"tharf" meaning in Middle English

See tharf in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

Head templates: {{head|enm|adjective}} tharf
  1. Alternative form of therf Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: therf
    Sense id: en-tharf-enm-adj-MBlV3COw
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Verb

Etymology: From Old English þearf, first and third person singular indicative of þurfan (“to be in need, have need of, need to, be required to, be obliged to, owe”), from Proto-Germanic *þurfaną, *þurbaną, *þerbaną (“may, need to, be allowed to”), from Proto-Indo-European *terp-, *trep- (“to saturate, enjoy”). Cognate with Dutch durf (“(I) dare”) (infinitive durven), German darf (“(I) am allowed to”) (infinitive dürfen), Swedish tarva (“to require”), Icelandic þarf (“(I) need”) (infinitive þurfa). Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|þearf}} Old English þearf, {{der|enm|gem-pro|*þurfaną}} Proto-Germanic *þurfaną, {{der|enm|ine-pro|*terp-}} Proto-Indo-European *terp-, {{cog|nl|durf||(I) dare}} Dutch durf (“(I) dare”), {{cog|de|darf||(I) am allowed to}} German darf (“(I) am allowed to”), {{cog|sv|tarva||to require}} Swedish tarva (“to require”), {{cog|is|þarf||(I) need}} Icelandic þarf (“(I) need”) Head templates: {{head|enm|verb form}} tharf
  1. first/third-person singular present indicative of tharen Tags: first-person, form-of, indicative, present, singular, third-person Form of: tharen Synonyms: darf, þarf
    Sense id: en-tharf-enm-verb-Vh16Z9vK Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 10 90
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for tharf meaning in Middle English (2.8kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "thair"
          },
          "expansion": "English: thair",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: thair"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "thair"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: thair",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: thair"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "þearf"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English þearf",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*þurfaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þurfaną",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*terp-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *terp-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "durf",
        "3": "",
        "4": "(I) dare"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch durf (“(I) dare”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "darf",
        "3": "",
        "4": "(I) am allowed to"
      },
      "expansion": "German darf (“(I) am allowed to”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "tarva",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to require"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish tarva (“to require”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "þarf",
        "3": "",
        "4": "(I) need"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic þarf (“(I) need”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English þearf, first and third person singular indicative of þurfan (“to be in need, have need of, need to, be required to, be obliged to, owe”), from Proto-Germanic *þurfaną, *þurbaną, *þerbaną (“may, need to, be allowed to”), from Proto-Indo-European *terp-, *trep- (“to saturate, enjoy”).\nCognate with Dutch durf (“(I) dare”) (infinitive durven), German darf (“(I) am allowed to”) (infinitive dürfen), Swedish tarva (“to require”), Icelandic þarf (“(I) need”) (infinitive þurfa).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "tharf",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "10 90",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "tharen"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "first/third-person singular present indicative of tharen"
      ],
      "id": "en-tharf-enm-verb-Vh16Z9vK",
      "links": [
        [
          "tharen",
          "tharen#Middle English"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "darf"
        },
        {
          "word": "þarf"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "tharf"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "tharf",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "therf"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of therf"
      ],
      "id": "en-tharf-enm-adj-MBlV3COw",
      "links": [
        [
          "therf",
          "therf#Middle English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "tharf"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjectives",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English non-lemma forms",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English verb forms"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "thair"
          },
          "expansion": "English: thair",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: thair"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "thair"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: thair",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: thair"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "þearf"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English þearf",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*þurfaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *þurfaną",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*terp-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *terp-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "durf",
        "3": "",
        "4": "(I) dare"
      },
      "expansion": "Dutch durf (“(I) dare”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "de",
        "2": "darf",
        "3": "",
        "4": "(I) am allowed to"
      },
      "expansion": "German darf (“(I) am allowed to”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "tarva",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to require"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish tarva (“to require”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "þarf",
        "3": "",
        "4": "(I) need"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic þarf (“(I) need”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English þearf, first and third person singular indicative of þurfan (“to be in need, have need of, need to, be required to, be obliged to, owe”), from Proto-Germanic *þurfaną, *þurbaną, *þerbaną (“may, need to, be allowed to”), from Proto-Indo-European *terp-, *trep- (“to saturate, enjoy”).\nCognate with Dutch durf (“(I) dare”) (infinitive durven), German darf (“(I) am allowed to”) (infinitive dürfen), Swedish tarva (“to require”), Icelandic þarf (“(I) need”) (infinitive þurfa).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "tharf",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English first-person singular forms",
        "Middle English third-person singular forms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "tharen"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "first/third-person singular present indicative of tharen"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tharen",
          "tharen#Middle English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "darf"
    },
    {
      "word": "þarf"
    }
  ],
  "word": "tharf"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English adjectives",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "adjective"
      },
      "expansion": "tharf",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "therf"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Alternative form of therf"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "therf",
          "therf#Middle English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "tharf"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.