"przetrzeć" meaning in All languages combined

See przetrzeć on Wiktionary

Verb [Old Polish]

IPA: /pr̝ɛtr̝ɛːt͡ɕ/ (note: 10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE), /pr̝ɛtr̝et͡ɕ/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE)
Etymology: From prze- + trzeć. First attested in c. 1500. Compare Old Czech přětřieti. Etymology templates: {{af|zlw-opl|prze-|trzeć}} prze- + trzeć, {{etydate|c|1500}} First attested in c. 1500, {{cog|zlw-ocs|přětřieti}} Old Czech přětřieti Head templates: {{zlw-opl-verb|pf}} przetrzeć pf
  1. (attested in Greater Poland) to cut through Tags: perfective
    Sense id: en-przetrzeć-zlw-opl-verb-p9-ws0Am Categories (other): Greater Poland Old Polish, Old Polish entries with incorrect language header, Old Polish quotations with omitted translation, Old Polish terms prefixed with prze-, Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Pages with 2 entries Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 22 2 10 3 1 9 3 23 7 6 9 3 1

Verb [Polish]

IPA: /ˈpʂɛ.tʂɛt͡ɕ/, /ˈpr̝ɛ.tr̝et͡ɕ/ [Middle, Polish], /ˈpʂɛ.tʂet͡ɕ/ [Middle, Polish]
Rhymes: -ɛtʂɛt͡ɕ Etymology: Inherited from Old Polish przetrzeć. By surface analysis, prze- + trzeć. Compare Czech přetřít, Kashubian przetrzéc, and Russian перетере́ть (pereterétʹ). Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|pl|zlw-opl|przetrzeć|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old Polish przetrzeć, {{inh+|pl|zlw-opl|przetrzeć}} Inherited from Old Polish przetrzeć, {{surf|pl|prze-|trzeć}} By surface analysis, prze- + trzeć, {{cog|cs|přetřít}} Czech přetřít, {{cog|csb|przetrzéc}} Kashubian przetrzéc, {{cog|ru|перетере́ть}} Russian перетере́ть (pereterétʹ) Head templates: {{pl-verb|pf|impf=przecierać}} przetrzeć pf (imperfective przecierać) Inflection templates: {{pl-conj-ap|przetrzeć|przetrę|przetrze|przetrą|przetar|przetar|przetar|przetrzyj|ap=przetarłszy|ip=przetarto|pp=przetart|pp2=przetarci|vn=przetarcie}} Forms: przecierać [imperfective], perfective [table-tags], przetrzeć [infinitive], przetrę [future, singular], przetrzemy [future, plural], przetrzesz [future, singular], przetrzecie [future, plural], przetrze [future, singular, third-person], przetrą [future, plural, third-person], przetrze się [future, impersonal], przetarłem [masculine, past, singular], -(e)m przetarł [masculine, past, singular], przetarłam [feminine, past, singular], -(e)m przetarła [feminine, past, singular], przetarłom [neuter, past, singular], -(e)m przetarło [neuter, past, singular], przetarliśmy [past, plural, virile], -(e)śmy przetarli [past, plural, virile], przetarłyśmy [nonvirile, past, plural], -(e)śmy przetarły [nonvirile, past, plural], przetarłeś [masculine, past, singular], -(e)ś przetarł [masculine, past, singular], przetarłaś [feminine, past, singular], -(e)ś przetarła [feminine, past, singular], przetarłoś [neuter, past, singular], -(e)ś przetarło [neuter, past, singular], przetarliście [past, plural, virile], -(e)ście przetarli [past, plural, virile], przetarłyście [nonvirile, past, plural], -(e)ście przetarły [nonvirile, past, plural], przetarł [masculine, past, singular, third-person], przetarła [feminine, past, singular, third-person], przetarło [neuter, past, singular, third-person], przetarli [past, plural, third-person, virile], przetarły [nonvirile, past, plural, third-person], przetarto [impersonal, past], przetarłbym [conditional, masculine, singular], bym przetarł [conditional, masculine, singular], przetarłabym [conditional, feminine, singular], bym przetarła [conditional, feminine, singular], przetarłobym [conditional, neuter, singular], bym przetarło [conditional, neuter, singular], przetarlibyśmy [conditional, plural, virile], byśmy przetarli [conditional, plural, virile], przetarłybyśmy [conditional, nonvirile, plural], byśmy przetarły [conditional, nonvirile, plural], przetarłbyś [conditional, masculine, singular], byś przetarł [conditional, masculine, singular], przetarłabyś [conditional, feminine, singular], byś przetarła [conditional, feminine, singular], przetarłobyś [conditional, neuter, singular], byś przetarło [conditional, neuter, singular], przetarlibyście [conditional, plural, virile], byście przetarli [conditional, plural, virile], przetarłybyście [conditional, nonvirile, plural], byście przetarły [conditional, nonvirile, plural], przetarłby [conditional, masculine, singular, third-person], by przetarł [conditional, masculine, singular, third-person], przetarłaby [conditional, feminine, singular, third-person], by przetarła [conditional, feminine, singular, third-person], przetarłoby [conditional, neuter, singular, third-person], by przetarło [conditional, neuter, singular, third-person], przetarliby [conditional, plural, third-person, virile], by przetarli [conditional, plural, third-person, virile], przetarłyby [conditional, nonvirile, plural, third-person], by przetarły [conditional, nonvirile, plural, third-person], przetarto by [conditional, impersonal], niech przetrę [imperative, singular], przetrzyjmy [imperative, plural], przetrzyj [imperative, singular], przetrzyjcie [imperative, plural], niech przetrze [imperative, singular, third-person], niech przetrą [imperative, plural, third-person], przetarty [adjectival, masculine, participle, passive, singular], przetarta [adjectival, feminine, participle, passive, singular], przetarte [adjectival, neuter, participle, passive, singular], przetarci [adjectival, participle, passive, plural, virile], przetarte [adjectival, nonvirile, participle, passive, plural], przetarłszy [adverbial, anterior, participle], przetarcie [noun-from-verb]
  1. (transitive) to wipe (to remove dirt or moisture from the surface by gently running something over it) [with instrumental ‘with what’] [with z (+ genitive) ‘from what’] Tags: perfective, transitive Synonyms: obetrzeć, otrzeć, przeczyścić, wytrzeć, zetrzeć
    Sense id: en-przetrzeć-pl-verb-MyC75cvh
  2. (transitive) to fray (to cause deterioration on the surface due to frequent use) Tags: perfective, transitive Synonyms: wytrzeć
    Sense id: en-przetrzeć-pl-verb-EOu1~dK5
  3. (transitive) to purée (to transform into a uniform mass by pressing through the holes of a sieve) [with przez (+ accusative) ‘through what’] Tags: perfective, transitive
    Sense id: en-przetrzeć-pl-verb-Jv5-CQD7
  4. (transitive) to rub (to press against something, i.e. one's eyes) [with instrumental ‘with what’] Tags: perfective, transitive Synonyms: potrzeć
    Sense id: en-przetrzeć-pl-verb-nlIVkA6r
  5. (transitive) to cut through (to overcome the difficulties of the terrain, making it easier for others to navigate it) [with instrumental ‘with what’] Tags: perfective, transitive Synonyms: utorować
    Sense id: en-przetrzeć-pl-verb-GDp72sCd
  6. (transitive) to cut through, to blaze (to make easier for others by doing something furst) [with dative] or [with dla (+ genitive) ‘for what/whom’] Tags: perfective, transitive
    Sense id: en-przetrzeć-pl-verb-nCENQd76
  7. (transitive) to saw through [with na (+ accusative) ‘into what units’] Tags: perfective, transitive
    Sense id: en-przetrzeć-pl-verb-zzqNxAD5 Categories (other): Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Polish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 22 2 10 3 1 9 3 23 7 6 9 3 1 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 17 1 11 4 1 10 2 27 8 6 11 2 1 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 5 11 5 2 11 2 25 14 7 11 6 1
  8. (transitive, obsolete) to enculture (to give refinement or polish) Tags: obsolete, perfective, transitive
    Sense id: en-przetrzeć-pl-verb-i~DiEXb~ Categories (other): Polish terms prefixed with prze- Disambiguation of Polish terms prefixed with prze-: 6 7 4 9 6 7 8 29 10 5 6 4
  9. (Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Tags: Middle, Polish, perfective
    Sense id: en-przetrzeć-pl-verb-xvbE2kAR Categories (other): Middle Polish, Polish quotations with omitted translation, Polish terms with uncertain meaning
  10. (reflexive with się) to fray (to undergo deterioration on the surface due to frequent use) [with dative ‘on whom’] Tags: perfective, reflexive Synonyms: wytrzeć się
    Sense id: en-przetrzeć-pl-verb-uZd0Q5kn
  11. (reflexive with się, of the sky) to clear up (to become transparent) Tags: perfective, reflexive Synonyms: oczyścić się, wyczyścić się
    Sense id: en-przetrzeć-pl-verb-h-UQKFcu
  12. (reflexive with się) to learn from doing (to gain experience in action) [with w (+ locative) ‘in what’] Tags: perfective, reflexive
    Sense id: en-przetrzeć-pl-verb-dBWnocWA
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: przetarcie

Inflected forms

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "przetrzeć"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: przetrzeć",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: przetrzeć"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "szl",
            "2": "przetrzić"
          },
          "expansion": "Silesian: przetrzić",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Silesian: przetrzić"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-opl",
        "2": "prze-",
        "3": "trzeć"
      },
      "expansion": "prze- + trzeć",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "c",
        "2": "1500"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in c. 1500",
      "name": "etydate"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-ocs",
        "2": "přětřieti"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Czech přětřieti",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From prze- + trzeć. First attested in c. 1500. Compare Old Czech přětřieti.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pf"
      },
      "expansion": "przetrzeć pf",
      "name": "zlw-opl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Polish",
  "lang_code": "zlw-opl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Greater Poland Old Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Quotations with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish terms prefixed with prze-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 2 10 3 1 9 3 23 7 6 9 3 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1981-2001 [c. 1500], Elżbieta Belcarzowa, editor, Glosy polskie w łacińskich kazaniach średniowiecznych, volume I, Trzemeszno, page 69:",
          "text": "Cum Manasses rex... dum maczyl Ysayam prophetam, demum fecit eum pylą lignea per medium przetrzecz",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to cut through"
      ],
      "id": "en-przetrzeć-zlw-opl-verb-p9-ws0Am",
      "links": [
        [
          "cut through",
          "cut through"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(attested in Greater Poland) to cut through"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pr̝ɛtr̝ɛːt͡ɕ/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pr̝ɛtr̝et͡ɕ/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
    }
  ],
  "word": "przetrzeć"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "przetarcie"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "przetrzeć",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish przetrzeć",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "przetrzeć"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish przetrzeć",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "prze-",
        "3": "trzeć"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, prze- + trzeć",
      "name": "surf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "přetřít"
      },
      "expansion": "Czech přetřít",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "csb",
        "2": "przetrzéc"
      },
      "expansion": "Kashubian przetrzéc",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "перетере́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian перетере́ть (pereterétʹ)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish przetrzeć. By surface analysis, prze- + trzeć. Compare Czech přetřít, Kashubian przetrzéc, and Russian перетере́ть (pereterétʹ).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "przecierać",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-conj-ap",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetrzeć",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetrę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetrzemy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetrzesz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetrzecie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetrze",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetrą",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetrze się",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m przetarł",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m przetarła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłom",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m przetarło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarliśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy przetarli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy przetarły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłeś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś przetarł",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłaś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś przetarła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłoś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś przetarło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarliście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście przetarli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście przetarły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarł",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłbym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym przetarł",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłabym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym przetarła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłobym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym przetarło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarlibyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy przetarli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłybyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy przetarły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłbyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś przetarł",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłabyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś przetarła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłobyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś przetarło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarlibyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście przetarli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłybyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście przetarły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by przetarł",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłaby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by przetarła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłoby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by przetarło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarliby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by przetarli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłyby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by przetarły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarto by",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech przetrę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetrzyjmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetrzyj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetrzyjcie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech przetrze",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech przetrą",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarty",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarci",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "nonvirile",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłszy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "anterior",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarcie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pf",
        "impf": "przecierać"
      },
      "expansion": "przetrzeć pf (imperfective przecierać)",
      "name": "pl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "prze‧trzeć"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "przetrzeć",
        "2": "przetrę",
        "3": "przetrze",
        "4": "przetrą",
        "5": "przetar",
        "6": "przetar",
        "7": "przetar",
        "8": "przetrzyj",
        "ap": "przetarłszy",
        "ip": "przetarto",
        "pp": "przetart",
        "pp2": "przetarci",
        "vn": "przetarcie"
      },
      "name": "pl-conj-ap"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to wipe (to remove dirt or moisture from the surface by gently running something over it) [with instrumental ‘with what’]"
      ],
      "id": "en-przetrzeć-pl-verb-MyC75cvh",
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "ins<with what>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with instrumental ‘with what’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "instrumental",
              "‘with",
              "what’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": ":z(gen)<from what>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with z (+ genitive) ‘from what’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "z",
              "(+",
              "genitive)",
              "‘from",
              "what’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wipe",
          "wipe"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to wipe (to remove dirt or moisture from the surface by gently running something over it) [with instrumental ‘with what’] [with z (+ genitive) ‘from what’]"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "obetrzeć"
        },
        {
          "word": "otrzeć"
        },
        {
          "word": "przeczyścić"
        },
        {
          "word": "wytrzeć"
        },
        {
          "word": "zetrzeć"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to fray (to cause deterioration on the surface due to frequent use)"
      ],
      "id": "en-przetrzeć-pl-verb-EOu1~dK5",
      "links": [
        [
          "fray",
          "fray"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to fray (to cause deterioration on the surface due to frequent use)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "wytrzeć"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to purée (to transform into a uniform mass by pressing through the holes of a sieve)"
      ],
      "id": "en-przetrzeć-pl-verb-Jv5-CQD7",
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": ":przez(acc)<through what>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with przez (+ accusative) ‘through what’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "przez",
              "(+",
              "accusative)",
              "‘through",
              "what’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "purée",
          "purée"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to purée (to transform into a uniform mass by pressing through the holes of a sieve) [with przez (+ accusative) ‘through what’]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to rub (to press against something, i.e. one's eyes)"
      ],
      "id": "en-przetrzeć-pl-verb-nlIVkA6r",
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "ins<with what>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with instrumental ‘with what’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "instrumental",
              "‘with",
              "what’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rub",
          "rub"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to rub (to press against something, i.e. one's eyes) [with instrumental ‘with what’]"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "potrzeć"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to cut through (to overcome the difficulties of the terrain, making it easier for others to navigate it)"
      ],
      "id": "en-przetrzeć-pl-verb-GDp72sCd",
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "ins<with what>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with instrumental ‘with what’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "instrumental",
              "‘with",
              "what’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cut through",
          "cut through"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to cut through (to overcome the difficulties of the terrain, making it easier for others to navigate it) [with instrumental ‘with what’]"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "utorować"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to cut through, to blaze (to make easier for others by doing something furst) [with dative] or"
      ],
      "id": "en-przetrzeć-pl-verb-nCENQd76",
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "dat"
          },
          "expansion": "[with dative]",
          "extra_data": {
            "tags": [
              "dative"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": ":dla(gen)<for what/whom>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with dla (+ genitive) ‘for what/whom’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "dla",
              "(+",
              "genitive)",
              "‘for",
              "what/whom’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cut through",
          "cut through"
        ],
        [
          "blaze",
          "blaze"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to cut through, to blaze (to make easier for others by doing something furst) [with dative] or [with dla (+ genitive) ‘for what/whom’]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "22 2 10 3 1 9 3 23 7 6 9 3 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 1 11 4 1 10 2 27 8 6 11 2 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 11 5 2 11 2 25 14 7 11 6 1",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to saw through"
      ],
      "id": "en-przetrzeć-pl-verb-zzqNxAD5",
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": ":na(acc)<into what units>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with na (+ accusative) ‘into what units’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "na",
              "(+",
              "accusative)",
              "‘into",
              "what",
              "units’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "saw",
          "saw"
        ],
        [
          "through",
          "through"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to saw through [with na (+ accusative) ‘into what units’]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "6 7 4 9 6 7 8 29 10 5 6 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish terms prefixed with prze-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to enculture (to give refinement or polish)"
      ],
      "id": "en-przetrzeć-pl-verb-i~DiEXb~",
      "links": [
        [
          "enculture",
          "enculture"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, obsolete) to enculture (to give refinement or polish)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete",
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish quotations with omitted translation",
          "parents": [
            "Quotations with omitted translation",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish terms with uncertain meaning",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with uncertain meaning",
            "Terms by usage"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1596, M. Volckmar, Dictionarium trilingue tripartitum, page Ttt3v:",
          "text": "Przećieram/ Perfrico, perfodio, perrumpo. In praet: przetárłem/ Inf: przetrzeć.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The meaning of this term is uncertain."
      ],
      "id": "en-przetrzeć-pl-verb-xvbE2kAR",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish",
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to fray (to undergo deterioration on the surface due to frequent use)"
      ],
      "id": "en-przetrzeć-pl-verb-uZd0Q5kn",
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "dat<on whom>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with dative ‘on whom’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "dative",
              "‘on",
              "whom’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "fray",
          "fray"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się) to fray (to undergo deterioration on the surface due to frequent use) [with dative ‘on whom’]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with się"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "wytrzeć się"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to clear up (to become transparent)"
      ],
      "id": "en-przetrzeć-pl-verb-h-UQKFcu",
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "clear up",
          "clear up"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się, of the sky) to clear up (to become transparent)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of the sky",
        "with się"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "oczyścić się"
        },
        {
          "word": "wyczyścić się"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to learn from doing (to gain experience in action)"
      ],
      "id": "en-przetrzeć-pl-verb-dBWnocWA",
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": ":w(loc)<in what>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with w (+ locative) ‘in what’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "w",
              "(+",
              "locative)",
              "‘in",
              "what’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "learn",
          "learn"
        ],
        [
          "do",
          "do"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się) to learn from doing (to gain experience in action) [with w (+ locative) ‘in what’]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with się"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpʂɛ.tʂɛt͡ɕ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpr̝ɛ.tr̝et͡ɕ/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpʂɛ.tʂet͡ɕ/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛtʂɛt͡ɕ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "przetrzeć"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "przetrzeć"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: przetrzeć",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: przetrzeć"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "szl",
            "2": "przetrzić"
          },
          "expansion": "Silesian: przetrzić",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Silesian: przetrzić"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-opl",
        "2": "prze-",
        "3": "trzeć"
      },
      "expansion": "prze- + trzeć",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "c",
        "2": "1500"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in c. 1500",
      "name": "etydate"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-ocs",
        "2": "přětřieti"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Czech přětřieti",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From prze- + trzeć. First attested in c. 1500. Compare Old Czech přětřieti.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pf"
      },
      "expansion": "przetrzeć pf",
      "name": "zlw-opl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Polish",
  "lang_code": "zlw-opl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Greater Poland Old Polish",
        "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old Polish lemmas",
        "Old Polish perfective verbs",
        "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
        "Old Polish terms prefixed with prze-",
        "Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Old Polish terms with quotations",
        "Old Polish verbs",
        "Pages with 2 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1981-2001 [c. 1500], Elżbieta Belcarzowa, editor, Glosy polskie w łacińskich kazaniach średniowiecznych, volume I, Trzemeszno, page 69:",
          "text": "Cum Manasses rex... dum maczyl Ysayam prophetam, demum fecit eum pylą lignea per medium przetrzecz",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to cut through"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cut through",
          "cut through"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "attested in Greater Poland",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(attested in Greater Poland) to cut through"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pr̝ɛtr̝ɛːt͡ɕ/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pr̝ɛtr̝et͡ɕ/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
    }
  ],
  "word": "przetrzeć"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Polish 2-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish perfective verbs",
    "Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms prefixed with prze-",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
    "Polish verbs",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɛtʂɛt͡ɕ",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɛtʂɛt͡ɕ/2 syllables"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "przetarcie"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "przetrzeć",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish przetrzeć",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "przetrzeć"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish przetrzeć",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "prze-",
        "3": "trzeć"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, prze- + trzeć",
      "name": "surf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cs",
        "2": "přetřít"
      },
      "expansion": "Czech přetřít",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "csb",
        "2": "przetrzéc"
      },
      "expansion": "Kashubian przetrzéc",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ru",
        "2": "перетере́ть"
      },
      "expansion": "Russian перетере́ть (pereterétʹ)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish przetrzeć. By surface analysis, prze- + trzeć. Compare Czech přetřít, Kashubian przetrzéc, and Russian перетере́ть (pereterétʹ).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "przecierać",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-conj-ap",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetrzeć",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetrę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetrzemy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetrzesz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetrzecie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetrze",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetrą",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetrze się",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m przetarł",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m przetarła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłom",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m przetarło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarliśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy przetarli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy przetarły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłeś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś przetarł",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłaś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś przetarła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłoś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś przetarło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarliście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście przetarli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście przetarły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarł",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarto",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłbym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym przetarł",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłabym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym przetarła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłobym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym przetarło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarlibyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy przetarli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłybyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy przetarły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłbyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś przetarł",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłabyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś przetarła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłobyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś przetarło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarlibyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście przetarli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłybyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście przetarły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by przetarł",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłaby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by przetarła",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłoby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by przetarło",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarliby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by przetarli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłyby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by przetarły",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarto by",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech przetrę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetrzyjmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetrzyj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetrzyjcie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech przetrze",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech przetrą",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarty",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarci",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "nonvirile",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarłszy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "anterior",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "przetarcie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pf",
        "impf": "przecierać"
      },
      "expansion": "przetrzeć pf (imperfective przecierać)",
      "name": "pl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "prze‧trzeć"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "przetrzeć",
        "2": "przetrę",
        "3": "przetrze",
        "4": "przetrą",
        "5": "przetar",
        "6": "przetar",
        "7": "przetar",
        "8": "przetrzyj",
        "ap": "przetarłszy",
        "ip": "przetarto",
        "pp": "przetart",
        "pp2": "przetarci",
        "vn": "przetarcie"
      },
      "name": "pl-conj-ap"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to wipe (to remove dirt or moisture from the surface by gently running something over it) [with instrumental ‘with what’]"
      ],
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "ins<with what>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with instrumental ‘with what’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "instrumental",
              "‘with",
              "what’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": ":z(gen)<from what>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with z (+ genitive) ‘from what’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "z",
              "(+",
              "genitive)",
              "‘from",
              "what’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "wipe",
          "wipe"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to wipe (to remove dirt or moisture from the surface by gently running something over it) [with instrumental ‘with what’] [with z (+ genitive) ‘from what’]"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "obetrzeć"
        },
        {
          "word": "otrzeć"
        },
        {
          "word": "przeczyścić"
        },
        {
          "word": "wytrzeć"
        },
        {
          "word": "zetrzeć"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to fray (to cause deterioration on the surface due to frequent use)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fray",
          "fray"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to fray (to cause deterioration on the surface due to frequent use)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "wytrzeć"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to purée (to transform into a uniform mass by pressing through the holes of a sieve)"
      ],
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": ":przez(acc)<through what>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with przez (+ accusative) ‘through what’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "przez",
              "(+",
              "accusative)",
              "‘through",
              "what’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "purée",
          "purée"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to purée (to transform into a uniform mass by pressing through the holes of a sieve) [with przez (+ accusative) ‘through what’]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to rub (to press against something, i.e. one's eyes)"
      ],
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "ins<with what>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with instrumental ‘with what’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "instrumental",
              "‘with",
              "what’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rub",
          "rub"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to rub (to press against something, i.e. one's eyes) [with instrumental ‘with what’]"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "potrzeć"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to cut through (to overcome the difficulties of the terrain, making it easier for others to navigate it)"
      ],
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "ins<with what>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with instrumental ‘with what’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "instrumental",
              "‘with",
              "what’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cut through",
          "cut through"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to cut through (to overcome the difficulties of the terrain, making it easier for others to navigate it) [with instrumental ‘with what’]"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "utorować"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to cut through, to blaze (to make easier for others by doing something furst) [with dative] or"
      ],
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "dat"
          },
          "expansion": "[with dative]",
          "extra_data": {
            "tags": [
              "dative"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": ":dla(gen)<for what/whom>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with dla (+ genitive) ‘for what/whom’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "dla",
              "(+",
              "genitive)",
              "‘for",
              "what/whom’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cut through",
          "cut through"
        ],
        [
          "blaze",
          "blaze"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to cut through, to blaze (to make easier for others by doing something furst) [with dative] or [with dla (+ genitive) ‘for what/whom’]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to saw through"
      ],
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": ":na(acc)<into what units>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with na (+ accusative) ‘into what units’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "na",
              "(+",
              "accusative)",
              "‘into",
              "what",
              "units’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "saw",
          "saw"
        ],
        [
          "through",
          "through"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to saw through [with na (+ accusative) ‘into what units’]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish terms with obsolete senses",
        "Polish transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to enculture (to give refinement or polish)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "enculture",
          "enculture"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, obsolete) to enculture (to give refinement or polish)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete",
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle Polish",
        "Polish quotations with omitted translation",
        "Polish terms with quotations",
        "Polish terms with uncertain meaning"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1596, M. Volckmar, Dictionarium trilingue tripartitum, page Ttt3v:",
          "text": "Przećieram/ Perfrico, perfodio, perrumpo. In praet: przetárłem/ Inf: przetrzeć.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The meaning of this term is uncertain."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish",
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish reflexive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to fray (to undergo deterioration on the surface due to frequent use)"
      ],
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "dat<on whom>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with dative ‘on whom’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "dative",
              "‘on",
              "whom’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "fray",
          "fray"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się) to fray (to undergo deterioration on the surface due to frequent use) [with dative ‘on whom’]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with się"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "wytrzeć się"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish reflexive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to clear up (to become transparent)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "clear up",
          "clear up"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się, of the sky) to clear up (to become transparent)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of the sky",
        "with się"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "oczyścić się"
        },
        {
          "word": "wyczyścić się"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish reflexive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to learn from doing (to gain experience in action)"
      ],
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": ":w(loc)<in what>"
          },
          "expansion": "[with w (+ locative) ‘in what’]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "w",
              "(+",
              "locative)",
              "‘in",
              "what’"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "learn",
          "learn"
        ],
        [
          "do",
          "do"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się) to learn from doing (to gain experience in action) [with w (+ locative) ‘in what’]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with się"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpʂɛ.tʂɛt͡ɕ/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpr̝ɛ.tr̝et͡ɕ/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpʂɛ.tʂet͡ɕ/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛtʂɛt͡ɕ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "przetrzeć"
}

Download raw JSONL data for przetrzeć meaning in All languages combined (18.8kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.