"obmowa" meaning in All languages combined

See obmowa on Wiktionary

Noun [Old Polish]

IPA: /ɔbmɔva/ (note: 10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE), /ɔbmɔva/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE)
Etymology: Deverbal from obmówić. First attested in the fifteenth century. Etymology templates: {{deverbal|zlw-opl|obmówić}} Deverbal from obmówić, {{etydate/the|fifteenth century}} the fifteenth century, {{etydate|fifteenth century}} First attested in the fifteenth century. Head templates: {{zlw-opl-noun|f}} obmowa f
  1. badmouthing; defamation, slander Tags: feminine Related terms: obmawiacz, obmawianie, obmówca, obmówienie, mówić [imperfective], obmówić [perfective], obmawiać [imperfective]
    Sense id: en-obmowa-zlw-opl-noun-CYlawwe5 Categories (other): Old Polish deverbals, Old Polish entries with incorrect language header

Noun [Polish]

IPA: /ɔbˈmɔ.va/, /ɔbˈmɔ.va/ [Middle, Polish]
Rhymes: -ɔva Etymology: Inherited from Old Polish obmowa. By surface analysis, deverbal from obmówić. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|pl|zlw-opl|obmowa|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old Polish obmowa, {{inh+|pl|zlw-opl|obmowa}} Inherited from Old Polish obmowa, {{surf|+deverbal|pl|obmówić}} By surface analysis, deverbal from obmówić Head templates: {{pl-noun|f|aug=obmowisko|dim=obmówka}} obmowa f (diminutive obmówka, augmentative obmowisko) Inflection templates: {{pl-decl-noun-f|genp=obmów}} Forms: obmówka [diminutive], obmowisko [augmentative], no-table-tags [table-tags], obmowa [nominative, singular], obmowy [nominative, plural], obmowy [genitive, singular], obmów [genitive, plural], obmowie [dative, singular], obmowom [dative, plural], obmowę [accusative, singular], obmowy [accusative, plural], obmową [instrumental, singular], obmowami [instrumental, plural], obmowie [locative, singular], obmowach [locative, plural], obmowo [singular, vocative], obmowy [plural, vocative]
  1. (literary) defamation, slander Tags: feminine, literary Synonyms: oszczerstwo, zniesławienie, potwarz
    Sense id: en-obmowa-pl-noun-BnGNCsqb Categories (other): Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 14 15 17 15 13 9 16 Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 12 17 18 15 14 7 18 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant alt parameters: 13 17 18 15 14 7 17 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant wikilinks: 13 17 18 15 14 7 17
  2. (Middle Polish) verbal defense, justifying Tags: Middle, Polish, feminine Categories (topical): Law
    Sense id: en-obmowa-pl-noun-XLuwg4Mo Disambiguation of Law: 4 21 18 24 10 6 17 Categories (other): Middle Polish, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 14 15 17 15 13 9 16 Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 12 17 18 15 14 7 18 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant alt parameters: 13 17 18 15 14 7 17 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant wikilinks: 13 17 18 15 14 7 17
  3. (Middle Polish) discourse, speech Tags: Middle, Polish, feminine Categories (topical): Law
    Sense id: en-obmowa-pl-noun-WphdSKdS Disambiguation of Law: 4 21 18 24 10 6 17 Categories (other): Middle Polish, Polish deverbals, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks Disambiguation of Polish deverbals: 11 16 21 16 12 9 16 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 14 15 17 15 13 9 16 Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 12 17 18 15 14 7 18 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant alt parameters: 13 17 18 15 14 7 17 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant wikilinks: 13 17 18 15 14 7 17
  4. (Middle Polish) describing; description (act of describing) Tags: Middle, Polish, feminine Categories (topical): Law
    Sense id: en-obmowa-pl-noun-hlp91Z2o Disambiguation of Law: 4 21 18 24 10 6 17 Categories (other): Middle Polish, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 14 15 17 15 13 9 16 Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 12 17 18 15 14 7 18 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant alt parameters: 13 17 18 15 14 7 17 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant wikilinks: 13 17 18 15 14 7 17
  5. (Middle Polish) arrangement, agreement Tags: Middle, Polish, feminine
    Sense id: en-obmowa-pl-noun-jUO9pR9t Categories (other): Middle Polish, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 14 15 17 15 13 9 16 Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 12 17 18 15 14 7 18 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant alt parameters: 13 17 18 15 14 7 17 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant wikilinks: 13 17 18 15 14 7 17
  6. (Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include: Tags: Middle, Polish, feminine
    Sense id: en-obmowa-pl-noun-I6wWwGKf Categories (other): Middle Polish, Polish terms with uncertain meaning
  7. (Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
    project; proposition
    Tags: Middle, Polish, feminine Categories (topical): Law
    Sense id: en-obmowa-pl-noun-WFcY~hTY Disambiguation of Law: 4 21 18 24 10 6 17 Categories (other): Middle Polish, Polish terms with uncertain meaning, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 14 15 17 15 13 9 16 Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 12 17 18 15 14 7 18 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant alt parameters: 13 17 18 15 14 7 17 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant wikilinks: 13 17 18 15 14 7 17
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: obmowliwy, obmowny Related terms: obmawiacz, obmówca, obmównica, obmównik, mówić [imperfective], obmówić [perfective], obmawiać [imperfective]

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for obmowa meaning in All languages combined (12.8kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "obmowa"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: obmowa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: obmowa"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-opl",
        "2": "obmówić"
      },
      "expansion": "Deverbal from obmówić",
      "name": "deverbal"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fifteenth century"
      },
      "expansion": "the fifteenth century",
      "name": "etydate/the"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fifteenth century"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the fifteenth century.",
      "name": "etydate"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Deverbal from obmówić. First attested in the fifteenth century.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "obmowa f",
      "name": "zlw-opl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Polish",
  "lang_code": "zlw-opl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish deverbals",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "badmouthing; defamation, slander"
      ],
      "id": "en-obmowa-zlw-opl-noun-CYlawwe5",
      "links": [
        [
          "badmouth",
          "badmouth"
        ],
        [
          "defamation",
          "defamation"
        ],
        [
          "slander",
          "slander"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "obmawiacz"
        },
        {
          "word": "obmawianie"
        },
        {
          "word": "obmówca"
        },
        {
          "word": "obmówienie"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "mówić"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "perfective"
          ],
          "word": "obmówić"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "imperfective"
          ],
          "word": "obmawiać"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔbmɔva/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔbmɔva/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
    }
  ],
  "word": "obmowa"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "obmowliwy"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "obmowny"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "obmowa",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish obmowa",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "obmowa"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish obmowa",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "+deverbal",
        "2": "pl",
        "3": "obmówić"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, deverbal from obmówić",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish obmowa. By surface analysis, deverbal from obmówić.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "obmówka",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowisko",
      "tags": [
        "augmentative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmów",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowę",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmową",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowo",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "aug": "obmowisko",
        "dim": "obmówka"
      },
      "expansion": "obmowa f (diminutive obmówka, augmentative obmowisko)",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ob‧mo‧wa"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "genp": "obmów"
      },
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "obmawiacz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "obmówca"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "obmównica"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "obmównik"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "mówić"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "obmówić"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "obmawiać"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "14 15 17 15 13 9 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 17 18 15 14 7 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 17 18 15 14 7 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 17 18 15 14 7 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "defamation, slander"
      ],
      "id": "en-obmowa-pl-noun-BnGNCsqb",
      "links": [
        [
          "defamation",
          "defamation"
        ],
        [
          "slander",
          "slander"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(literary) defamation, slander"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "oszczerstwo"
        },
        {
          "word": "zniesławienie"
        },
        {
          "word": "potwarz"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 15 17 15 13 9 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 17 18 15 14 7 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 17 18 15 14 7 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 17 18 15 14 7 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 21 18 24 10 6 17",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Law",
          "orig": "pl:Law",
          "parents": [
            "Justice",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "verbal defense, justifying"
      ],
      "id": "en-obmowa-pl-noun-XLuwg4Mo",
      "links": [
        [
          "verbal",
          "verbal"
        ],
        [
          "defense",
          "defense"
        ],
        [
          "justify",
          "justify"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) verbal defense, justifying"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "11 16 21 16 12 9 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish deverbals",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 15 17 15 13 9 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 17 18 15 14 7 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 17 18 15 14 7 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 17 18 15 14 7 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 21 18 24 10 6 17",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Law",
          "orig": "pl:Law",
          "parents": [
            "Justice",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "discourse, speech"
      ],
      "id": "en-obmowa-pl-noun-WphdSKdS",
      "links": [
        [
          "discourse",
          "discourse"
        ],
        [
          "speech",
          "speech"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) discourse, speech"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 15 17 15 13 9 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 17 18 15 14 7 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 17 18 15 14 7 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 17 18 15 14 7 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 21 18 24 10 6 17",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Law",
          "orig": "pl:Law",
          "parents": [
            "Justice",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "describing; description (act of describing)"
      ],
      "id": "en-obmowa-pl-noun-hlp91Z2o",
      "links": [
        [
          "describing",
          "describe"
        ],
        [
          "description",
          "description"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) describing; description (act of describing)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 15 17 15 13 9 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 17 18 15 14 7 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 17 18 15 14 7 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 17 18 15 14 7 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "arrangement, agreement"
      ],
      "id": "en-obmowa-pl-noun-jUO9pR9t",
      "links": [
        [
          "arrangement",
          "arrangement"
        ],
        [
          "agreement",
          "agreement"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) arrangement, agreement"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish terms with uncertain meaning",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with uncertain meaning",
            "Terms by usage"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
        "The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include"
      ],
      "id": "en-obmowa-pl-noun-I6wWwGKf",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish terms with uncertain meaning",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with uncertain meaning",
            "Terms by usage"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "14 15 17 15 13 9 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "12 17 18 15 14 7 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 17 18 15 14 7 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 17 18 15 14 7 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 21 18 24 10 6 17",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Law",
          "orig": "pl:Law",
          "parents": [
            "Justice",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
        "project; proposition"
      ],
      "id": "en-obmowa-pl-noun-WFcY~hTY",
      "links": [
        [
          "project",
          "project"
        ],
        [
          "proposition",
          "proposition"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
        "project; proposition"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish",
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔbˈmɔ.va/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔbˈmɔ.va/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔva"
    }
  ],
  "word": "obmowa"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "pl:Law"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "obmowa"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: obmowa",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: obmowa"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zlw-opl",
        "2": "obmówić"
      },
      "expansion": "Deverbal from obmówić",
      "name": "deverbal"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fifteenth century"
      },
      "expansion": "the fifteenth century",
      "name": "etydate/the"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fifteenth century"
      },
      "expansion": "First attested in the fifteenth century.",
      "name": "etydate"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Deverbal from obmówić. First attested in the fifteenth century.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "obmowa f",
      "name": "zlw-opl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Old Polish",
  "lang_code": "zlw-opl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "obmawiacz"
    },
    {
      "word": "obmawianie"
    },
    {
      "word": "obmówca"
    },
    {
      "word": "obmówienie"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "mówić"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "obmówić"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "obmawiać"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Old Polish deverbals",
        "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
        "Old Polish feminine nouns",
        "Old Polish lemmas",
        "Old Polish nouns",
        "Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "badmouthing; defamation, slander"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "badmouth",
          "badmouth"
        ],
        [
          "defamation",
          "defamation"
        ],
        [
          "slander",
          "slander"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔbmɔva/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔbmɔva/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
    }
  ],
  "word": "obmowa"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Polish 3-syllable words",
    "Polish deverbals",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish feminine nouns",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish links with manual fragments",
    "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Polish nouns",
    "Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio links",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɔva",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɔva/3 syllables",
    "pl:Law"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "obmowliwy"
    },
    {
      "word": "obmowny"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "obmowa",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Polish obmowa",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zlw-opl",
        "3": "obmowa"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish obmowa",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "+deverbal",
        "2": "pl",
        "3": "obmówić"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, deverbal from obmówić",
      "name": "surf"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish obmowa. By surface analysis, deverbal from obmówić.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "obmówka",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowisko",
      "tags": [
        "augmentative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmów",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowę",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmową",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowo",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "obmowy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f",
        "aug": "obmowisko",
        "dim": "obmówka"
      },
      "expansion": "obmowa f (diminutive obmówka, augmentative obmowisko)",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ob‧mo‧wa"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "genp": "obmów"
      },
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "obmawiacz"
    },
    {
      "word": "obmówca"
    },
    {
      "word": "obmównica"
    },
    {
      "word": "obmównik"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "mówić"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ],
      "word": "obmówić"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ],
      "word": "obmawiać"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish literary terms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "defamation, slander"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "defamation",
          "defamation"
        ],
        [
          "slander",
          "slander"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(literary) defamation, slander"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "oszczerstwo"
        },
        {
          "word": "zniesławienie"
        },
        {
          "word": "potwarz"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "literary"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle Polish"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "verbal defense, justifying"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "verbal",
          "verbal"
        ],
        [
          "defense",
          "defense"
        ],
        [
          "justify",
          "justify"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) verbal defense, justifying"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle Polish"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "discourse, speech"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "discourse",
          "discourse"
        ],
        [
          "speech",
          "speech"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) discourse, speech"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle Polish"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "describing; description (act of describing)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "describing",
          "describe"
        ],
        [
          "description",
          "description"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) describing; description (act of describing)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle Polish"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "arrangement, agreement"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "arrangement",
          "arrangement"
        ],
        [
          "agreement",
          "agreement"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) arrangement, agreement"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle Polish",
        "Polish terms with uncertain meaning"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
        "The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include"
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle Polish",
        "Polish terms with uncertain meaning"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
        "project; proposition"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "project",
          "project"
        ],
        [
          "proposition",
          "proposition"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:",
        "project; proposition"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish",
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔbˈmɔ.va/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɔbˈmɔ.va/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔva"
    }
  ],
  "word": "obmowa"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.