"tępati" meaning in All languages combined

See tępati on Wiktionary

Verb [Proto-Slavic]

Etymology: Most likely onomatopoeic (Preobražensky). Perhaps from p-extension of Proto-Indo-European *(s)ten- (“to stun, to thunder”) or via nasal infix from the root of *tepti. In either case, should be distinguished from Proto-Balto-Slavic *témptei (“to pull, to stretch”) (whence Latvian stiept, Lithuanian tem̃pti, Proto-Slavic *tętiva (“tendon”)). The later, however, could be the origin of Russian тям (tjam, “grasp, intelligence”), Ukrainian тя́ма (tjáma, “id.”) (via suffixes *-mъ, *-ma), which have been speculated to bear relation with the onomatopoeic root. Etymology templates: {{der|sla-pro|ine-pro|*(s)ten-||to stun, to thunder}} Proto-Indo-European *(s)ten- (“to stun, to thunder”), {{m|sla-pro|*teti|*tepti}} *tepti, {{noncog|ine-bsl-pro|*témptei||to pull, to stretch}} Proto-Balto-Slavic *témptei (“to pull, to stretch”), {{cog|lv|stiept}} Latvian stiept, {{cog|lt|tem̃pti}} Lithuanian tem̃pti, {{cog|sla-pro|*tętiva||tendon}} Proto-Slavic *tętiva (“tendon”), {{cog|ru|тям||grasp, intelligence}} Russian тям (tjam, “grasp, intelligence”), {{cog|uk|тя́ма||id.}} Ukrainian тя́ма (tjáma, “id.”), {{m|sla-pro|*-mъ}} *-mъ, {{m|sla-pro|*-ma}} *-ma Inflection templates: {{sla-conj|impf|-1}} Forms: imperfective [table-tags], ? [accent-paradigm], tępanьje [noun-from-verb], tępati [infinitive], tępatъ [supine], tępalъ [l-participle], imperfective [table-tags], ? [accent-paradigm], tępanъ [participle, passive, past], tępajemъ [participle, passive, present], tępavъ [active, participle, past], tępaję [active, participle, present], imperfective [table-tags], ? [accent-paradigm], tępaxъ [aorist, first-person, singular], tępa [aorist, second-person, singular], tępa [aorist, singular, third-person], tępajǫ [first-person, present, singular], tępaješi [present, second-person, singular], tępajetь [present, singular, third-person], tępaxově [aorist, dual, first-person], tępasta [aorist, dual, second-person], tępaste [aorist, dual, third-person], tępajevě [dual, first-person, present], tępajeta [dual, present, second-person], tępajete [dual, present, third-person], tępaxomъ [aorist, first-person, plural], tępaste [aorist, plural, second-person], tępašę [aorist, plural, third-person], tępajemъ [first-person, plural, present], tępajete [plural, present, second-person], tępajǫtь [plural, present, third-person], tępaaxъ [first-person, imperfect, singular], tępaaše [imperfect, second-person, singular], tępaaše [imperfect, singular, third-person], - [first-person, imperative, singular], tępaji [imperative, second-person, singular], tępaji [imperative, singular, third-person], tępaaxově [dual, first-person, imperfect], tępaašeta [dual, imperfect, second-person], tępaašete [dual, imperfect, third-person], tępajivě [dual, first-person, imperative], tępajita [dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, imperative, third-person], tępaaxomъ [first-person, imperfect, plural], tępaašete [imperfect, plural, second-person], tępaaxǫ [imperfect, plural, third-person], tępajimъ [first-person, imperative, plural], tępajite [imperative, plural, second-person], - [imperative, plural, third-person]
  1. to smack, to clang, to ding (to make resonant noise) Tags: imperfective, reconstruction Synonyms: *čukati, *ťukati, *xlopati Related terms (*stonъ (“groan”) (possibly)): stǫkati (english: to groan, to clatter), stǫgonъ (english: moan)
    Sense id: en-tępati-sla-pro-verb-r~f1IcFr Categories (other): Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -a- Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header: 81 19 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -a-: 77 23 Disambiguation of '*stonъ (“groan”) (possibly)': 100 0
  2. (by extension) to hack with a tool Tags: broadly, imperfective, reconstruction
    Sense id: en-tępati-sla-pro-verb-EQjIzdXb
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: tępъkъ (english: descriptive adjective) Related terms: tupati (english: to beat, to drum), tǫpъ (english: stupid, blunt)

Download JSON data for tępati meaning in All languages combined (10.8kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "descriptive adjective",
      "word": "tępъkъ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "ця́паць"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: ця́паць (cjápacʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: ця́паць (cjápacʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "тя́пать",
            "3": "тя́паться"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: тя́пать (tjápatʹ), тя́паться (tjápatʹsja)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: тя́пать (tjápatʹ), тя́паться (tjápatʹsja)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "тя́пка",
            "der": "1",
            "t": "hoe"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Russian: тя́пка (tjápka, “hoe”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Russian: тя́пка (tjápka, “hoe”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "тя́пати"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: тя́пати (tjápaty)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: тя́пати (tjápaty)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "те́пам",
            "3": "те́пкам",
            "t2": "to stutter",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Bulgarian: те́пам (tépam), те́пкам (tépkam, “to stutter”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(dialectal)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Bulgarian: те́пам (tépam), те́пкам (tépkam, “to stutter”) (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "in the sense “to talk abstrusely, to babble”"
          },
          "expansion": "(in the sense “to talk abstrusely, to babble”)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Serbo-Croatian: (in the sense “to talk abstrusely, to babble”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "те̏пати",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: те̏пати",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: те̏пати"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "tȅpati",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: tȅpati",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: tȅpati"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "ťapit"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: ťapit",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(dialectal)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: ťapit (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "ciapać"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: ciapać",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "via East Slavic or from Czech-Slovak"
          },
          "expansion": "(via East Slavic or from Czech-Slovak)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: ciapać (via East Slavic or from Czech-Slovak)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "ťapkať"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: ťapkať",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: ťapkať"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)ten-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to stun, to thunder"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ten- (“to stun, to thunder”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*teti",
        "3": "*tepti"
      },
      "expansion": "*tepti",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "2": "*témptei",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to pull, to stretch"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *témptei (“to pull, to stretch”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "stiept"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian stiept",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "tem̃pti"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian tem̃pti",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*tętiva",
        "3": "",
        "4": "tendon"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tętiva (“tendon”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "тям",
        "3": "",
        "4": "grasp, intelligence"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian тям (tjam, “grasp, intelligence”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "uk",
        "2": "тя́ма",
        "3": "",
        "4": "id."
      },
      "expansion": "Ukrainian тя́ма (tjáma, “id.”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-mъ"
      },
      "expansion": "*-mъ",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-ma"
      },
      "expansion": "*-ma",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Most likely onomatopoeic (Preobražensky). Perhaps from p-extension of Proto-Indo-European *(s)ten- (“to stun, to thunder”) or via nasal infix from the root of *tepti.\nIn either case, should be distinguished from Proto-Balto-Slavic *témptei (“to pull, to stretch”) (whence Latvian stiept, Lithuanian tem̃pti, Proto-Slavic *tętiva (“tendon”)). The later, however, could be the origin of Russian тям (tjam, “grasp, intelligence”), Ukrainian тя́ма (tjáma, “id.”) (via suffixes *-mъ, *-ma), which have been speculated to bear relation with the onomatopoeic root.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępanьje",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępati",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępatъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępalъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "l-participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępanъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajemъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępavъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaję",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaxъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajǫ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaješi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajetь",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaxově",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępasta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajevě",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajeta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaxomъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępašę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajemъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajǫtь",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaaxъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaaše",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaaše",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaji",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaji",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaaxově",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaašeta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaašete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajivě",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaaxomъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaašete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaaxǫ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajimъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "2": "-1"
      },
      "name": "sla-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tępati",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "to beat, to drum",
      "word": "tupati"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "stupid, blunt",
      "word": "tǫpъ"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "81 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "77 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -a-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to smack, to clang, to ding (to make resonant noise)"
      ],
      "id": "en-tępati-sla-pro-verb-r~f1IcFr",
      "links": [
        [
          "smack",
          "smack"
        ],
        [
          "clang",
          "clang"
        ],
        [
          "ding",
          "ding"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "english": "to groan, to clatter",
          "sense": "*stonъ (“groan”) (possibly)",
          "word": "stǫkati"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "100 0",
          "english": "moan",
          "sense": "*stonъ (“groan”) (possibly)",
          "word": "stǫgonъ"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*čukati"
        },
        {
          "word": "*ťukati"
        },
        {
          "word": "*xlopati"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to hack with a tool"
      ],
      "id": "en-tępati-sla-pro-verb-EQjIzdXb",
      "links": [
        [
          "hack",
          "hack"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension) to hack with a tool"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "imperfective",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "tępati"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Slavic imperfective verbs",
    "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
    "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Slavic verbs",
    "Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -a-",
    "sla-conj with extra parameters/n"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "descriptive adjective",
      "word": "tępъkъ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "ця́паць"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: ця́паць (cjápacʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: ця́паць (cjápacʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "тя́пать",
            "3": "тя́паться"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: тя́пать (tjápatʹ), тя́паться (tjápatʹsja)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: тя́пать (tjápatʹ), тя́паться (tjápatʹsja)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "тя́пка",
            "der": "1",
            "t": "hoe"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Russian: тя́пка (tjápka, “hoe”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Russian: тя́пка (tjápka, “hoe”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "тя́пати"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: тя́пати (tjápaty)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: тя́пати (tjápaty)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "те́пам",
            "3": "те́пкам",
            "t2": "to stutter",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Bulgarian: те́пам (tépam), те́пкам (tépkam, “to stutter”)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(dialectal)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Bulgarian: те́пам (tépam), те́пкам (tépkam, “to stutter”) (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "in the sense “to talk abstrusely, to babble”"
          },
          "expansion": "(in the sense “to talk abstrusely, to babble”)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Serbo-Croatian: (in the sense “to talk abstrusely, to babble”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "те̏пати",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: те̏пати",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: те̏пати"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "tȅpati",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: tȅpati",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: tȅpati"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "ťapit"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: ťapit",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(dialectal)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: ťapit (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "ciapać"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: ciapać",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "via East Slavic or from Czech-Slovak"
          },
          "expansion": "(via East Slavic or from Czech-Slovak)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: ciapać (via East Slavic or from Czech-Slovak)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "ťapkať"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: ťapkať",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: ťapkať"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)ten-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to stun, to thunder"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)ten- (“to stun, to thunder”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*teti",
        "3": "*tepti"
      },
      "expansion": "*tepti",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "2": "*témptei",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to pull, to stretch"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *témptei (“to pull, to stretch”)",
      "name": "noncog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "stiept"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian stiept",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "tem̃pti"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian tem̃pti",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*tętiva",
        "3": "",
        "4": "tendon"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *tętiva (“tendon”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "тям",
        "3": "",
        "4": "grasp, intelligence"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian тям (tjam, “grasp, intelligence”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "uk",
        "2": "тя́ма",
        "3": "",
        "4": "id."
      },
      "expansion": "Ukrainian тя́ма (tjáma, “id.”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-mъ"
      },
      "expansion": "*-mъ",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-ma"
      },
      "expansion": "*-ma",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Most likely onomatopoeic (Preobražensky). Perhaps from p-extension of Proto-Indo-European *(s)ten- (“to stun, to thunder”) or via nasal infix from the root of *tepti.\nIn either case, should be distinguished from Proto-Balto-Slavic *témptei (“to pull, to stretch”) (whence Latvian stiept, Lithuanian tem̃pti, Proto-Slavic *tętiva (“tendon”)). The later, however, could be the origin of Russian тям (tjam, “grasp, intelligence”), Ukrainian тя́ма (tjáma, “id.”) (via suffixes *-mъ, *-ma), which have been speculated to bear relation with the onomatopoeic root.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępanьje",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępati",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępatъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępalъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "l-participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępanъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajemъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępavъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaję",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "?",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaxъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajǫ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaješi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajetь",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaxově",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępasta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajevě",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajeta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaxomъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępašę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajemъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajǫtь",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaaxъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaaše",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaaše",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaji",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaji",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaaxově",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaašeta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaašete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajivě",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaaxomъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaašete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępaaxǫ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajimъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tępajite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "2": "-1"
      },
      "name": "sla-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tępati",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "to beat, to drum",
      "word": "tupati"
    },
    {
      "english": "stupid, blunt",
      "word": "tǫpъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "to groan, to clatter",
      "sense": "*stonъ (“groan”) (possibly)",
      "word": "stǫkati"
    },
    {
      "english": "moan",
      "sense": "*stonъ (“groan”) (possibly)",
      "word": "stǫgonъ"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to smack, to clang, to ding (to make resonant noise)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "smack",
          "smack"
        ],
        [
          "clang",
          "clang"
        ],
        [
          "ding",
          "ding"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*čukati"
        },
        {
          "word": "*ťukati"
        },
        {
          "word": "*xlopati"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "imperfective",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to hack with a tool"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hack",
          "hack"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(by extension) to hack with a tool"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "broadly",
        "imperfective",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "tępati"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.