See sulk on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*selǵ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sulky"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from sulky",
"name": "back-formation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "*sulke"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *sulke",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "āsolcennys",
"t": "idleness; slothfulness; sluggishness; laziness"
},
"expansion": "Old English āsolcennys (“idleness; slothfulness; sluggishness; laziness”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "āseolcan",
"t": "be slow; be weak or slothful; languish"
},
"expansion": "Old English āseolcan (“be slow; be weak or slothful; languish”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*selkaną",
"t": "to fall in drops; dribble; droop"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *selkaną (“to fall in drops; dribble; droop”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*sélǵ-o-nom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sélǵ-o-nom",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*sarȷ́-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *sarȷ́-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "सृजति",
"tr": "sṛjáti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit सृजति (sṛjáti)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒊭𒀠𒀝𒍣",
"3": "",
"4": "knead, mix",
"tr": "ša-al-ak-zi",
"ts": "šalkzi"
},
"expansion": "Hittite 𒊭𒀠𒀝𒍣 (ša-al-ak-zi /šalkzi/, “knead, mix”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation from sulky, of uncertain origin. Probably from Middle English *sulke, *solke (attested in solcenesse (“idleness; laziness”), from Old English āsolcennys (“idleness; slothfulness; sluggishness; laziness”), from āsolcen (“sulky, languid”), from past participle of Old English āseolcan (“be slow; be weak or slothful; languish”), from Proto-Germanic *selkaną (“to fall in drops; dribble; droop”), from Proto-Indo-European *sélǵ-o-nom, from *selǵ- (“to let go, send”). Cognate with several Indo-Iranian words deriving from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sarȷ́- (such as Sanskrit सृजति (sṛjáti), सर्जति (sarjati), सर्जन (sárjana), सृक (sṛká)), possibly Hittite 𒊭𒀠𒀝𒍣 (ša-al-ak-zi /šalkzi/, “knead, mix”), although the semantic connection is weak.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sulks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sulking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sulked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sulked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sulk (third-person singular simple present sulks, present participle sulking, simple past and past participle sulked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "9 9 12 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English back-formations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 8 5 75",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 8 15 10 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 7 7 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 7 6 8 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 5 6 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 13 38 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 13 13 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Belarusian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 18 12 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 16 9 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Cantonese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 18 12 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 18 34 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 13 8 73",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 12 13 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 13 7 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 17 11 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 12 12 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 10 10 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 12 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 19 8 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 15 9 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hokkien translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 14 38 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 15 10 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 8 8 75",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 10 9 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 18 12 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 15 8 69",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 18 12 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 19 13 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 9 5 82",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 14 21 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Occitan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 13 38 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 17 13 59",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 13 38 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 18 12 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 10 9 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 13 38 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 10 9 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 17 11 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 18 12 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Tagalog translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 15 10 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 18 12 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 13 38 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1886 May 1 – July 31, Robert Louis Stevenson, Kidnapped, being Memoirs of the Adventures of David Balfour in the Year 1751: […], London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 1886, →OCLC:",
"text": "Mr. Riach, who had been to the college, spoke to me like a friend when he was not sulking, and told me many curious things, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1922 February, James Joyce, “[Episode 1]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "You crossed her last wish in death and yet you sulk with me because I don’t whinge like some hired mute from Lalouette’s.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn."
],
"id": "en-sulk-en-verb-Xh8ceK~W",
"links": [
[
"sullenly",
"sullen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "sulker"
},
{
"word": "sulkily"
},
{
"word": "sulkiness"
},
{
"word": "sulky"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mope"
}
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "darılmaq"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "kryŭdzicca",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "крыўдзіцца"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "kavjezicca",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "кавезіцца"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "musja se",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "муся се"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "cupja se",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "цупя се"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "emmurriar-se"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "enfurrunyar-se"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "juēzuǐ",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "撅嘴"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "juē",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "噘"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yōufèn",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "幽憤 /幽愤"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "trucovat"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "surmule"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "sikkeneurig zijn"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "mokken"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "pruilen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "paŭti"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "murjottaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "mököttää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "jurnuttaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "bouder"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "faire la gueule"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "schmollen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "moutróno",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "μουτρώνω"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "skythropiázo",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "σκυθρωπιάζω"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "katsoufiázo",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "κατσουφιάζω"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "za'af",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "זעף"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "duzzog"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "fare l'offeso"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "tenere il muso"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "tenere il broncio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "imbronciarsi"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "piangersi addosso"
},
{
"alt": "すねる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "suneru",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "拗ねる"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yasagureru",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "やさぐれる"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "siljjukgeorida",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "실쭉거리다"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "whakamoroki"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "whakamotutoke"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "whakakeke"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "furte"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "surmule"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "furte"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "surmule"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "fonhar"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "far lo morre"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "chorrar"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "qahr",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "قهر"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "obrażać się"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dąsać się"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "boczyć się"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "amuar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"note": "estar mal-humorado estar de mau humor",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ficar emburrado"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "prender o burro"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "îmbufnat"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dútʹsja",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "ду́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kúksitʹsja",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "ку́кситься"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "opúchať sa"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "fúkať sa"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "odúvať sa"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "enfurruñarse"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "amohinarse"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "tjura"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "tampo"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "küsmek"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "darılmak"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "gücenmek"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "surat asmak"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "dútysja",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ду́тися"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "hờn dỗi"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sʌlk/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sulk.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/En-us-sulk.ogg/En-us-sulk.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/En-us-sulk.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌlk"
}
],
"word": "sulk"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*selǵ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sulky"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from sulky",
"name": "back-formation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "*sulke"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *sulke",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "āsolcennys",
"t": "idleness; slothfulness; sluggishness; laziness"
},
"expansion": "Old English āsolcennys (“idleness; slothfulness; sluggishness; laziness”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "āseolcan",
"t": "be slow; be weak or slothful; languish"
},
"expansion": "Old English āseolcan (“be slow; be weak or slothful; languish”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*selkaną",
"t": "to fall in drops; dribble; droop"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *selkaną (“to fall in drops; dribble; droop”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*sélǵ-o-nom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sélǵ-o-nom",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*sarȷ́-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *sarȷ́-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "सृजति",
"tr": "sṛjáti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit सृजति (sṛjáti)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒊭𒀠𒀝𒍣",
"3": "",
"4": "knead, mix",
"tr": "ša-al-ak-zi",
"ts": "šalkzi"
},
"expansion": "Hittite 𒊭𒀠𒀝𒍣 (ša-al-ak-zi /šalkzi/, “knead, mix”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation from sulky, of uncertain origin. Probably from Middle English *sulke, *solke (attested in solcenesse (“idleness; laziness”), from Old English āsolcennys (“idleness; slothfulness; sluggishness; laziness”), from āsolcen (“sulky, languid”), from past participle of Old English āseolcan (“be slow; be weak or slothful; languish”), from Proto-Germanic *selkaną (“to fall in drops; dribble; droop”), from Proto-Indo-European *sélǵ-o-nom, from *selǵ- (“to let go, send”). Cognate with several Indo-Iranian words deriving from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sarȷ́- (such as Sanskrit सृजति (sṛjáti), सर्जति (sarjati), सर्जन (sárjana), सृक (sṛká)), possibly Hittite 𒊭𒀠𒀝𒍣 (ša-al-ak-zi /šalkzi/, “knead, mix”), although the semantic connection is weak.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sulks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sulk (plural sulks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Leo has been in a sulk all morning.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1986, John le Carré, A Perfect Spy:",
"text": "He thanks our miserable Liberal agent, an unbeliever called Donald Somebody, see the caption, who since the court's arrival on his territory has retired into a fuming sulk from which he has only tonight emerged.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Harriet S. Caswell, Walter Harland Or, Memories of the Past, tredition, →ISBN:",
"text": "\"[…] home during the holidays,\" said the Doctor with a good-humoured laugh, \"but a fit of the sulks is no very uncommon thing for him;\" and then he added,[…]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A state of sulking."
],
"id": "en-sulk-en-noun--g01OVqg",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "86 10 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "musene",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "мусене"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 10 4",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "cupene",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "цупене"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 10 4",
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "mun⁶ hei³",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"word": "悶氣 /闷气"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 10 4",
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "būn-khì",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "悶氣 /闷气"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 10 4",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mènqì",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"word": "悶氣 /闷气"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 10 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"word": "gemok"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 10 4",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"word": "gepruil"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 10 4",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Schmollen"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 10 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tormas"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 10 4",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "stuaic"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 10 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"tags": [
"nonvirile"
],
"word": "dąsy"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 10 4",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"tags": [
"nonvirile"
],
"word": "fochy"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 10 4",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"word": "amuo"
},
{
"_dis1": "86 10 4",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "bir karış surat"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 13 38 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 18 34 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 14 38 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 13 38 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 13 38 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 13 38 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 13 38 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1918, Norman Lindsay, The Magic Pudding, page 82:",
"text": "The Puddin', who had got the sulks over Sam's remark that fifteen goes of steak and kidney were enough for any self-respecting man, protested against the singing, which, he said, disturbed his gravy.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fit of sulking; a sulking mood."
],
"id": "en-sulk-en-noun-Xfck9lxo",
"qualifier": "preceded by definite article",
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural, preceded by definite article) A fit of sulking; a sulking mood."
],
"tags": [
"in-plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 13 38 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 18 34 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 14 38 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 13 38 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Persian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 13 38 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 13 38 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovak translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 13 38 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Don't be such a sulk, Leo!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who sulks"
],
"id": "en-sulk-en-noun-tK3TlSL0"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sʌlk/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sulk.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/En-us-sulk.ogg/En-us-sulk.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/En-us-sulk.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌlk"
}
],
"word": "sulk"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "",
"name": "lena"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Latin sulcus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sulks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sulk (plural sulks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A furrow."
],
"id": "en-sulk-en-noun-VXAIMz8G",
"links": [
[
"furrow",
"furrow"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sʌlk/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sulk.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/En-us-sulk.ogg/En-us-sulk.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/En-us-sulk.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌlk"
}
],
"word": "sulk"
}
{
"categories": [
"English back-formations",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *selǵ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English undefined derivations",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for attention in Latin etymologies",
"Rhymes:English/ʌlk",
"Rhymes:English/ʌlk/1 syllable",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hokkien translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*selǵ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sulky"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from sulky",
"name": "back-formation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "*sulke"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *sulke",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "āsolcennys",
"t": "idleness; slothfulness; sluggishness; laziness"
},
"expansion": "Old English āsolcennys (“idleness; slothfulness; sluggishness; laziness”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "āseolcan",
"t": "be slow; be weak or slothful; languish"
},
"expansion": "Old English āseolcan (“be slow; be weak or slothful; languish”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*selkaną",
"t": "to fall in drops; dribble; droop"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *selkaną (“to fall in drops; dribble; droop”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*sélǵ-o-nom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sélǵ-o-nom",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*sarȷ́-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *sarȷ́-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "सृजति",
"tr": "sṛjáti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit सृजति (sṛjáti)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒊭𒀠𒀝𒍣",
"3": "",
"4": "knead, mix",
"tr": "ša-al-ak-zi",
"ts": "šalkzi"
},
"expansion": "Hittite 𒊭𒀠𒀝𒍣 (ša-al-ak-zi /šalkzi/, “knead, mix”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation from sulky, of uncertain origin. Probably from Middle English *sulke, *solke (attested in solcenesse (“idleness; laziness”), from Old English āsolcennys (“idleness; slothfulness; sluggishness; laziness”), from āsolcen (“sulky, languid”), from past participle of Old English āseolcan (“be slow; be weak or slothful; languish”), from Proto-Germanic *selkaną (“to fall in drops; dribble; droop”), from Proto-Indo-European *sélǵ-o-nom, from *selǵ- (“to let go, send”). Cognate with several Indo-Iranian words deriving from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sarȷ́- (such as Sanskrit सृजति (sṛjáti), सर्जति (sarjati), सर्जन (sárjana), सृक (sṛká)), possibly Hittite 𒊭𒀠𒀝𒍣 (ša-al-ak-zi /šalkzi/, “knead, mix”), although the semantic connection is weak.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sulks",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sulking",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "sulked",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "sulked",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sulk (third-person singular simple present sulks, present participle sulking, simple past and past participle sulked)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "sulker"
},
{
"word": "sulkily"
},
{
"word": "sulkiness"
},
{
"word": "sulky"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1886 May 1 – July 31, Robert Louis Stevenson, Kidnapped, being Memoirs of the Adventures of David Balfour in the Year 1751: […], London; Paris: Cassell & Company, published 1886, →OCLC:",
"text": "Mr. Riach, who had been to the college, spoke to me like a friend when he was not sulking, and told me many curious things, […]",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1922 February, James Joyce, “[Episode 1]”, in Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC:",
"text": "You crossed her last wish in death and yet you sulk with me because I don’t whinge like some hired mute from Lalouette’s.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn."
],
"links": [
[
"sullenly",
"sullen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sʌlk/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sulk.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/En-us-sulk.ogg/En-us-sulk.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/En-us-sulk.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌlk"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "mope"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "az",
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "darılmaq"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "kryŭdzicca",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "крыўдзіцца"
},
{
"code": "be",
"lang": "Belarusian",
"roman": "kavjezicca",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "кавезіцца"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "musja se",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "муся се"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "cupja se",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "цупя се"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "emmurriar-se"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "enfurrunyar-se"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "juēzuǐ",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "撅嘴"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "juē",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "噘"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "yōufèn",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "幽憤 /幽愤"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "trucovat"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "surmule"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "sikkeneurig zijn"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "mokken"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "pruilen"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "paŭti"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "murjottaa"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "mököttää"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "jurnuttaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "bouder"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "faire la gueule"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "schmollen"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "moutróno",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "μουτρώνω"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "skythropiázo",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "σκυθρωπιάζω"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "katsoufiázo",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "κατσουφιάζω"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "za'af",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "זעף"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "duzzog"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "fare l'offeso"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "tenere il muso"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "tenere il broncio"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "imbronciarsi"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "piangersi addosso"
},
{
"alt": "すねる",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "suneru",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "拗ねる"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "yasagureru",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "やさぐれる"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "siljjukgeorida",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "실쭉거리다"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "whakamoroki"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "whakamotutoke"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "whakakeke"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "furte"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "surmule"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "furte"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "surmule"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "fonhar"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "far lo morre"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "chorrar"
},
{
"code": "fa",
"lang": "Persian",
"roman": "qahr",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "قهر"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "obrażać się"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dąsać się"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "boczyć się"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "amuar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"note": "estar mal-humorado estar de mau humor",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ficar emburrado"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "prender o burro"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "îmbufnat"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dútʹsja",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "ду́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "kúksitʹsja",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "ку́кситься"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "opúchať sa"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "fúkať sa"
},
{
"code": "sk",
"lang": "Slovak",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "odúvať sa"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "enfurruñarse"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "amohinarse"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "tjura"
},
{
"code": "tl",
"lang": "Tagalog",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "tampo"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "küsmek"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "darılmak"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "gücenmek"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "surat asmak"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "dútysja",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "ду́тися"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "to express ill humor or offence by remaining sullenly silent or withdrawn",
"word": "hờn dỗi"
}
],
"word": "sulk"
}
{
"categories": [
"English back-formations",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old English",
"English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *selǵ-",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"English terms inherited from Old English",
"English terms with unknown etymologies",
"English undefined derivations",
"English verbs",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for attention in Latin etymologies",
"Rhymes:English/ʌlk",
"Rhymes:English/ʌlk/1 syllable",
"Terms with Azerbaijani translations",
"Terms with Belarusian translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Cantonese translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hokkien translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Occitan translations",
"Terms with Persian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovak translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Tagalog translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations",
"Terms with Ukrainian translations",
"Terms with Vietnamese translations"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*selǵ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sulky"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from sulky",
"name": "back-formation"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "*sulke"
},
"expansion": "Middle English *sulke",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "āsolcennys",
"t": "idleness; slothfulness; sluggishness; laziness"
},
"expansion": "Old English āsolcennys (“idleness; slothfulness; sluggishness; laziness”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ang",
"3": "āseolcan",
"t": "be slow; be weak or slothful; languish"
},
"expansion": "Old English āseolcan (“be slow; be weak or slothful; languish”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*selkaną",
"t": "to fall in drops; dribble; droop"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *selkaną (“to fall in drops; dribble; droop”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*sélǵ-o-nom"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sélǵ-o-nom",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*sarȷ́-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *sarȷ́-",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "सृजति",
"tr": "sṛjáti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit सृजति (sṛjáti)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hit",
"2": "𒊭𒀠𒀝𒍣",
"3": "",
"4": "knead, mix",
"tr": "ša-al-ak-zi",
"ts": "šalkzi"
},
"expansion": "Hittite 𒊭𒀠𒀝𒍣 (ša-al-ak-zi /šalkzi/, “knead, mix”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation from sulky, of uncertain origin. Probably from Middle English *sulke, *solke (attested in solcenesse (“idleness; laziness”), from Old English āsolcennys (“idleness; slothfulness; sluggishness; laziness”), from āsolcen (“sulky, languid”), from past participle of Old English āseolcan (“be slow; be weak or slothful; languish”), from Proto-Germanic *selkaną (“to fall in drops; dribble; droop”), from Proto-Indo-European *sélǵ-o-nom, from *selǵ- (“to let go, send”). Cognate with several Indo-Iranian words deriving from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sarȷ́- (such as Sanskrit सृजति (sṛjáti), सर्जति (sarjati), सर्जन (sárjana), सृक (sṛká)), possibly Hittite 𒊭𒀠𒀝𒍣 (ša-al-ak-zi /šalkzi/, “knead, mix”), although the semantic connection is weak.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sulks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sulk (plural sulks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Leo has been in a sulk all morning.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"ref": "1986, John le Carré, A Perfect Spy:",
"text": "He thanks our miserable Liberal agent, an unbeliever called Donald Somebody, see the caption, who since the court's arrival on his territory has retired into a fuming sulk from which he has only tonight emerged.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2012, Harriet S. Caswell, Walter Harland Or, Memories of the Past, tredition, →ISBN:",
"text": "\"[…] home during the holidays,\" said the Doctor with a good-humoured laugh, \"but a fit of the sulks is no very uncommon thing for him;\" and then he added,[…]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A state of sulking."
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1918, Norman Lindsay, The Magic Pudding, page 82:",
"text": "The Puddin', who had got the sulks over Sam's remark that fifteen goes of steak and kidney were enough for any self-respecting man, protested against the singing, which, he said, disturbed his gravy.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A fit of sulking; a sulking mood."
],
"qualifier": "preceded by definite article",
"raw_glosses": [
"(in the plural, preceded by definite article) A fit of sulking; a sulking mood."
],
"tags": [
"in-plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "Don't be such a sulk, Leo!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A person who sulks"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sʌlk/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sulk.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/En-us-sulk.ogg/En-us-sulk.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/En-us-sulk.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌlk"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "musene",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "мусене"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "cupene",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "цупене"
},
{
"code": "yue",
"lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
"roman": "mun⁶ hei³",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"word": "悶氣 /闷气"
},
{
"code": "nan-hbl",
"lang": "Chinese",
"roman": "būn-khì",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "悶氣 /闷气"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mènqì",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"word": "悶氣 /闷气"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"word": "gemok"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"word": "gepruil"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Schmollen"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tormas"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "stuaic"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"tags": [
"nonvirile"
],
"word": "dąsy"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"tags": [
"nonvirile"
],
"word": "fochy"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"word": "amuo"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "state of sulking",
"tags": [
"figuratively"
],
"word": "bir karış surat"
}
],
"word": "sulk"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English undefined derivations",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for attention in Latin etymologies",
"Rhymes:English/ʌlk",
"Rhymes:English/ʌlk/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Latin",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "",
"name": "lena"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Latin sulcus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sulks",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sulk (plural sulks)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A furrow."
],
"links": [
[
"furrow",
"furrow"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/sʌlk/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-sulk.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f2/En-us-sulk.ogg/En-us-sulk.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/En-us-sulk.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʌlk"
}
],
"word": "sulk"
}
Download raw JSONL data for sulk meaning in All languages combined (25.8kB)
{
"called_from": "translations/609-20230504",
"msg": "Translation too long compared to word, so it is skipped",
"path": [
"sulk"
],
"section": "English",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "sulk",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (9a96ef4 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.