerbaz", "t": "unleavened, simple" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þerbaz (“unleavened, simple”)", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*(s)terbh-" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)terbh-", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "ine-pro", "2": "*(s)trebh-", "t": "rigid, stiff, tight" }, "expansion": "*(s)trebh- (“rigid, stiff, tight”)", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "derb", "t": "rough, coarse, rude" }, "expansion": "German derb (“rough, coarse, rude”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "ofs", "2": "therve" }, "expansion": "Old Frisian therve", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "dum", "2": "derf" }, "expansion": "Middle Dutch derf", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "gmh", "2": "derp" }, "expansion": "Middle High German derp", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "þjarfur", "t": "unleavened" }, "expansion": "Icelandic þjarfur (“unleavened”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "grc", "2": "τέρπω" }, "expansion": "Ancient Greek τέρπω (térpō)", "name": "cog" } ], "etymology_text": "From Middle English therf, from Old English þeorf (“unleavened, fresh, skim”), from Proto-West Germanic *þerb, from Proto-Germanic *þerbaz (“unleavened, simple”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)terbh-, *(s)trebh- (“rigid, stiff, tight”).\nCognate with German derb (“rough, coarse, rude”), Old Frisian therve, Middle Dutch derf, Middle High German derp, Icelandic þjarfur (“unleavened”) and Ancient Greek τέρπω (térpō).", "forms": [ { "form": "more tharf", "tags": [ "comparative" ] }, { "form": "most tharf", "tags": [ "superlative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "tharf (comparative more tharf, superlative most tharf)", "name": "en-adj" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "British English", "English 1-syllable words", "English adjectives", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English lemmas", "English terms derived from Middle English", "English terms derived from Old English", "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms inherited from Middle English", "English terms inherited from Old English", "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "English terms with IPA pronunciation", "English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with usage examples", "Regional English", "Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)f", "Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)f/1 syllable" ], "examples": [ { "text": "a tharf person", "type": "example" } ], "glosses": [ "Stiff, unsocial, rough in manner." ], "links": [ [ "regional", "regional#English" ], [ "Stiff", "stiff" ], [ "unsocial", "unsocial" ], [ "rough", "rough" ], [ "manner", "manner" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(obsolete, regional British) Stiff, unsocial, rough in manner." ], "tags": [ "British", "obsolete", "regional" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/ˈθɑː(ɹ)f/", "tags": [ "Received-Pronunciation" ] }, { "rhymes": "-ɑː(ɹ)f" } ], "word": "tharf" } { "categories": [ "Middle English adjectives", "Middle English entries with incorrect language header", "Middle English lemmas", "Middle English non-lemma forms", "Middle English terms derived from Old English", "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European", "Middle English terms inherited from Old English", "Middle English verb forms" ], "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "thair" }, "expansion": "English: thair", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "English: thair" }, { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "sco", "2": "thair" }, "expansion": "Scots: thair", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Scots: thair" } ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "ang", "3": "þearf" }, "expansion": "Old English þearf", "name": "inh" }, { "args": { "1": "ang", "2": "þurfan", "3": "", "4": "to be in need, have need of, need to, be required to, be obliged to, owe" }, "expansion": "þurfan (“to be in need, have need of, need to, be required to, be obliged to, owe”)", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "gem-pro", "3": "*þurfaną" }, "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þurfaną", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "*þurbaną" }, "expansion": "*þurbaną", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "gem-pro", "2": "*þerbaną", "3": "", "4": "may, need to, be allowed to" }, "expansion": "*þerbaną (“may, need to, be allowed to”)", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "ine-pro", "3": "*terp-" }, "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *terp-", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "ine-pro", "2": "*trep-", "3": "", "4": "to saturate, enjoy" }, "expansion": "*trep- (“to saturate, enjoy”)", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "durf", "3": "", "4": "(I) dare" }, "expansion": "Dutch durf (“(I) dare”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "nl", "2": "durven" }, "expansion": "durven", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "darf", "3": "", "4": "(I) am allowed to" }, "expansion": "German darf (“(I) am allowed to”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "de", "2": "dürfen" }, "expansion": "dürfen", "name": "m" }, { "args": { "1": "sv", "2": "tarva", "3": "", "4": "to require" }, "expansion": "Swedish tarva (“to require”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "þarf", "3": "", "4": "(I) need" }, "expansion": "Icelandic þarf (“(I) need”)", "name": "cog" }, { "args": { "1": "is", "2": "þurfa" }, "expansion": "þurfa", "name": "m" } ], "etymology_text": "From Old English þearf, first and third person singular indicative of þurfan (“to be in need, have need of, need to, be required to, be obliged to, owe”), from Proto-Germanic *þurfaną, *þurbaną, *þerbaną (“may, need to, be allowed to”), from Proto-Indo-European *terp-, *trep- (“to saturate, enjoy”).\nCognate with Dutch durf (“(I) dare”) (infinitive durven), German darf (“(I) am allowed to”) (infinitive dürfen), Swedish tarva (“to require”), Icelandic þarf (“(I) need”) (infinitive þurfa).", "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "verb form" }, "expansion": "tharf", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Middle English", "lang_code": "enm", "pos": "verb", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Middle English first-person singular forms", "Middle English third-person singular forms" ], "form_of": [ { "word": "tharen" } ], "glosses": [ "first/third-person singular present indicative of tharen" ], "links": [ [ "tharen", "tharen#Middle English" ] ], "tags": [ "first-person", "form-of", "indicative", "present", "singular", "third-person" ] } ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "darf" }, { "word": "þarf" } ], "word": "tharf" } { "categories": [ "Middle English adjectives", "Middle English entries with incorrect language header", "Middle English lemmas" ], "etymology_number": 2, "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "enm", "2": "adjective" }, "expansion": "tharf", "name": "head" } ], "lang": "Middle English", "lang_code": "enm", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "alt_of": [ { "word": "therf" } ], "glosses": [ "Alternative form of therf" ], "links": [ [ "therf", "therf#Middle English" ] ], "tags": [ "alt-of", "alternative" ] } ], "word": "tharf" } { "descendants": [ { "depth": 1, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gml", "2": "*darf" }, "expansion": "Middle Low German: *darf", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "Middle Low German: *darf" }, { "depth": 2, "templates": [ { "args": { "1": "gml", "2": "bedarf", "der": "1" }, "expansion": "⇒ Middle Low German: bedarf", "name": "desc" } ], "text": "⇒ Middle Low German: bedarf" } ], "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "osx", "2": "gem-pro", "inh": "1" }, "expansion": "", "name": "dercat" }, { "args": { "1": "osx", "2": "gmw-pro", "3": "*þarbu" }, "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *þarbu", "name": "inh" } ], "etymology_text": "From Proto-West Germanic *þarbu.", "forms": [ { "form": "tharvo", "tags": [ "genitive" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "osx-decl-noun-a-f-v", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "a-stem", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "class" ] }, { "form": "tharf", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "tharva", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "nominative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "tharf", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "tharva", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "accusative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "tharvō", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "singular" ] }, { "form": "tharvanō", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "genitive", "plural" ] }, { "form": "tharvu", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "singular" ] }, { "form": "tharvum", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "dative", "plural" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "singular" ] }, { "form": "-", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "instrumental", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "osx", "2": "noun", "3": "genitive", "4": "tharvo", "g": "f" }, "expansion": "tharf f (genitive tharvo)", "name": "head" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "tharf", "2": "tharv" }, "name": "osx-decl-noun-a-f-v" } ], "lang": "Old Saxon", "lang_code": "osx", "pos": "noun", "related": [ { "word": "tharfag" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Old Saxon a-stem nouns", "Old Saxon entries with incorrect language header", "Old Saxon feminine nouns", "Old Saxon lemmas", "Old Saxon nouns", "Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-Germanic", "Old Saxon terms derived from Proto-West Germanic", "Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-Germanic", "Old Saxon terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic", "Old Saxon terms with IPA pronunciation" ], "glosses": [ "need, lack, necessity" ], "links": [ [ "need", "need" ], [ "lack", "lack" ], [ "necessity", "necessity" ] ], "tags": [ "feminine" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/θɑrf/" }, { "ipa": "[ðɑrf]", "note": "late Old Saxon" } ], "word": "tharf" }
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