"scheld" meaning in All languages combined

See scheld on Wiktionary

Verb [Dutch]

Audio: Nl-scheld.ogg
Rhymes: -ɛlt Head templates: {{head|nl|verb form}} scheld
  1. inflection of schelden:
    first-person singular present indicative
    Tags: first-person, form-of, indicative, present, singular Form of: schelden
    Sense id: en-scheld-nl-verb-GqsecnKm Categories (other): Dutch entries with incorrect language header, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Dutch entries with incorrect language header: 44 44 13 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 25 25 9 3 5 5 11 7 6 4 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 27 27 4 2 10 10 8 8 3 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 32 32 2 1 6 6 9 8 2 1
  2. inflection of schelden:
    (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
    Tags: form-of, indicative, present, second-person, singular Form of: schelden
    Sense id: en-scheld-nl-verb-8RK3LiyT Categories (other): Dutch entries with incorrect language header, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Dutch entries with incorrect language header: 44 44 13 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 25 25 9 3 5 5 11 7 6 4 Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 27 27 4 2 10 10 8 8 3 2 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 32 32 2 1 6 6 9 8 2 1
  3. inflection of schelden:
    imperative
    Tags: form-of, imperative Form of: schelden
    Sense id: en-scheld-nl-verb-0FHf8IHR Categories (other): Dutch entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Dutch entries with incorrect language header: 44 44 13

Noun [Middle English]

IPA: /ˈʃeːld/, /ˈʃiːld/
Etymology: From Old English sċield, sċeld, sċild, sċyld. Etymology templates: {{dercat|enm|gmw-pro|gem-pro|ine-pro|inh=2}}, {{inh|enm|ang|sċield|sċield, sċeld, sċild, sċyld}} Old English sċield, sċeld, sċild, sċyld Head templates: {{head|enm|nouns|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} scheld, {{enm-noun|scheldes|schelden}} scheld (plural scheldes) Forms: scheldes [plural], seeld [alternative], seald [alternative], sceld [alternative], scelde [alternative], sheld [alternative], shild [alternative], schild [alternative], shelde [alternative], scheeld [alternative], sheeld [alternative], schelde [alternative], schylde [alternative], schielde [alternative], schilde [alternative], sseld [alternative]
  1. A shield (a plate of portable armour)
    Sense id: en-scheld-enm-noun-ZtV70GIw Categories (other): Armor Disambiguation of Armor: 17 5 17 19 19 12 12
  2. An object that resembles a shield:
    (rare) A rough region around a boar's neck; the meat from this region.
    Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-scheld-enm-noun-AiI0vHm2 Categories (other): Pages with 2 entries, Cuts of meat Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 27 27 4 2 10 10 8 8 3 2 Disambiguation of Cuts of meat: 9 31 10 12 12 15 11
  3. An object that resembles a shield:
    (rare) A escutcheon; a coat-of-arms.
    Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-scheld-enm-noun-0sFx4hv9 Categories (other): Pages with 2 entries, Armor Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 27 27 4 2 10 10 8 8 3 2 Disambiguation of Armor: 17 5 17 19 19 12 12
  4. Any form of shielding or armament:
    (religion) Spiritual guarding or shielding.
    Sense id: en-scheld-enm-noun-bF7uAMYr Categories (other): Religion, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Armor Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 25 25 9 3 5 5 11 7 6 4 Disambiguation of Armor: 17 5 17 19 19 12 12 Topics: lifestyle, religion
  5. Any form of shielding or armament:
    A refuge, hideout, or safehouse.
    Sense id: en-scheld-enm-noun--gLLC1UB Categories (other): Armor Disambiguation of Armor: 17 5 17 19 19 12 12
  6. (rare) Authority, power, influence. Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-scheld-enm-noun-a28V~Mfn Categories (other): Armor Disambiguation of Armor: 17 5 17 19 19 12 12
  7. (rare) Heavy infantry; soldiers armed with shields. Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-scheld-enm-noun-gsUl3WZk Categories (other): Armor Disambiguation of Armor: 17 5 17 19 19 12 12
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: scheltroun, schilder, schildyng, shelden

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

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  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "scheld",
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  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "44 44 13",
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          "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
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        {
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        {
          "_dis": "32 32 2 1 6 6 9 8 2 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
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        {
          "word": "schelden"
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        "inflection of schelden:",
        "first-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "id": "en-scheld-nl-verb-GqsecnKm",
      "links": [
        [
          "schelden",
          "schelden#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
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        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
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          "_dis": "44 44 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
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          "_dis": "25 25 9 3 5 5 11 7 6 4",
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        "inflection of schelden:",
        "second-person singular present indicative"
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      "links": [
        [
          "schelden",
          "schelden#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of schelden:",
        "(in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in case of inversion"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
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          "_dis": "44 44 13",
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          "name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
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        {
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      "glosses": [
        "inflection of schelden:",
        "imperative"
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      "id": "en-scheld-nl-verb-0FHf8IHR",
      "links": [
        [
          "schelden",
          "schelden#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "Nl-scheld.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/84/Nl-scheld.ogg/Nl-scheld.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Nl-scheld.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛlt"
    }
  ],
  "word": "scheld"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "shield"
          },
          "expansion": "English: shield",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: shield"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "shield",
            "3": "scheld",
            "4": "scheild"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: shield, scheld, scheild",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: shield, scheld, scheild"
    }
  ],
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        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "gem-pro",
        "4": "ine-pro",
        "inh": "2"
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      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
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      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "sċield",
        "4": "sċield, sċeld, sċild, sċyld"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English sċield, sċeld, sċild, sċyld",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English sċield, sċeld, sċild, sċyld.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "scheldes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seeld",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seald",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sceld",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scelde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sheld",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shild",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schild",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shelde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scheeld",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sheeld",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schelde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schylde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schielde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schilde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sseld",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
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      "args": {
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        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "scheld",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "scheldes",
        "2": "schelden"
      },
      "expansion": "scheld (plural scheldes)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "scheltroun"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "schilder"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "schildyng"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "shelden"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 5 17 19 19 12 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Armor",
          "orig": "enm:Armor",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A shield (a plate of portable armour)"
      ],
      "id": "en-scheld-enm-noun-ZtV70GIw"
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "27 27 4 2 10 10 8 8 3 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
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        },
        {
          "_dis": "9 31 10 12 12 15 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Cuts of meat",
          "orig": "enm:Cuts of meat",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An object that resembles a shield:",
        "A rough region around a boar's neck; the meat from this region."
      ],
      "id": "en-scheld-enm-noun-AiI0vHm2",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "An object that resembles a shield:",
        "(rare) A rough region around a boar's neck; the meat from this region."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "27 27 4 2 10 10 8 8 3 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 5 17 19 19 12 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Armor",
          "orig": "enm:Armor",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An object that resembles a shield:",
        "A escutcheon; a coat-of-arms."
      ],
      "id": "en-scheld-enm-noun-0sFx4hv9",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "An object that resembles a shield:",
        "(rare) A escutcheon; a coat-of-arms."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Religion",
          "orig": "enm:Religion",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "25 25 9 3 5 5 11 7 6 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 5 17 19 19 12 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Armor",
          "orig": "enm:Armor",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any form of shielding or armament:",
        "Spiritual guarding or shielding."
      ],
      "id": "en-scheld-enm-noun-bF7uAMYr",
      "links": [
        [
          "religion",
          "religion"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Any form of shielding or armament:",
        "(religion) Spiritual guarding or shielding."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "lifestyle",
        "religion"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 5 17 19 19 12 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Armor",
          "orig": "enm:Armor",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any form of shielding or armament:",
        "A refuge, hideout, or safehouse."
      ],
      "id": "en-scheld-enm-noun--gLLC1UB",
      "links": [
        [
          "refuge",
          "refuge"
        ],
        [
          "hideout",
          "hideout"
        ],
        [
          "safehouse",
          "safehouse"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 5 17 19 19 12 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Armor",
          "orig": "enm:Armor",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Authority, power, influence."
      ],
      "id": "en-scheld-enm-noun-a28V~Mfn",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) Authority, power, influence."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 5 17 19 19 12 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Armor",
          "orig": "enm:Armor",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Heavy infantry; soldiers armed with shields."
      ],
      "id": "en-scheld-enm-noun-gsUl3WZk",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) Heavy infantry; soldiers armed with shields."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈʃeːld/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈʃiːld/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "scheld"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
    "Dutch non-lemma forms",
    "Dutch verb forms",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/ɛlt",
    "Rhymes:Dutch/ɛlt/1 syllable",
    "enm:Armor",
    "enm:Cuts of meat"
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nl",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "scheld",
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  ],
  "lang": "Dutch",
  "lang_code": "nl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "schelden"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of schelden:",
        "first-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "schelden",
          "schelden#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "schelden"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of schelden:",
        "second-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "schelden",
          "schelden#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "inflection of schelden:",
        "(in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in case of inversion"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "schelden"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of schelden:",
        "imperative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "schelden",
          "schelden#Dutch"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "audio": "Nl-scheld.ogg",
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      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/Nl-scheld.ogg"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛlt"
    }
  ],
  "word": "scheld"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English nouns",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "enm:Armor",
    "enm:Cuts of meat"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "shield"
          },
          "expansion": "English: shield",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: shield"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "shield",
            "3": "scheld",
            "4": "scheild"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: shield, scheld, scheild",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: shield, scheld, scheild"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "gem-pro",
        "4": "ine-pro",
        "inh": "2"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "dercat"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "sċield",
        "4": "sċield, sċeld, sċild, sċyld"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English sċield, sċeld, sċild, sċyld",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English sċield, sċeld, sċild, sċyld.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "scheldes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seeld",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "seald",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sceld",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scelde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sheld",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shild",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schild",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "shelde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "scheeld",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sheeld",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schelde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schylde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schielde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "schilde",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sseld",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "nouns",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "scheld",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "scheldes",
        "2": "schelden"
      },
      "expansion": "scheld (plural scheldes)",
      "name": "enm-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "scheltroun"
    },
    {
      "word": "schilder"
    },
    {
      "word": "schildyng"
    },
    {
      "word": "shelden"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A shield (a plate of portable armour)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An object that resembles a shield:",
        "A rough region around a boar's neck; the meat from this region."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "An object that resembles a shield:",
        "(rare) A rough region around a boar's neck; the meat from this region."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "An object that resembles a shield:",
        "A escutcheon; a coat-of-arms."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "An object that resembles a shield:",
        "(rare) A escutcheon; a coat-of-arms."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "enm:Religion"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Any form of shielding or armament:",
        "Spiritual guarding or shielding."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "religion",
          "religion"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "Any form of shielding or armament:",
        "(religion) Spiritual guarding or shielding."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "lifestyle",
        "religion"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Any form of shielding or armament:",
        "A refuge, hideout, or safehouse."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "refuge",
          "refuge"
        ],
        [
          "hideout",
          "hideout"
        ],
        [
          "safehouse",
          "safehouse"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Authority, power, influence."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) Authority, power, influence."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Heavy infantry; soldiers armed with shields."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) Heavy infantry; soldiers armed with shields."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈʃeːld/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈʃiːld/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "scheld"
}

Download raw JSONL data for scheld meaning in All languages combined (5.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-20 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.