See refract on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for refract meaning in All languages combined (7.2kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "refracting"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "refracting telescope"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰreg-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "refrāctum"
},
"expansion": "Latin refrāctum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "refrāctus"
},
"expansion": "refrāctus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "refringō"
},
"expansion": "refringō",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "re-",
"t": "again"
},
"expansion": "re- (“again”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "frangō",
"t": "I break"
},
"expansion": "frangō (“I break”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin refrāctum, neuter form of refrāctus, the past participle of refringō, itself from re- (“again”) + frangō (“I break”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "refracts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refracting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "refracted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "refracted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "refract (third-person singular simple present refracts, present participle refracting, simple past and past participle refracted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "refraction"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "refractive"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "refractory"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "refrangible"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "refringent"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "reflect"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To change direction as a result of entering a different medium"
],
"id": "en-refract-en-verb-7sTp2c7g",
"links": [
[
"direction",
"direction"
],
[
"medium",
"medium"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, of light) To change direction as a result of entering a different medium"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of light"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Optics",
"orig": "en:Optics",
"parents": [
"Physics",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 65",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 87",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Light",
"orig": "en:Light",
"parents": [
"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "A prism can refract light.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause (light) to change direction as a result of entering a different medium."
],
"id": "en-refract-en-verb-8sTAL-sn",
"links": [
[
"optics",
"optics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, optics) To cause (light) to change direction as a result of entering a different medium."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"optics",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prečupvam",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "пречупвам"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "breken"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "taittaa"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "réfracter"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "brechen"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "refraktar"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "athraon"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "rifrangersi"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "aascellee"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "whakahakoko"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "refracta"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prelomljátʹ",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "преломля́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prelomítʹ",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "преломи́ть"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "refractar"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "bryta"
},
{
"_dis1": "12 88",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zalomljuvaty",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "заломлювати"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-ækt"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-refract.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/ba/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-refract.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-refract.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/ba/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-refract.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-refract.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prečupvam se",
"sense": "to change direction",
"word": "пречупвам се"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to change direction",
"word": "breken"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to change direction",
"word": "taittua"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to change direction",
"word": "refraktar"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to change direction",
"word": "rifrangere"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "to change direction",
"word": "aascellee"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to change direction",
"word": "hakoko"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to change direction",
"word": "refracta"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prelomljátʹsja",
"sense": "to change direction",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "преломля́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prelomítʹsja",
"sense": "to change direction",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "преломи́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to change direction",
"word": "refractar"
},
{
"_dis1": "55 45",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zalomljuvatysja",
"sense": "to change direction",
"word": "заломлюватися"
}
],
"word": "refract"
}
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰreg-",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of Interlingua translations",
"Requests for review of Irish translations",
"Rhymes:English/ækt",
"Rhymes:English/ækt/2 syllables",
"en:Light"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "refracting"
},
{
"word": "refracting telescope"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰreg-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "refrāctum"
},
"expansion": "Latin refrāctum",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "refrāctus"
},
"expansion": "refrāctus",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "refringō"
},
"expansion": "refringō",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "re-",
"t": "again"
},
"expansion": "re- (“again”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "frangō",
"t": "I break"
},
"expansion": "frangō (“I break”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Latin refrāctum, neuter form of refrāctus, the past participle of refringō, itself from re- (“again”) + frangō (“I break”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "refracts",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "refracting",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "refracted",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "refracted",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "refract (third-person singular simple present refracts, present participle refracting, simple past and past participle refracted)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "refraction"
},
{
"word": "refractive"
},
{
"word": "refractory"
},
{
"word": "refrangible"
},
{
"word": "refringent"
},
{
"word": "reflect"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To change direction as a result of entering a different medium"
],
"links": [
[
"direction",
"direction"
],
[
"medium",
"medium"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive, of light) To change direction as a result of entering a different medium"
],
"raw_tags": [
"of light"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with usage examples",
"English transitive verbs",
"en:Optics"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "A prism can refract light.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To cause (light) to change direction as a result of entering a different medium."
],
"links": [
[
"optics",
"optics"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, optics) To cause (light) to change direction as a result of entering a different medium."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"natural-sciences",
"optics",
"physical-sciences",
"physics"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-ækt"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-refract.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/ba/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-refract.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-refract.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/ba/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-refract.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-refract.wav.ogg",
"tags": [
"Southern-England"
],
"text": "Audio (Southern England)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prečupvam se",
"sense": "to change direction",
"word": "пречупвам се"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to change direction",
"word": "breken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to change direction",
"word": "taittua"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to change direction",
"word": "refraktar"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to change direction",
"word": "rifrangere"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "to change direction",
"word": "aascellee"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to change direction",
"word": "hakoko"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to change direction",
"word": "refracta"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prelomljátʹsja",
"sense": "to change direction",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "преломля́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prelomítʹsja",
"sense": "to change direction",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "преломи́ться"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to change direction",
"word": "refractar"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zalomljuvatysja",
"sense": "to change direction",
"word": "заломлюватися"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "prečupvam",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "пречупвам"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "breken"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "taittaa"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "réfracter"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "brechen"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "refraktar"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "athraon"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "rifrangersi"
},
{
"code": "gv",
"lang": "Manx",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "aascellee"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "whakahakoko"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "refracta"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prelomljátʹ",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "преломля́ть"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prelomítʹ",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "преломи́ть"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "refractar"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "bryta"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zalomljuvaty",
"sense": "to cause to change direction",
"word": "заломлювати"
}
],
"word": "refract"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.