"providence" meaning in All languages combined

See providence on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: /ˈpɹɒvɪdəns/ [UK] Audio: en-us-providence.ogg Forms: providences [plural]
Etymology: From Anglo-Norman providence, Middle French providence, and their source, Latin prōvidentia (“providence, foresight”), from the present participle of prōvidēre (“to provide”). Displaced native Old English foresċēawung. Etymology templates: {{der|en|xno|providence||}} Anglo-Norman providence, {{der|en|frm|providence}} Middle French providence, {{der|en|la|prōvidentia|t=providence, foresight}} Latin prōvidentia (“providence, foresight”), {{ncog|ang|foresċēawung}} Old English foresċēawung Head templates: {{en-noun|~}} providence (countable and uncountable, plural providences)
  1. (now rare) Preparation for the future; good governance; foresight. Tags: archaic, countable, uncountable
    Sense id: en-providence-en-noun-YJ7JtvJ3
  2. The careful governance and guidance of God (or another deity, nature, etc.). Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (careful guardianship exercised by a deity): նախախնամություն (naxaxnamutʻyun) (Armenian), провидение (providenie) (Bulgarian), 天意 (tiānyì) (Chinese Mandarin), 眷顧 (Chinese Mandarin), 眷顾 (juàngù) (Chinese Mandarin), 眷顾 (juàngù) [Christianity] (Chinese Mandarin), prozřetelnost [feminine] (Czech), voorzienigheid [feminine] (Dutch), kaitselmus (Finnish), sallimus (Finnish), johdatus (Finnish), providence [feminine] (French), Vorsehung [feminine] (German), πρόνοια (prónoia) [feminine] (Greek), gondviselés (Hungarian), provvidenza [feminine] (Italian), 摂理 (setsuri) (alt: せつり) (Japanese), 섭리 (seomni) (Korean), провидение (providenie) [neuter] (Macedonian), ard-chiarail [masculine] (Manx), ard-chiarailys [masculine] (Manx), foresċēawung [feminine] (Old English), قضا (kaza) (Ottoman Turkish), opatrzność [feminine] (Polish), providência [feminine] (Portuguese), провиде́ние (providénije) [neuter] (Russian), providencia [feminine] (Spanish), försyn [common-gender] (Swedish), probidensiya (Tagalog), провиді́ння (provydínnja) [neuter] (Ukrainian)
    Sense id: en-providence-en-noun-EkSlu310 Disambiguation of 'careful guardianship exercised by a deity': 2 87 6 5
  3. A manifestation of divine care or direction; an instance of divine intervention. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (manifestation of divine care or direction): նախախնամություն (naxaxnamutʻyun) (Armenian), провидение (providenie) [neuter] (Bulgarian), kaitselmus (english: care) (Finnish), sallimus (english: direction) (Finnish), johdatus (Finnish), Fügung [feminine] (German), gondviselés (Hungarian), provvidenza [feminine] (Italian), провидение (providenie) [neuter] (Macedonian), foresċēawung [feminine] (Old English), قضا (kaza) (Ottoman Turkish), providência [feminine] (Portuguese), провиде́ние (providénije) [neuter] (Russian), providencia [feminine] (Spanish), försyn [common-gender] (Swedish), takdiriilahi (Turkish)
    Sense id: en-providence-en-noun-lH6W5cS2 Disambiguation of 'manifestation of divine care or direction': 2 4 91 2
  4. Specifically, the prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness, frugality. Tags: countable, uncountable Translations (prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness): пестеливост (pestelivost) [feminine] (Bulgarian), obezřetnost [feminine] (Czech), opatrnost [feminine] (Czech), kaukokatseisuus (Finnish), Vorsorge [feminine] (German), Umsicht [feminine] (German), ορθολογικά (orthologiká) [neuter, plural] (Greek), fadcheann [masculine] (Irish), provvidenza [feminine] (Italian), проми́сленост (promíslenost) [feminine] (Macedonian), ard-chiarail [masculine] (Manx), ard-chiarailys [masculine] (Manx), Väarot [masculine] (Plautdietsch), providência [feminine] (Portuguese), предусмотри́тельность (predusmotrítelʹnostʹ) [feminine] (Russian), прови́дно̄ст [Cyrillic, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), provídnōst [Roman, feminine] (Serbo-Croatian), providencia [feminine] (Spanish), försyn [common-gender] (Swedish), передба́чливість (peredbáčlyvistʹ) [feminine] (Ukrainian)
    Sense id: en-providence-en-noun--tLpaK6L Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Entries with translation boxes, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Bulgarian translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Irish translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Manx translations, Terms with Old English translations, Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations, Terms with Persian translations, Terms with Plautdietsch translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Tagalog translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 11 3 19 66 Disambiguation of Entries with translation boxes: 7 4 8 81 Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 8 5 10 77 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 7 4 7 82 Disambiguation of Terms with Armenian translations: 9 9 11 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Bulgarian translations: 9 8 10 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Czech translations: 9 14 13 64 Disambiguation of Terms with Dutch translations: 7 4 8 81 Disambiguation of Terms with Finnish translations: 7 8 9 76 Disambiguation of Terms with French translations: 7 3 7 83 Disambiguation of Terms with German translations: 7 5 7 81 Disambiguation of Terms with Greek translations: 11 3 16 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Hungarian translations: 12 8 18 62 Disambiguation of Terms with Irish translations: 7 7 12 74 Disambiguation of Terms with Italian translations: 5 3 6 86 Disambiguation of Terms with Japanese translations: 6 3 6 85 Disambiguation of Terms with Korean translations: 7 8 10 75 Disambiguation of Terms with Macedonian translations: 8 9 11 72 Disambiguation of Terms with Mandarin translations: 10 12 12 66 Disambiguation of Terms with Manx translations: 7 8 9 76 Disambiguation of Terms with Old English translations: 7 7 22 64 Disambiguation of Terms with Ottoman Turkish translations: 7 27 10 56 Disambiguation of Terms with Persian translations: 9 9 11 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Plautdietsch translations: 2 2 4 92 Disambiguation of Terms with Polish translations: 7 8 12 73 Disambiguation of Terms with Portuguese translations: 9 9 11 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Russian translations: 6 3 6 85 Disambiguation of Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations: 9 9 11 71 Disambiguation of Terms with Spanish translations: 4 2 7 87 Disambiguation of Terms with Swedish translations: 6 7 9 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Tagalog translations: 7 8 10 75 Disambiguation of Terms with Turkish translations: 6 7 9 78 Disambiguation of Terms with Ukrainian translations: 7 8 10 75 Disambiguation of 'prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness': 3 7 4 86
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: Lake Providence, provident, divine

Noun [French]

IPA: /pʁɔ.vi.dɑ̃s/ Audio: Fr-providence.ogg Forms: providences [plural]
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin prōvidentia. Etymology templates: {{lbor|fr|la|prōvidentia}} Learned borrowing from Latin prōvidentia Head templates: {{fr-noun|f}} providence f (plural providences)
  1. providence Tags: feminine Derived forms: providentiel Related terms: pourvoir
    Sense id: en-providence-fr-noun-uuNjL~qL Categories (other): French entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries

Noun [Old French]

Forms: providence oblique singular or [canonical, feminine], providence [nominative, singular]
Head templates: {{fro-noun|f|-}} providence oblique singular, f (nominative singular providence)
  1. providence (manifestation of divine care or direction)
    Sense id: en-providence-fro-noun-zZeaBO8A Categories (other): Old French entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "xno",
        "3": "providence",
        "4": "",
        "5": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Anglo-Norman providence",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "frm",
        "3": "providence"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle French providence",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "prōvidentia",
        "t": "providence, foresight"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin prōvidentia (“providence, foresight”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "foresċēawung"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English foresċēawung",
      "name": "ncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Anglo-Norman providence, Middle French providence, and their source, Latin prōvidentia (“providence, foresight”), from the present participle of prōvidēre (“to provide”). Displaced native Old English foresċēawung.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "providences",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "~"
      },
      "expansion": "providence (countable and uncountable, plural providences)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "Lake Providence"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "provident"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "divine"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "Preparation for the future; good governance; foresight."
      ],
      "id": "en-providence-en-noun-YJ7JtvJ3",
      "links": [
        [
          "Preparation",
          "preparation#English"
        ],
        [
          "future",
          "future"
        ],
        [
          "good",
          "good"
        ],
        [
          "governance",
          "governance"
        ],
        [
          "foresight",
          "foresight"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(now rare) Preparation for the future; good governance; foresight."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2021 February 18, Air Accidents Investigation Branch, “Public Safety”, in AAIB investigation to Alauda Airspeeder Mk II, (UAS, registration n/a) 040719, archived from the original on 2023-09-19:",
          "text": "Constraining the area of a UAS’ operation does not provide protection to the public when there is no guarantee that a UA will remain within these confines. In this case the UA entered controlled airspace used by commercial aircraft and it could have crashed in a nearby densely populated area or at a large public event, both with a high potential for fatalities. As there was no control or influence over where it crashed, it was only down to providence that it crashed in a field 40 m away from occupied houses.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The careful governance and guidance of God (or another deity, nature, etc.)."
      ],
      "id": "en-providence-en-noun-EkSlu310",
      "links": [
        [
          "careful",
          "careful"
        ],
        [
          "governance",
          "governance"
        ],
        [
          "guidance",
          "guidance"
        ],
        [
          "God",
          "God"
        ],
        [
          "deity",
          "deity"
        ],
        [
          "nature",
          "nature"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "naxaxnamutʻyun",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "word": "նախախնամություն"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "providenie",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "word": "провидение"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "tiānyì",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "word": "天意"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "word": "眷顧"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "juàngù",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "word": "眷顾"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "juàngù",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "topics": [
            "Christianity"
          ],
          "word": "眷顾"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "prozřetelnost"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "voorzienigheid"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "word": "kaitselmus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "word": "sallimus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "word": "johdatus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "providence"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Vorsehung"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "prónoia",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "πρόνοια"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "word": "gondviselés"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "provvidenza"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "alt": "せつり",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "setsuri",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "word": "摂理"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "seomni",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "word": "섭리"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "providenie",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "провидение"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "gv",
          "lang": "Manx",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ard-chiarail"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "gv",
          "lang": "Manx",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ard-chiarailys"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "ang",
          "lang": "Old English",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "foresċēawung"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "ota",
          "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
          "roman": "kaza",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "word": "قضا"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "opatrzność"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "providência"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "providénije",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "провиде́ние"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "providencia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "försyn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "word": "probidensiya"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 87 6 5",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "provydínnja",
          "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "провиді́ння"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1971, Keith Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, Folio Society, published 2012, page 91:",
          "text": "The idea was that a complete list of fully documented providences should be compiled as a cooperative venture which would cross denominational barriers.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A manifestation of divine care or direction; an instance of divine intervention."
      ],
      "id": "en-providence-en-noun-lH6W5cS2",
      "links": [
        [
          "manifestation",
          "manifestation"
        ],
        [
          "divine",
          "divine"
        ],
        [
          "care",
          "care"
        ],
        [
          "direction",
          "direction"
        ],
        [
          "intervention",
          "intervention"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 91 2",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "naxaxnamutʻyun",
          "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
          "word": "նախախնամություն"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 91 2",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "providenie",
          "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "провидение"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 91 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "english": "care",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
          "word": "kaitselmus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 91 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "english": "direction",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
          "word": "sallimus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 91 2",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
          "word": "johdatus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 91 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Fügung"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 91 2",
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
          "word": "gondviselés"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 91 2",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "provvidenza"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 91 2",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "providenie",
          "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "провидение"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 91 2",
          "code": "ang",
          "lang": "Old English",
          "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "foresċēawung"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 91 2",
          "code": "ota",
          "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
          "roman": "kaza",
          "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
          "word": "قضا"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 91 2",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "providência"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 91 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "providénije",
          "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "провиде́ние"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 91 2",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "providencia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 91 2",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "försyn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "2 4 91 2",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
          "word": "takdiriilahi"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "11 3 19 66",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
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        {
          "text": "His providence in saving for his old age is exemplary.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Specifically, the prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness, frugality."
      ],
      "id": "en-providence-en-noun--tLpaK6L",
      "links": [
        [
          "prudent",
          "prudent"
        ],
        [
          "care",
          "care"
        ],
        [
          "management",
          "management"
        ],
        [
          "resource",
          "resource"
        ],
        [
          "frugality",
          "frugality"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "3 7 4 86",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "pestelivost",
          "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "пестеливост"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 7 4 86",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "obezřetnost"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 7 4 86",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "opatrnost"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 7 4 86",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
          "word": "kaukokatseisuus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 7 4 86",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Vorsorge"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 7 4 86",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Umsicht"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 7 4 86",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "orthologiká",
          "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
          "tags": [
            "neuter",
            "plural"
          ],
          "word": "ορθολογικά"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 7 4 86",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "fadcheann"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 7 4 86",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "provvidenza"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 7 4 86",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "promíslenost",
          "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "проми́сленост"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 7 4 86",
          "code": "gv",
          "lang": "Manx",
          "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ard-chiarail"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 7 4 86",
          "code": "gv",
          "lang": "Manx",
          "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ard-chiarailys"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 7 4 86",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "note": "[script needed] (ir)",
          "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 7 4 86",
          "code": "pdt",
          "lang": "Plautdietsch",
          "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Väarot"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 7 4 86",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "providência"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 7 4 86",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "predusmotrítelʹnostʹ",
          "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "предусмотри́тельность"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 7 4 86",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "прови́дно̄ст"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 7 4 86",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
          "tags": [
            "Roman",
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "provídnōst"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 7 4 86",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "providencia"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 7 4 86",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "försyn"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 7 4 86",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "peredbáčlyvistʹ",
          "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "передба́чливість"
        }
      ]
    }
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    {
      "ipa": "/ˈpɹɒvɪdəns/",
      "tags": [
        "UK"
      ]
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}

{
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      "expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin prōvidentia",
      "name": "lbor"
    }
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    {
      "form": "providences",
      "tags": [
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  "lang_code": "fr",
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      "id": "en-providence-fr-noun-uuNjL~qL",
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      "related": [
        {
          "word": "pourvoir"
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      "tags": [
        "feminine"
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    {
      "ipa": "/pʁɔ.vi.dɑ̃s/"
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}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "providence oblique singular or",
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        "feminine"
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      "form": "providence",
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      "expansion": "providence oblique singular, f (nominative singular providence)",
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  "lang": "Old French",
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        {
          "kind": "other",
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      "glosses": [
        "providence (manifestation of divine care or direction)"
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      "id": "en-providence-fro-noun-zZeaBO8A",
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  "word": "providence"
}
{
  "categories": [
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    "Terms with French translations",
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    "Terms with Greek translations",
    "Terms with Hungarian translations",
    "Terms with Irish translations",
    "Terms with Italian translations",
    "Terms with Japanese translations",
    "Terms with Korean translations",
    "Terms with Macedonian translations",
    "Terms with Mandarin translations",
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    "Terms with Plautdietsch translations",
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    "Terms with Portuguese translations",
    "Terms with Russian translations",
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        "4": "",
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      "name": "der"
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        "2": "foresċēawung"
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      "expansion": "Old English foresċēawung",
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      "word": "Lake Providence"
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      "word": "provident"
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    {
      "word": "divine"
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      "categories": [
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      "glosses": [
        "Preparation for the future; good governance; foresight."
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      "links": [
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        "(now rare) Preparation for the future; good governance; foresight."
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        "archaic",
        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
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      "categories": [
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          "ref": "2021 February 18, Air Accidents Investigation Branch, “Public Safety”, in AAIB investigation to Alauda Airspeeder Mk II, (UAS, registration n/a) 040719, archived from the original on 2023-09-19:",
          "text": "Constraining the area of a UAS’ operation does not provide protection to the public when there is no guarantee that a UA will remain within these confines. In this case the UA entered controlled airspace used by commercial aircraft and it could have crashed in a nearby densely populated area or at a large public event, both with a high potential for fatalities. As there was no control or influence over where it crashed, it was only down to providence that it crashed in a field 40 m away from occupied houses.",
          "type": "quote"
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      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The careful governance and guidance of God (or another deity, nature, etc.)."
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      "links": [
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      "tags": [
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        "uncountable"
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    {
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        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1971, Keith Thomas, Religion and the Decline of Magic, Folio Society, published 2012, page 91:",
          "text": "The idea was that a complete list of fully documented providences should be compiled as a cooperative venture which would cross denominational barriers.",
          "type": "quote"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A manifestation of divine care or direction; an instance of divine intervention."
      ],
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          "manifestation"
        ],
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          "divine"
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          "care"
        ],
        [
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          "direction"
        ],
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          "intervention"
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        "countable",
        "uncountable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
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      ],
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          "text": "His providence in saving for his old age is exemplary.",
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        "Specifically, the prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness, frugality."
      ],
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      "audio": "en-us-providence.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/4c/En-us-providence.ogg/En-us-providence.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/En-us-providence.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "pestelivost",
      "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "пестеливост"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "obezřetnost"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "opatrnost"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
      "word": "kaukokatseisuus"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Vorsorge"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Umsicht"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "orthologiká",
      "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ],
      "word": "ορθολογικά"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "fadcheann"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "provvidenza"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "promíslenost",
      "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "проми́сленост"
    },
    {
      "code": "gv",
      "lang": "Manx",
      "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ard-chiarail"
    },
    {
      "code": "gv",
      "lang": "Manx",
      "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ard-chiarailys"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "note": "[script needed] (ir)",
      "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness"
    },
    {
      "code": "pdt",
      "lang": "Plautdietsch",
      "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Väarot"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "providência"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "predusmotrítelʹnostʹ",
      "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "предусмотри́тельность"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "прови́дно̄ст"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
      "tags": [
        "Roman",
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "provídnōst"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "providencia"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "försyn"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "peredbáčlyvistʹ",
      "sense": "prudent care and management of resources; thriftiness",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "передба́чливість"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "naxaxnamutʻyun",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "word": "նախախնամություն"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "providenie",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "word": "провидение"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "tiānyì",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "word": "天意"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "word": "眷顧"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "juàngù",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "word": "眷顾"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "juàngù",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "topics": [
        "Christianity"
      ],
      "word": "眷顾"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "prozřetelnost"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "voorzienigheid"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "word": "kaitselmus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "word": "sallimus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "word": "johdatus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "providence"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Vorsehung"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "prónoia",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "πρόνοια"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "word": "gondviselés"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "provvidenza"
    },
    {
      "alt": "せつり",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "setsuri",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "word": "摂理"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "seomni",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "word": "섭리"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "providenie",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "провидение"
    },
    {
      "code": "gv",
      "lang": "Manx",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ard-chiarail"
    },
    {
      "code": "gv",
      "lang": "Manx",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ard-chiarailys"
    },
    {
      "code": "ang",
      "lang": "Old English",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "foresċēawung"
    },
    {
      "code": "ota",
      "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
      "roman": "kaza",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "word": "قضا"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "opatrzność"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "providência"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "providénije",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "провиде́ние"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "providencia"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "försyn"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "word": "probidensiya"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "provydínnja",
      "sense": "careful guardianship exercised by a deity",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "провиді́ння"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "naxaxnamutʻyun",
      "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
      "word": "նախախնամություն"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "providenie",
      "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "провидение"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "english": "care",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
      "word": "kaitselmus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "english": "direction",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
      "word": "sallimus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
      "word": "johdatus"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Fügung"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
      "word": "gondviselés"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "provvidenza"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "providenie",
      "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "провидение"
    },
    {
      "code": "ang",
      "lang": "Old English",
      "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "foresċēawung"
    },
    {
      "code": "ota",
      "lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
      "roman": "kaza",
      "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
      "word": "قضا"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "providência"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "providénije",
      "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "провиде́ние"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "providencia"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "försyn"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "manifestation of divine care or direction",
      "word": "takdiriilahi"
    }
  ],
  "word": "providence"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "providentiel"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fr",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "prōvidentia"
      },
      "expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin prōvidentia",
      "name": "lbor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin prōvidentia.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "providences",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "providence f (plural providences)",
      "name": "fr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "French",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "pourvoir"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "French 3-syllable words",
        "French countable nouns",
        "French entries with incorrect language header",
        "French feminine nouns",
        "French learned borrowings from Latin",
        "French lemmas",
        "French nouns",
        "French terms borrowed from Latin",
        "French terms derived from Latin",
        "French terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Pages with 3 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "providence"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "providence",
          "#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pʁɔ.vi.dɑ̃s/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Fr-providence.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9a/Fr-providence.ogg/Fr-providence.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9a/Fr-providence.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "providence"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "providence oblique singular or",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "providence",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "providence oblique singular, f (nominative singular providence)",
      "name": "fro-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old French",
  "lang_code": "fro",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old French feminine nouns",
        "Old French lemmas",
        "Old French nouns",
        "Old French uncountable nouns",
        "Pages with 3 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "providence (manifestation of divine care or direction)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "providence",
          "providence#English"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "providence"
}

Download raw JSONL data for providence meaning in All languages combined (16.8kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
  "msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'providence oblique singular or', originally 'providence oblique singular or f'",
  "path": [
    "providence"
  ],
  "section": "Old French",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "providence",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
  "msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in Old French: 'providence oblique singular or', originally 'providence oblique singular or f'",
  "path": [
    "providence"
  ],
  "section": "Old French",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "providence",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
  "msg": "suspicious related form tags ['feminine', 'canonical']: 'providence oblique singular or' in 'providence oblique singular, f (nominative singular providence)'",
  "path": [
    "providence"
  ],
  "section": "Old French",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "providence",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.