See obrat on Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "obrada",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "obrats",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obrades",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "obrat (feminine obrada, masculine plural obrats, feminine plural obrades)",
"name": "ca-pp"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "obrar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past participle of obrar"
],
"id": "en-obrat-ca-verb-bFjuf2PF",
"links": [
[
"obrar",
"obrar#Catalan"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[uˈβɾat]",
"tags": [
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[oˈbɾat]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Valencia"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-at"
}
],
"word": "obrat"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "obrat",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Czech obrat",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "obrat"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Czech obrat",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*obortъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *obortъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*vortiti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *vortiti",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "vrtět"
},
"expansion": "Czech vrtět",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wert-",
"4": "",
"5": "turn, rotate"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“turn, rotate”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Czech obrat, from Proto-Slavic *obortъ. The stem of the expression comes from Proto-Slavic *vortiti, which is a causative to *vъrtěti (see Czech vrtět), which referred to something turning. This comes from Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“turn, rotate”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "inanimate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "obrat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obraty",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obratu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obratů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obratu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obratům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obrat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obraty",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obrate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "obraty",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "obratu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obratech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obratem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obraty",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "obrat m inan",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "navrátit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "návrat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "obracet"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "obratel"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "obratník"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "obratný"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "obrátit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "obrátka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "odvrátit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "podvrátit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "převrat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "převrátit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rozvrat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "rozvrátit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "vratký"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "vratný"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "vyvrátit"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "závrať"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "zvrat"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "zvratky"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "zvrátit"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Approximately at 10.30 the whole order made a quick and precise turn to the right in front of the enemy's right wing and aimed to the south.",
"ref": "2012, Vladimír Pilát (tr.), Šokující vítězství, Praha: Fortuna, translation of Verblüffende Siege by Hans-Dieter Otto, →ISBN, page 93:",
"text": "Přibližně v 10.30 hodin udělala celá sestava před nepřátelským pravým křídlem rychlý a přesný obrat vpravo a zamířila k jihu.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"turn (change of direction or orientation)"
],
"id": "en-obrat-cs-noun-iVDlwp~N",
"links": [
[
"turn",
"turn"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 40 18 18 22 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 18 26 30 19 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech terms prefixed with ob-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 56 17 11 14 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 68 12 8 10 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"backflip, U-turn (change in policy or opinion)"
],
"id": "en-obrat-cs-noun-nnR4fyz0",
"links": [
[
"backflip",
"backflip"
],
[
"U-turn",
"U-turn"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 18 26 30 19 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech terms prefixed with ob-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The year 1943 was a turning point in the war.",
"ref": "1995, Josef Harna, Dějiny českých zemí, volume 2, Praha: Fortuna, page 194:",
"text": "Rok 1943 znamenal obrat ve válce.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"turning point"
],
"id": "en-obrat-cs-noun-m31b-ZM5",
"links": [
[
"turning point",
"turning point"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 18 26 30 19 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech terms prefixed with ob-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"phrase (short written or spoken expression)"
],
"id": "en-obrat-cs-noun-rLxgZvp9",
"links": [
[
"phrase",
"phrase"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cs",
"name": "Finance",
"orig": "cs:Finance",
"parents": [
"Business",
"Economics",
"Society",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 18 26 30 19 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech terms prefixed with ob-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Czechoslovakia reached the highest turnover in the trade with European Economic Community in 1970–1990.",
"ref": "2009, Lenka Fojtíková, Zahraničně obchodní politika ČR: historie a současnost (1945–2008), Praha: C. H. Beck, →ISBN, page 88:",
"text": "Největší obrat dosahovalo Československo v letech 1970–1990 v obchodě s Evropských hospodářským společenstvím.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"turnover"
],
"id": "en-obrat-cs-noun-EN5BRtgs",
"links": [
[
"finance",
"finance#Noun"
],
[
"turnover",
"turnover"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(finance) turnover"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"finance"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈobrat]"
}
],
"word": "obrat"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ob-",
"3": "brát"
},
"expansion": "ob- + brát",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bьrati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bьrati",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰer-",
"4": "",
"5": "carry"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“carry”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From ob- + brát, from Proto-Slavic *bьrati, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“carry”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "obírat",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-conj-forms\n",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "obrat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "obrati",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "obravší",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-conj-forms\n",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "oberu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obereme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "oberme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "obereš",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "oberete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ober",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "oberte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "obere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oberou",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-conj-forms\n",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "obral",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obrali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obrán",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obráni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obral",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obraly",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obrán",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obrány",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obrala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obraly",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obrána",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obrány",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obralo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obrala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obráno",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obrána",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-conj-forms\n",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"present",
"singular",
"transgressive"
]
},
{
"form": "obrav",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"transgressive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"present",
"singular",
"transgressive"
]
},
{
"form": "obravši",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"transgressive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"transgressive"
]
},
{
"form": "obravše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"transgressive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"a": "pf",
"impf": "obírat"
},
"expansion": "obrat pf (imperfective obírat)",
"name": "cs-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"aspect": "p",
"im 2s": "ober",
"pass ms": "obrán",
"past ms": "obral",
"pf 1s": "oberu",
"pf 3p": "oberou",
"pf 3s": "obere",
"tr1 past": "obrav"
},
"name": "cs-conj-forms"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"id": "en-obrat-cs-verb-47DEQpj8",
"tags": [
"no-gloss",
"perfective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈobrat]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cs:Český etymologický slovník"
],
"word": "obrat"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*obortъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *obortъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*obortъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *obortъ",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *obortъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ȍbrāt",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "о̏бра̄т",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sh-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "obrat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obrati",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obrata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obrata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obratu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obratima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obrat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obrate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obrate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "obrati",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "obratu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obratima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obratom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obratima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "ȍbrāt"
},
"expansion": "ȍbrāt m (Cyrillic spelling о̏бра̄т)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"o‧brat"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "obrat",
"10": "obrati",
"11": "obratu",
"12": "obratima",
"13": "obratom",
"14": "obratima",
"2": "obrati",
"3": "obrata",
"4": "obrata",
"5": "obratu",
"6": "obratima",
"7": "obrat",
"8": "obrate",
"9": "obrate"
},
"name": "sh-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"reversal, turning point"
],
"id": "en-obrat-sh-noun-2NG~Zvu~",
"links": [
[
"reversal",
"reversal"
],
[
"turning point",
"turning point"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "prȅvrāt"
},
{
"word": "prȅokrēt"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ôbraːt/"
}
],
"word": "obrat"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "obrada",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "obrats",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obrades",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "obrat (feminine obrada, masculine plural obrats, feminine plural obrades)",
"name": "ca-pp"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan non-lemma forms",
"Catalan past participles",
"Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Catalan/at",
"Rhymes:Catalan/at/2 syllables"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "obrar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"past participle of obrar"
],
"links": [
[
"obrar",
"obrar#Catalan"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[uˈβɾat]",
"tags": [
"Central"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[oˈbɾat]",
"tags": [
"Balearic",
"Valencia"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-at"
}
],
"word": "obrat"
}
{
"categories": [
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech hard masculine inanimate nouns",
"Czech inanimate nouns",
"Czech lemmas",
"Czech masculine inanimate nouns",
"Czech masculine nouns",
"Czech nouns",
"Czech perfective verbs",
"Czech terms derived from Old Czech",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms inherited from Old Czech",
"Czech terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms prefixed with ob-",
"Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Czech verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "obrat",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Czech obrat",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "obrat"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Czech obrat",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*obortъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *obortъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*vortiti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *vortiti",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "vrtět"
},
"expansion": "Czech vrtět",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wert-",
"4": "",
"5": "turn, rotate"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“turn, rotate”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Czech obrat, from Proto-Slavic *obortъ. The stem of the expression comes from Proto-Slavic *vortiti, which is a causative to *vъrtěti (see Czech vrtět), which referred to something turning. This comes from Proto-Indo-European *wert- (“turn, rotate”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "inanimate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "obrat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obraty",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obratu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obratů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obratu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obratům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obrat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obraty",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obrate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "obraty",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "obratu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obratech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obratem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obraty",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "obrat m inan",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "navrátit"
},
{
"word": "návrat"
},
{
"word": "obracet"
},
{
"word": "obratel"
},
{
"word": "obratník"
},
{
"word": "obratný"
},
{
"word": "obrátit"
},
{
"word": "obrátka"
},
{
"word": "odvrátit"
},
{
"word": "podvrátit"
},
{
"word": "převrat"
},
{
"word": "převrátit"
},
{
"word": "rozvrat"
},
{
"word": "rozvrátit"
},
{
"word": "vratký"
},
{
"word": "vratný"
},
{
"word": "vyvrátit"
},
{
"word": "závrať"
},
{
"word": "zvrat"
},
{
"word": "zvratky"
},
{
"word": "zvrátit"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Czech terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Approximately at 10.30 the whole order made a quick and precise turn to the right in front of the enemy's right wing and aimed to the south.",
"ref": "2012, Vladimír Pilát (tr.), Šokující vítězství, Praha: Fortuna, translation of Verblüffende Siege by Hans-Dieter Otto, →ISBN, page 93:",
"text": "Přibližně v 10.30 hodin udělala celá sestava před nepřátelským pravým křídlem rychlý a přesný obrat vpravo a zamířila k jihu.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"turn (change of direction or orientation)"
],
"links": [
[
"turn",
"turn"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"backflip, U-turn (change in policy or opinion)"
],
"links": [
[
"backflip",
"backflip"
],
[
"U-turn",
"U-turn"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Czech terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "The year 1943 was a turning point in the war.",
"ref": "1995, Josef Harna, Dějiny českých zemí, volume 2, Praha: Fortuna, page 194:",
"text": "Rok 1943 znamenal obrat ve válce.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"turning point"
],
"links": [
[
"turning point",
"turning point"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"phrase (short written or spoken expression)"
],
"links": [
[
"phrase",
"phrase"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Czech terms with quotations",
"cs:Finance"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Czechoslovakia reached the highest turnover in the trade with European Economic Community in 1970–1990.",
"ref": "2009, Lenka Fojtíková, Zahraničně obchodní politika ČR: historie a současnost (1945–2008), Praha: C. H. Beck, →ISBN, page 88:",
"text": "Největší obrat dosahovalo Československo v letech 1970–1990 v obchodě s Evropských hospodářským společenstvím.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"turnover"
],
"links": [
[
"finance",
"finance#Noun"
],
[
"turnover",
"turnover"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(finance) turnover"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"business",
"finance"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈobrat]"
}
],
"word": "obrat"
}
{
"categories": [
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech lemmas",
"Czech perfective verbs",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms prefixed with ob-",
"Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Czech verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ob-",
"3": "brát"
},
"expansion": "ob- + brát",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*bьrati"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bьrati",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰer-",
"4": "",
"5": "carry"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“carry”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From ob- + brát, from Proto-Slavic *bьrati, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰer- (“carry”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "obírat",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-conj-forms\n",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "obrat",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "obrati",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "obravší",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-conj-forms\n",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "oberu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obereme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "oberme",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "obereš",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "oberete",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ober",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "oberte",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "obere",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "oberou",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-conj-forms\n",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "obral",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obrali",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obrán",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obráni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obral",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obraly",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obrán",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obrány",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obrala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obraly",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obrána",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obrány",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obralo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"participle",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obrala",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"participle",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obráno",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obrána",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-conj-forms\n",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"present",
"singular",
"transgressive"
]
},
{
"form": "obrav",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"transgressive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"present",
"singular",
"transgressive"
]
},
{
"form": "obravši",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"transgressive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"transgressive"
]
},
{
"form": "obravše",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"transgressive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"a": "pf",
"impf": "obírat"
},
"expansion": "obrat pf (imperfective obírat)",
"name": "cs-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"aspect": "p",
"im 2s": "ober",
"pass ms": "obrán",
"past ms": "obral",
"pf 1s": "oberu",
"pf 3p": "oberou",
"pf 3s": "obere",
"tr1 past": "obrav"
},
"name": "cs-conj-forms"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"tags": [
"no-gloss",
"perfective"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈobrat]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"cs:Český etymologický slovník"
],
"word": "obrat"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*obortъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *obortъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*obortъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *obortъ",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *obortъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ȍbrāt",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "о̏бра̄т",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sh-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "obrat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obrati",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obrata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obrata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obratu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obratima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obrat",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obrate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obrate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "obrati",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "obratu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obratima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "obratom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "obratima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "ȍbrāt"
},
"expansion": "ȍbrāt m (Cyrillic spelling о̏бра̄т)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"o‧brat"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "obrat",
"10": "obrati",
"11": "obratu",
"12": "obratima",
"13": "obratom",
"14": "obratima",
"2": "obrati",
"3": "obrata",
"4": "obrata",
"5": "obratu",
"6": "obratima",
"7": "obrat",
"8": "obrate",
"9": "obrate"
},
"name": "sh-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "prȅvrāt"
},
{
"word": "prȅokrēt"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic"
],
"glosses": [
"reversal, turning point"
],
"links": [
[
"reversal",
"reversal"
],
[
"turning point",
"turning point"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ôbraːt/"
}
],
"word": "obrat"
}
Download raw JSONL data for obrat meaning in All languages combined (15.5kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Active adjective'",
"path": [
"obrat"
],
"section": "Czech",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "obrat",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Passive adjective'",
"path": [
"obrat"
],
"section": "Czech",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "obrat",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.