See pejorative on Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "ameliorative"
},
{
"word": "approbative"
},
{
"word": "eulogistic"
},
{
"word": "meliorative"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "French",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "pēiōrātus"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin pēiōrātus",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pēior",
"4": "",
"5": "worse"
},
"expansion": "Latin pēior (“worse”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ped-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "French 1882 péjoratif (“depreciative, disparaging”), from Late Latin pēiōrātus, past participle of pēiōrāre (“make worse”), from Latin pēior (“worse”). Compare English 1644 pejorate (“to worsen”), from the same etymology.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more pejorative",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most pejorative",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pejorative (comparative more pejorative, superlative most pejorative)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "84 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English undefined derivations",
"parents": [
"Undefined derivations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "92 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "94 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "77 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "86 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "86 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "86 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "77 23",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "73 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Malayalam translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "79 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "94 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "91 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "pejoratively"
},
{
"word": "pejorativeness"
},
{
"word": "pejorativization"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Disparaging, belittling or derogatory."
],
"id": "en-pejorative-en-adj-HACI4P2A",
"links": [
[
"Disparaging",
"disparaging"
],
[
"belittling",
"belittling"
],
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "derogatory"
},
{
"word": "dyslogistic"
},
{
"word": "disrespectful"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "neodobritelen",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "неодобрителен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "omalovažavašt",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "омаловажаващ"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "pejoratiu"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "貶義的"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "biǎnyì de",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "贬义的"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "輕蔑的"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qīngmiè de",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "轻蔑的"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "pejorativní"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "nedsættende"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "kleinerend denigrerend"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "halventava"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "väheksyvä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "alentava"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "pejoratiivinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "péjoratif"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pexorativo"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "abschätzig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "abwertend"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "herabsetzend"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "verschlechternd"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "verschlimmernd"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "pejorativ"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ypotimitikós",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "υποτιμητικός"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "exeftelistikós",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "εξευτελιστικός"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "meiotikós",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "μειωτικός"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "pejoratív"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "peggiorativo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "riduttivo"
},
{
"alt": "けいべつてきな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "keibetsuteki na",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "軽蔑的な"
},
{
"alt": "ぶべつてきな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bubetsuteki na",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "侮蔑的な"
},
{
"alt": "ぶじょくてきな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bujokuteki na",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "侮辱的な"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gyeongmyeoreo",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "경멸어"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gyeongmyeoljeogin",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "경멸적인"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "pogrden",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "погрден"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "pejoratíven",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пејорати́вен"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "apakīṟttikaramāya",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "അപകീർത്തികരമായ"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "nedsettende"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "nedsetjande"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pejoratywny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "pejorativo"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "peiorativ"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "neodobrítelʹnyj",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "неодобри́тельный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uničižítelʹnyj",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "уничижи́тельный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prezrítelʹnyj",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "презри́тельный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "despectivo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "peyorativo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "nedsättande"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "pejorativ"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "ablak"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "alçaltıcı"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "aşağılayıcı"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "küçültücü"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "yermeli"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"topics": [
"sociology",
"social-science",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"word": "pejoratif"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɪˈd͡ʒɒɹətɪv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɪˈd͡ʒoɹətɪv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɪˈd͡ʒɑɹ.ə.tɪv/",
"tags": [
"uncommon"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pəˈd͡ʒoɹətəv/",
"note": "weak vowel merger"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-pejorative.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-pejorative.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-pejorative.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pejorative"
],
"word": "pejorative"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "approvative"
},
{
"word": "euphemism"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "French",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "pēiōrātus"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin pēiōrātus",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pēior",
"4": "",
"5": "worse"
},
"expansion": "Latin pēior (“worse”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ped-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "French 1882 péjoratif (“depreciative, disparaging”), from Late Latin pēiōrātus, past participle of pēiōrāre (“make worse”), from Latin pēior (“worse”). Compare English 1644 pejorate (“to worsen”), from the same etymology.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pejoratives",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pejorative (plural pejoratives)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A disparaging, belittling, or derogatory word or expression."
],
"id": "en-pejorative-en-noun-ELmNRzE9",
"links": [
[
"disparaging",
"disparaging"
],
[
"belittling",
"belittle"
],
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dyslogism"
},
{
"word": "dysphemism"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "pejoratief"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "word",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "貶義詞"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "biǎnyìcí",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "贬义词"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "輕蔑詞"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qīngmiècí",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "轻蔑词"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "expression",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "貶義語"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "biǎnyìyǔ",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "贬义语"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "輕蔑語"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qīngmièyǔ",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "轻蔑语"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pejorativum"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "pejorativ"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "nedsættende udsagn"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "pejoratief"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "pejoratiivi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "haukkumasana"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Pejorativum"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "peggiorativo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spregiativo"
},
{
"alt": "けいべつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "keibetsu",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "軽蔑"
},
{
"alt": "ぶべつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bubetsu",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "侮蔑"
},
{
"alt": "ぶじょく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bujoku",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "侮辱"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "pejoratív",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пејорати́в"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pejorativ"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pejorativo"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "peiorativ"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "пежоратив"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "пејоратив"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pežorativ"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pejorativ"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "peyorativo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pejorativ"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "aşağılama"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "hakaret"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɪˈd͡ʒɒɹətɪv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɪˈd͡ʒoɹətɪv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɪˈd͡ʒɑɹ.ə.tɪv/",
"tags": [
"uncommon"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pəˈd͡ʒoɹətəv/",
"note": "weak vowel merger"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-pejorative.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-pejorative.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-pejorative.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pejorative"
],
"word": "pejorative"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "ameliorative"
},
{
"word": "approbative"
},
{
"word": "eulogistic"
},
{
"word": "meliorative"
}
],
"categories": [
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"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ped-",
"English undefined derivations",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Latin translations",
"Requests for review of Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malayalam translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "pejoratively"
},
{
"word": "pejorativeness"
},
{
"word": "pejorativization"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "French",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "pēiōrātus"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin pēiōrātus",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "pēior",
"4": "",
"5": "worse"
},
"expansion": "Latin pēior (“worse”)",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ped-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
}
],
"etymology_text": "French 1882 péjoratif (“depreciative, disparaging”), from Late Latin pēiōrātus, past participle of pēiōrāre (“make worse”), from Latin pēior (“worse”). Compare English 1644 pejorate (“to worsen”), from the same etymology.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "more pejorative",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "most pejorative",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "pejorative (comparative more pejorative, superlative most pejorative)",
"name": "en-adj"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Disparaging, belittling or derogatory."
],
"links": [
[
"Disparaging",
"disparaging"
],
[
"belittling",
"belittling"
],
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/pɪˈd͡ʒɒɹətɪv/",
"tags": [
"Received-Pronunciation"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɪˈd͡ʒoɹətɪv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɪˈd͡ʒɑɹ.ə.tɪv/",
"tags": [
"uncommon"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pəˈd͡ʒoɹətəv/",
"note": "weak vowel merger"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-pejorative.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-pejorative.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-pejorative.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "derogatory"
},
{
"word": "dyslogistic"
},
{
"word": "disrespectful"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "neodobritelen",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "неодобрителен"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "omalovažavašt",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "омаловажаващ"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "pejoratiu"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "貶義的"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "biǎnyì de",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "贬义的"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "輕蔑的"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qīngmiè de",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "轻蔑的"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "pejorativní"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "nedsættende"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "kleinerend denigrerend"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "halventava"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "väheksyvä"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "alentava"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "pejoratiivinen"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "péjoratif"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pexorativo"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "abschätzig"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "abwertend"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "herabsetzend"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "verschlechternd"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "verschlimmernd"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "pejorativ"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "ypotimitikós",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "υποτιμητικός"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "exeftelistikós",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "εξευτελιστικός"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "meiotikós",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "μειωτικός"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "pejoratív"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "peggiorativo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "riduttivo"
},
{
"alt": "けいべつてきな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "keibetsuteki na",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "軽蔑的な"
},
{
"alt": "ぶべつてきな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bubetsuteki na",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "侮蔑的な"
},
{
"alt": "ぶじょくてきな",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bujokuteki na",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "侮辱的な"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gyeongmyeoreo",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "경멸어"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "gyeongmyeoljeogin",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "경멸적인"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "pogrden",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "погрден"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "pejoratíven",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пејорати́вен"
},
{
"code": "ml",
"lang": "Malayalam",
"roman": "apakīṟttikaramāya",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "അപകീർത്തികരമായ"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "nedsettende"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "nedsetjande"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pejoratywny"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "pejorativo"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "peiorativ"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "neodobrítelʹnyj",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "неодобри́тельный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "uničižítelʹnyj",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "уничижи́тельный"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "prezrítelʹnyj",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "презри́тельный"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "despectivo"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "peyorativo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "nedsättande"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "pejorativ"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "ablak"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "alçaltıcı"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "aşağılayıcı"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "küçültücü"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"word": "yermeli"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory",
"topics": [
"sociology",
"social-science",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
],
"word": "pejoratif"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pejorative"
],
"word": "pejorative"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "approvative"
},
{
"word": "euphemism"
}
],
"categories": [
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"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms derived from Late Latin",
"English terms derived from Latin",
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"English undefined derivations",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Latin translations",
"Requests for review of Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Afrikaans translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latin translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Malayalam translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "fr",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "French",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
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"expansion": "Late Latin pēiōrātus",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
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"4": "",
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{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ped-"
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"expansion": "",
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],
"etymology_text": "French 1882 péjoratif (“depreciative, disparaging”), from Late Latin pēiōrātus, past participle of pēiōrāre (“make worse”), from Latin pēior (“worse”). Compare English 1644 pejorate (“to worsen”), from the same etymology.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "pejoratives",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
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"args": {},
"expansion": "pejorative (plural pejoratives)",
"name": "en-noun"
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],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A disparaging, belittling, or derogatory word or expression."
],
"links": [
[
"disparaging",
"disparaging"
],
[
"belittling",
"belittle"
],
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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"tags": [
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]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɪˈd͡ʒoɹətɪv/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pɪˈd͡ʒɑɹ.ə.tɪv/",
"tags": [
"uncommon"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/pəˈd͡ʒoɹətəv/",
"note": "weak vowel merger"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-pejorative.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-pejorative.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-pejorative.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/6f/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-pejorative.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-I_learned_some_phrases-pejorative.wav.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dyslogism"
},
{
"word": "dysphemism"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "af",
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "pejoratief"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "word",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "貶義詞"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "biǎnyìcí",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "贬义词"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "輕蔑詞"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qīngmiècí",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "轻蔑词"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "expression",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "貶義語"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "biǎnyìyǔ",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "贬义语"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "輕蔑語"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "qīngmièyǔ",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "轻蔑语"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pejorativum"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "pejorativ"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "nedsættende udsagn"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "pejoratief"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "pejoratiivi"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "haukkumasana"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Pejorativum"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "peggiorativo"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "spregiativo"
},
{
"alt": "けいべつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "keibetsu",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "軽蔑"
},
{
"alt": "ぶべつ",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bubetsu",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "侮蔑"
},
{
"alt": "ぶじょく",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "bujoku",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "侮辱"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "pejoratív",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "пејорати́в"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pejorativ"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "pejorativo"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "peiorativ"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "пежоратив"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "пејоратив"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pežorativ"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"Latin",
"masculine"
],
"word": "pejorativ"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "peyorativo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "pejorativ"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "aşağılama"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "disparaging, belittling or derogatory word or expression",
"word": "hakaret"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pejorative"
],
"word": "pejorative"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pejorative meaning in All languages combined (19.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.