See tempestuous on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tempestuously"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tempestuousness"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tempestuosity"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "untempestuous"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*temh₁-",
"4": "*ten-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tempestious"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tempestious",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "tempestous"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman tempestous",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tempesteus"
},
"expansion": "Old French tempesteus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "tempétueux"
},
"expansion": "French tempétueux",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "tempestuōsus",
"t": "stormy, turbulent, tempestuous; impetuous"
},
"expansion": "Latin tempestuōsus (“stormy, turbulent, tempestuous; impetuous”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*temh₁-",
"t": "to cut"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *temh₁- (“to cut”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tempest",
"3": "-uous"
},
"expansion": "tempest + -uous",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English tempestious, tempestous, tempestuous (“stormy, turbulent, tempestuous”), from Anglo-Norman tempestous, and Old French tempesteus, tempestos, tempestous, tempestuose (modern French tempétueux), and directly from its etymon Latin tempestuōsus (“stormy, turbulent, tempestuous; impetuous”), from tempestās, tempestūs (“point or period of time; season; weather, specifically bad weather; storm, tempest”) (from tempus (“period of time; (rare) weather”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *temh₁- (“to cut”) or *ten- (“to extend, stretch”)) + -ōsus (suffix meaning ‘full of; overly; prone to’ forming adjectives from nouns). The English word is equivalent to tempest + -uous (a variant of -ous (suffix forming adjectives from nouns, denoting the presence of a quality, typically in abundance)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more tempestuous",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most tempestuous",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tempestuous (comparative more tempestuous, superlative most tempestuous)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tem‧pest‧u‧ous"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "tempest"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "tempestuate"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "untempestuous"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "46 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1509 December 24 (Gregorian calendar), Alexander Barclay, “[The Argument]”, in Sebastian Brant, translated by Alexander Barclay, edited by T[homas] H[ill] Jamieson, The Ship of Fools, volume I, Edinburgh: William Paterson; London: Henry Sotheran & Co., published 1874, →OCLC, page 18",
"text": "I wyl aduertise you that this Boke is named the Shyp of foles of the worlde: For this worlde is nought els but a tempestous se in the whiche we dayly wander and are caste in dyuers tribulacions paynes and aduersitees: some by ignoraunce and some by wilfulnes: wherfore such doers ar worthy to be called foles.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1718, Virgil, “Book the Second”, in Joseph Trapp, transl., The Æneis of Virgil, Translated into Blank Verse, volume I, London: [s.n.], →OCLC, page 54, lines 130–132",
"text": "But oft the Sea / Tempeſtuous kept them back, and Southern VVinds / Deter'd them.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1821 March 24, William Cobbett, “Naples”, in Cobbett’s Weekly Political Register, volume 38, number 12, London: […] C[harles Robert] Clement [for] John M. Cobbett, […], published 12 March 1825, →OCLC, column 828",
"text": "And now, he has got us, or, rather, has got himself and the Honourable House, riding on a stormy and tempestous wave and seated upon a short and narrow Plank; a situation that I really could wish to see nobody in; no, not even (when I recollect what tempestous waves are) the punning Orator himself; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1831, George Muir, “The Coursing Match. Canto I.”, in The Sports of the Field, […], Lanark, Lanarkshire: […] George Roberton, →OCLC, page 10",
"text": "The day was tempestous with rain and with wind, / Even chargers were seen to draw back; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1887 January, Frederic A[ugustus] Lucas, “Notes of a Bird Catcher”, in J[oel] A[saph] Allen, editor, The Auk: A Quarterly Journal of Ornithology, volume IV (New Series; volume XII overall), number I, New York, N.Y.: L. S. Foster for the American Ornithologists’ Union, →ISSN, →OCLC, pages 1–2",
"text": "Like all other sea birds, Albatrosses can be most easily enticed into biting during tempestous weather when, having been prevented for days from procuring their regular amount of food, the pangs of hunger overcome their natural distrust.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1898, George H. Hart, attorney for the plaintiff-respondent, Daniel Sullivan, plaintiff’s witness, Appellate Division of the Supreme Court, in the First Judicial Department. Catherine Kay, Plaintiff-Respondent, vs. Metropolitan Street Railway Company, Defendant-Appellant. Case on Appeal, New York, N.Y.: Douglas Taylor & Co., […], page 223",
"text": "Q. The night of this accident was an extremely tempestuous night, was it not? A. Well, it was a kind of a snow storm that night. […] I would regard such a night as a tempestuous night.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Donovan Hohn, “Going Overboard”, in Moby-Duck: The True Story of 28,800 Bath Toys Lost at Sea, London: Union Books, pages 9–10",
"text": "We know that the ship departed Hong Kong on January 6, that it arrived in the Port of Tacoma on January 16, a day behind schedule, and that the likely cause for this delay was rough weather. […] [O]n January 10, the Ever Laurel did not fax a weather report to the National Weather Service in Washington, D.C., but the following morning a ship in its vicinity did, describing hurricane-force winds and waves thirty-six feet high. If the Ever Laurel had encountered similarly tempestuous conditions, we can imagine, if only vaguely, what might have transpired: despite its grandeur, rocked by waves as tall as brownstones, the colossal vessel—a floating warehouse weighing 28,904 deadweight tons and powered by a diesel engine the size of a barn—would have rolled and pitched and yawed about like a toy in a Jacuzzi.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; also, of a place: frequently experiencing tempests; (very) stormy."
],
"id": "en-tempestuous-en-adj-UuvMl-r7",
"links": [
[
"pertain",
"pertain"
],
[
"resembling",
"resemble"
],
[
"tempest",
"tempest#Noun"
],
[
"place",
"place#Noun"
],
[
"frequently",
"frequently"
],
[
"experiencing",
"experience#Verb"
],
[
"stormy",
"stormy"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "breme"
},
{
"word": "nimbose"
},
{
"word": "procellous"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "furtunos"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "buren",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "бурен"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bušuvašt",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "бушуващ"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "tempestuós"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "洶湧"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xiōngyǒng",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "汹涌"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "stormachtig"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "myrskyisä"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "rajuilmainen"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "tempétueux"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "tempestuoso"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "stürmisch"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "gsw",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"tags": [
"Alemannic-German"
],
"word": "urig"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "thyellódis",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "θυελλώδης"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "thuellṓdēs",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "θυελλώδης"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "anfach"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "anfúil"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "sga",
"lang": "Old Irish",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "gáethmar"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "tempestoso"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "tempestuōsus"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "intempestus"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "procellōsus"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "buren",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "бурен"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "tempestuż"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "hūkerikeri"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "niwhaniwha"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "tākaha"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "whakarawarawa"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "tempestos"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "tempestuos"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "tempestuoso"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "tempestuos"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "furtunos"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "stoirmeil"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "бу̑ран"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "bȗran"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "tempestuoso"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "borrascoso"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "proceloso"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "stormig"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "masigwá"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "burémnyj",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "буре́мний"
},
{
"_dis1": "79 21",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "burxlývyj",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "бурхли́вий"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "untempestuous"
}
],
"categories": [
{
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],
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},
{
"_dis": "43 57",
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"examples": [
{
"text": "After their tempestuous argument, they did not speak to each other for weeks.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1753, Marcus Tullius Cicero, “Letter XXVI. To Ligarius.”, in William Melmoth, transl., The Letters of Marcus Tullius Cicero to Several of His Friends: […], volume II, London: […] R[obert] Dodsley […], →OCLC, book IX, pages 366–367",
"text": "Preſerve then, my friend, a firm and vigorous frame of mind: and if you bore the dark and tempeſtuous ſeaſon of your affairs vvith fortitude, let their preſent more ſerene and favorable aſpect fill your heart vvith chearfulneſs.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1967 (date written), Frank O’Hara, “Poem”, in Donald Allen, editor, The Collected Poems of Frank O’Hara, Berkeley; Los Angeles, Calif.; London: University of California Press, published 1995, page 211",
"text": "Tempestuous breaths! we watch a girl / walking in her garden—no flowers, a wintry shrub / and the cold clouds passing over. […] and through the cloth against her flesh / she feels the flashes of our heat.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2002, Shelley Peterson, “The Ghost”, in Stagestruck, Toronto, Ont.: Key Porter Books, page 45",
"text": "There were many stories circulating about Dancer [a horse], some fact, some fiction. Gossip about money offered for him and turned down. Rumors about his tempestuous disposition. Stories about people who'd tried to ride him and got hurt. Abby hoped that she wouldn't be another of those. If the fall didn't crush her, the disappointment would.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Characterized by disorderly, frenetic, or violent activity; stormy, tumultuous, turbulent; also, of a person, their behaviour or nature, etc.: characterized by bouts of bad temper or sudden changes of mood; impetuous, stormy, temperamental."
],
"id": "en-tempestuous-en-adj-CbR8Yq99",
"links": [
[
"Characterized",
"characterize"
],
[
"disorderly",
"disorderly"
],
[
"frenetic",
"frenetic"
],
[
"violent",
"violent#Adjective"
],
[
"activity",
"activity"
],
[
"tumultuous",
"tumultuous"
],
[
"turbulent",
"turbulent"
],
[
"person",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"behaviour",
"behavior"
],
[
"nature",
"nature#Noun"
],
[
"bouts",
"bout#Noun"
],
[
"bad",
"bad#Adjective"
],
[
"temper",
"temper#Noun"
],
[
"sudden",
"sudden#Adjective"
],
[
"changes",
"change#Noun"
],
[
"mood",
"mood#Noun"
],
[
"impetuous",
"impetuous"
],
[
"temperamental",
"temperamental"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) Characterized by disorderly, frenetic, or violent activity; stormy, tumultuous, turbulent; also, of a person, their behaviour or nature, etc.: characterized by bouts of bad temper or sudden changes of mood; impetuous, stormy, temperamental."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tɛmˈpɛs.tjʊ.əs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-t͡ʃʊ-/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɛmˈpɛst͡ʃə.wəs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɛmˈpɛs.t͡ʃəs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "tempestous"
}
],
"word": "tempestuous"
}
{
"categories": [
"English adjectives",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Anglo-Norman",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *temh₁-",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ten-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms suffixed with -uous",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Terms with Alemannic German translations",
"Terms with Ancient Greek translations",
"Terms with Aromanian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Maltese translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Old Irish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Scottish Gaelic translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "tempestuously"
},
{
"word": "tempestuousness"
},
{
"word": "tempestuosity"
},
{
"word": "untempestuous"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*temh₁-",
"4": "*ten-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "tempestious"
},
"expansion": "Middle English tempestious",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "xno",
"3": "tempestous"
},
"expansion": "Anglo-Norman tempestous",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "tempesteus"
},
"expansion": "Old French tempesteus",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "tempétueux"
},
"expansion": "French tempétueux",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "etymon"
},
"expansion": "etymon",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "tempestuōsus",
"t": "stormy, turbulent, tempestuous; impetuous"
},
"expansion": "Latin tempestuōsus (“stormy, turbulent, tempestuous; impetuous”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*temh₁-",
"t": "to cut"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *temh₁- (“to cut”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "suffix",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "adjective",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "noun"
},
"expansion": "noun",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "tempest",
"3": "-uous"
},
"expansion": "tempest + -uous",
"name": "affix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Late Middle English tempestious, tempestous, tempestuous (“stormy, turbulent, tempestuous”), from Anglo-Norman tempestous, and Old French tempesteus, tempestos, tempestous, tempestuose (modern French tempétueux), and directly from its etymon Latin tempestuōsus (“stormy, turbulent, tempestuous; impetuous”), from tempestās, tempestūs (“point or period of time; season; weather, specifically bad weather; storm, tempest”) (from tempus (“period of time; (rare) weather”), possibly from Proto-Indo-European *temh₁- (“to cut”) or *ten- (“to extend, stretch”)) + -ōsus (suffix meaning ‘full of; overly; prone to’ forming adjectives from nouns). The English word is equivalent to tempest + -uous (a variant of -ous (suffix forming adjectives from nouns, denoting the presence of a quality, typically in abundance)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more tempestuous",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most tempestuous",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "tempestuous (comparative more tempestuous, superlative most tempestuous)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"tem‧pest‧u‧ous"
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "tempest"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "tempestuate"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "untempestuous"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1509 December 24 (Gregorian calendar), Alexander Barclay, “[The Argument]”, in Sebastian Brant, translated by Alexander Barclay, edited by T[homas] H[ill] Jamieson, The Ship of Fools, volume I, Edinburgh: William Paterson; London: Henry Sotheran & Co., published 1874, →OCLC, page 18",
"text": "I wyl aduertise you that this Boke is named the Shyp of foles of the worlde: For this worlde is nought els but a tempestous se in the whiche we dayly wander and are caste in dyuers tribulacions paynes and aduersitees: some by ignoraunce and some by wilfulnes: wherfore such doers ar worthy to be called foles.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1718, Virgil, “Book the Second”, in Joseph Trapp, transl., The Æneis of Virgil, Translated into Blank Verse, volume I, London: [s.n.], →OCLC, page 54, lines 130–132",
"text": "But oft the Sea / Tempeſtuous kept them back, and Southern VVinds / Deter'd them.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1821 March 24, William Cobbett, “Naples”, in Cobbett’s Weekly Political Register, volume 38, number 12, London: […] C[harles Robert] Clement [for] John M. Cobbett, […], published 12 March 1825, →OCLC, column 828",
"text": "And now, he has got us, or, rather, has got himself and the Honourable House, riding on a stormy and tempestous wave and seated upon a short and narrow Plank; a situation that I really could wish to see nobody in; no, not even (when I recollect what tempestous waves are) the punning Orator himself; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1831, George Muir, “The Coursing Match. Canto I.”, in The Sports of the Field, […], Lanark, Lanarkshire: […] George Roberton, →OCLC, page 10",
"text": "The day was tempestous with rain and with wind, / Even chargers were seen to draw back; […]",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1887 January, Frederic A[ugustus] Lucas, “Notes of a Bird Catcher”, in J[oel] A[saph] Allen, editor, The Auk: A Quarterly Journal of Ornithology, volume IV (New Series; volume XII overall), number I, New York, N.Y.: L. S. Foster for the American Ornithologists’ Union, →ISSN, →OCLC, pages 1–2",
"text": "Like all other sea birds, Albatrosses can be most easily enticed into biting during tempestous weather when, having been prevented for days from procuring their regular amount of food, the pangs of hunger overcome their natural distrust.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "1898, George H. Hart, attorney for the plaintiff-respondent, Daniel Sullivan, plaintiff’s witness, Appellate Division of the Supreme Court, in the First Judicial Department. Catherine Kay, Plaintiff-Respondent, vs. Metropolitan Street Railway Company, Defendant-Appellant. Case on Appeal, New York, N.Y.: Douglas Taylor & Co., […], page 223",
"text": "Q. The night of this accident was an extremely tempestuous night, was it not? A. Well, it was a kind of a snow storm that night. […] I would regard such a night as a tempestuous night.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Donovan Hohn, “Going Overboard”, in Moby-Duck: The True Story of 28,800 Bath Toys Lost at Sea, London: Union Books, pages 9–10",
"text": "We know that the ship departed Hong Kong on January 6, that it arrived in the Port of Tacoma on January 16, a day behind schedule, and that the likely cause for this delay was rough weather. […] [O]n January 10, the Ever Laurel did not fax a weather report to the National Weather Service in Washington, D.C., but the following morning a ship in its vicinity did, describing hurricane-force winds and waves thirty-six feet high. If the Ever Laurel had encountered similarly tempestuous conditions, we can imagine, if only vaguely, what might have transpired: despite its grandeur, rocked by waves as tall as brownstones, the colossal vessel—a floating warehouse weighing 28,904 deadweight tons and powered by a diesel engine the size of a barn—would have rolled and pitched and yawed about like a toy in a Jacuzzi.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; also, of a place: frequently experiencing tempests; (very) stormy."
],
"links": [
[
"pertain",
"pertain"
],
[
"resembling",
"resemble"
],
[
"tempest",
"tempest#Noun"
],
[
"place",
"place#Noun"
],
[
"frequently",
"frequently"
],
[
"experiencing",
"experience#Verb"
],
[
"stormy",
"stormy"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "breme"
},
{
"word": "nimbose"
},
{
"word": "procellous"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "untempestuous"
}
],
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "After their tempestuous argument, they did not speak to each other for weeks.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1753, Marcus Tullius Cicero, “Letter XXVI. To Ligarius.”, in William Melmoth, transl., The Letters of Marcus Tullius Cicero to Several of His Friends: […], volume II, London: […] R[obert] Dodsley […], →OCLC, book IX, pages 366–367",
"text": "Preſerve then, my friend, a firm and vigorous frame of mind: and if you bore the dark and tempeſtuous ſeaſon of your affairs vvith fortitude, let their preſent more ſerene and favorable aſpect fill your heart vvith chearfulneſs.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "a. 1967 (date written), Frank O’Hara, “Poem”, in Donald Allen, editor, The Collected Poems of Frank O’Hara, Berkeley; Los Angeles, Calif.; London: University of California Press, published 1995, page 211",
"text": "Tempestuous breaths! we watch a girl / walking in her garden—no flowers, a wintry shrub / and the cold clouds passing over. […] and through the cloth against her flesh / she feels the flashes of our heat.",
"type": "quotation"
},
{
"ref": "2002, Shelley Peterson, “The Ghost”, in Stagestruck, Toronto, Ont.: Key Porter Books, page 45",
"text": "There were many stories circulating about Dancer [a horse], some fact, some fiction. Gossip about money offered for him and turned down. Rumors about his tempestuous disposition. Stories about people who'd tried to ride him and got hurt. Abby hoped that she wouldn't be another of those. If the fall didn't crush her, the disappointment would.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Characterized by disorderly, frenetic, or violent activity; stormy, tumultuous, turbulent; also, of a person, their behaviour or nature, etc.: characterized by bouts of bad temper or sudden changes of mood; impetuous, stormy, temperamental."
],
"links": [
[
"Characterized",
"characterize"
],
[
"disorderly",
"disorderly"
],
[
"frenetic",
"frenetic"
],
[
"violent",
"violent#Adjective"
],
[
"activity",
"activity"
],
[
"tumultuous",
"tumultuous"
],
[
"turbulent",
"turbulent"
],
[
"person",
"person#Noun"
],
[
"behaviour",
"behavior"
],
[
"nature",
"nature#Noun"
],
[
"bouts",
"bout#Noun"
],
[
"bad",
"bad#Adjective"
],
[
"temper",
"temper#Noun"
],
[
"sudden",
"sudden#Adjective"
],
[
"changes",
"change#Noun"
],
[
"mood",
"mood#Noun"
],
[
"impetuous",
"impetuous"
],
[
"temperamental",
"temperamental"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) Characterized by disorderly, frenetic, or violent activity; stormy, tumultuous, turbulent; also, of a person, their behaviour or nature, etc.: characterized by bouts of bad temper or sudden changes of mood; impetuous, stormy, temperamental."
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tɛmˈpɛs.tjʊ.əs/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/-t͡ʃʊ-/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɛmˈpɛst͡ʃə.wəs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tɛmˈpɛs.t͡ʃəs/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "tempestous"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "rup",
"lang": "Aromanian",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "furtunos"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "buren",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "бурен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "bušuvašt",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "бушуващ"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "tempestuós"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "洶湧"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "xiōngyǒng",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "汹涌"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "stormachtig"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "myrskyisä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "rajuilmainen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "tempétueux"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "tempestuoso"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "stürmisch"
},
{
"code": "gsw",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"tags": [
"Alemannic-German"
],
"word": "urig"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "thyellódis",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "θυελλώδης"
},
{
"code": "grc",
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"roman": "thuellṓdēs",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "θυελλώδης"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "anfach"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "anfúil"
},
{
"code": "sga",
"lang": "Old Irish",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "gáethmar"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "tempestoso"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "tempestuōsus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "intempestus"
},
{
"code": "la",
"lang": "Latin",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "procellōsus"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "buren",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "бурен"
},
{
"code": "mt",
"lang": "Maltese",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "tempestuż"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "hūkerikeri"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "niwhaniwha"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "tākaha"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "whakarawarawa"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "tempestos"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "tempestuos"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "tempestuoso"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "tempestuos"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "furtunos"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "stoirmeil"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
],
"word": "бу̑ран"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"tags": [
"Roman"
],
"word": "bȗran"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "tempestuoso"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "borrascoso"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "proceloso"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "stormig"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "masigwá"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "burémnyj",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "буре́мний"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "burxlývyj",
"sense": "of, pertaining to, or resembling, a tempest; of a place: frequently experiencing tempests — see also stormy",
"word": "бурхли́вий"
}
],
"word": "tempestuous"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tempestuous meaning in All languages combined (19.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.