See manda on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "manda",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Asturian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 1 9 7 0 0 0 0 0 10 1 10 1 10 10 1 4 0 0 0 0 1 1 10 1 1 10 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mandar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mandar:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-manda-ast-verb-pYBSXPqJ",
"links": [
[
"mandar",
"mandar#Asturian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mandar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mandar:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-manda-ast-verb-gPHTMu3~",
"links": [
[
"mandar",
"mandar#Asturian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "manda",
"2": "6"
},
"expansion": "manda class 6",
"name": "ny-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Chichewa",
"lang_code": "ny",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chichewa entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 11 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ny",
"name": "Death",
"orig": "ny:Death",
"parents": [
"Body",
"Life",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 1 11 10 0 1 1 1 1 8 1 8 1 8 8 1 6 0 0 0 0 2 1 8 1 1 8 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 11 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 1 9 7 0 0 0 0 0 10 1 10 1 10 10 1 4 0 0 0 0 1 1 10 1 1 10 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tomb"
],
"id": "en-manda-ny-noun-8qaql62y",
"links": [
[
"tomb",
"tomb"
]
],
"tags": [
"class-6"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈma.ⁿda/"
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "manda",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 11 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 1 11 10 0 1 1 1 1 8 1 8 1 8 8 1 6 0 0 0 0 2 1 8 1 1 8 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 11 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mander"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular past historic of mander"
],
"id": "en-manda-fr-verb-36l-Gum7",
"links": [
[
"mander",
"mander#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"historic",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "roa-opt",
"3": "",
"4": "mãada"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese mãada",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "la",
"3": "manuatus",
"4": "manuata",
"t": "a handful"
},
"expansion": "Latin manuata (“a handful”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "manada"
},
"expansion": "Spanish manada",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "manata"
},
"expansion": "Italian manata",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Galician-Portuguese mãada, from Latin manuata (“a handful”). Cognate with Spanish manada and Italian manata.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mandas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mada",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "meada",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "manda f (plural mandas)",
"name": "gl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"handful, fistful"
],
"id": "en-manda-gl-noun-mwX08tL7",
"links": [
[
"handful",
"handful"
],
[
"fistful",
"fistful"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "manchea"
},
{
"word": "presa"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bundle; sheaf"
],
"id": "en-manda-gl-noun-cerRX3B8",
"links": [
[
"bundle",
"bundle"
],
[
"sheaf",
"sheaf"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "feixe"
},
{
"word": "maínzo"
},
{
"word": "mollo"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"pack; herd"
],
"id": "en-manda-gl-noun-SdHLRpEh",
"links": [
[
"pack",
"pack"
],
[
"herd",
"herd"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "fato"
},
{
"word": "grei"
},
{
"word": "rabaño"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"school, shoal"
],
"id": "en-manda-gl-noun-bmpNF7oZ",
"links": [
[
"school",
"school"
],
[
"shoal",
"shoal"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cardume"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmanda̝/"
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "mandar",
"t": "to command; bequeath"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation of mandar (“to command; bequeath”)",
"name": "back-formation"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation of mandar (“to command; bequeath”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mandas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "manda f (plural mandas)",
"name": "gl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I ask of them [the executors], for the love of God and for the love and friendship that I always had with them, to carry out this bequest of mine in two months from the day I die",
"ref": "1380, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 613:",
"text": "Rogolles por amor de deus et por lo amor et amizade que con elles senpre ouue que cunplan esta mina manda do dia que eu finar ata dous meses",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bequest, legacy, inheritance"
],
"id": "en-manda-gl-noun-yaazws64",
"links": [
[
"bequest",
"bequest"
],
[
"legacy",
"legacy"
],
[
"inheritance",
"inheritance"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmanda̝/"
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "mandar",
"t": "to command; bequeath"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation of mandar (“to command; bequeath”)",
"name": "back-formation"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation of mandar (“to command; bequeath”)",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "manda",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 1 9 7 0 0 0 0 0 10 1 10 1 10 10 1 4 0 0 0 0 1 1 10 1 1 10 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 2 3 4 4 73 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Galician back-formations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 6 2 3 8 65 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mandar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mandar:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-manda-gl-verb-pYBSXPqJ",
"links": [
[
"mandar",
"mandar#Galician"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mandar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mandar:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-manda-gl-verb-gPHTMu3~",
"links": [
[
"mandar",
"mandar#Galician"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmanda̝/"
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "manda",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 1 9 7 0 0 0 0 0 10 1 10 1 10 10 1 4 0 0 0 0 1 1 10 1 1 10 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mandare"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mandare:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-manda-it-verb-cZoTGzR~",
"links": [
[
"mandare",
"mandare#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mandare"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mandare:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-manda-it-verb-ZB2vpdrI",
"links": [
[
"mandare",
"mandare#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lld",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "manda",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ladin",
"lang_code": "lld",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 1 9 7 0 0 0 0 0 10 1 10 1 10 10 1 4 0 0 0 0 1 1 10 1 1 10 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 45 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ladin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mander"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mander:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-manda-lld-verb-rjHEhyd-",
"links": [
[
"mander",
"mander#Ladin"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 1 9 7 0 0 0 0 0 10 1 10 1 10 10 1 4 0 0 0 0 1 1 10 1 1 10 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 45 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ladin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mander"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mander:",
"third-person plural present indicative"
],
"id": "en-manda-lld-verb-4ZxkGM2K",
"links": [
[
"mander",
"mander#Ladin"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "44 45 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ladin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mander"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mander:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-manda-lld-verb-oNBVqb9t",
"links": [
[
"mander",
"mander#Ladin"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "mandā",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verb form",
"head": "mandā"
},
"expansion": "mandā",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 11 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mandō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular present active imperative of mandō"
],
"id": "en-manda-la-verb-~oMZZyXP",
"links": [
[
"mandō",
"mando#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"imperative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "manda n",
"name": "pi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Pali",
"lang_code": "pi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 8 8 27 28 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pali adjectives in Latin script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 46 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pali entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a little"
],
"id": "en-manda-pi-noun-mr4PzjZb",
"links": [
[
"little",
"little"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "manda",
"name": "pi-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Pali",
"lang_code": "pi",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"slow"
],
"id": "en-manda-pi-adj-Xgz3vR36",
"links": [
[
"slow",
"slow"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"dull"
],
"id": "en-manda-pi-adj-j2jqAoLb",
"links": [
[
"dull",
"dull"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"lazy"
],
"id": "en-manda-pi-adj-gf1n0C9n",
"links": [
[
"lazy",
"lazy"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 8 8 27 28 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pali adjectives in Latin script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"foolish"
],
"id": "en-manda-pi-adj-fTBf1HPz",
"links": [
[
"foolish",
"foolish"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "8 8 8 27 28 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pali adjectives in Latin script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 1 1 46 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pali entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"giving a little"
],
"id": "en-manda-pi-adj-Hlnl172y"
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "manda",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"man‧da"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 1 9 7 0 0 0 0 0 10 1 10 1 10 10 1 4 0 0 0 0 1 1 10 1 1 10 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mandar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mandar:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-manda-pt-verb-pYBSXPqJ",
"links": [
[
"mandar",
"mandar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mandar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mandar:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-manda-pt-verb-gPHTMu3~",
"links": [
[
"mandar",
"mandar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɐ̃.dɐ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɐ̃dɐ"
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "mandar"
},
"expansion": "Deverbal of mandar",
"name": "deverbal"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Deverbal of mandar.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mandas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "manda f (plural mandas)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"man‧da"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish deverbals",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"vow"
],
"id": "en-manda-es-noun-hdou1LTD",
"links": [
[
"vow",
"vow"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "voto"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmanda/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈmãn̪.d̪a]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-anda"
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "manda",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"man‧da"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 1 9 7 0 0 0 0 0 10 1 10 1 10 10 1 4 0 0 0 0 1 1 10 1 1 10 1 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 78 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mandar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mandar:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"id": "en-manda-es-verb-pYBSXPqJ",
"links": [
[
"mandar",
"mandar#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mandar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mandar:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"id": "en-manda-es-verb-gPHTMu3~",
"links": [
[
"mandar",
"mandar#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmanda/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈmãn̪.d̪a]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-anda"
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "ماندا",
"tr": "manda"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish ماندا (manda)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish ماندا (manda), مانده (manda).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mandayı",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "mandalar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite accusative",
"4": "mandayı",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "plural",
"8": "mandalar",
"f1accel-form": "def|acc|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f3accel-form": "nom|p",
"f3request": "1",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "manda (definite accusative mandayı, plural mandalar)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yı",
"2": "lar"
},
"expansion": "manda (definite accusative mandayı, plural mandalar)",
"name": "tr-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"man‧da"
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "64 36",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "tr",
"name": "Bovines",
"orig": "tr:Bovines",
"parents": [
"Even-toed ungulates",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"water buffalo"
],
"id": "en-manda-tr-noun-m3hqv4f~",
"links": [
[
"water buffalo",
"water buffalo"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/man.ˈda/"
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "ماندا",
"tr": "manda"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish ماندا (manda)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "fr",
"3": "mandat"
},
"expansion": "French mandat",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish ماندا (manda), from French mandat.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mandayı",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "mandalar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite accusative",
"4": "mandayı",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "plural",
"8": "mandalar",
"f1accel-form": "def|acc|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f3accel-form": "nom|p",
"f3request": "1",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "manda (definite accusative mandayı, plural mandalar)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yı",
"2": "lar"
},
"expansion": "manda (definite accusative mandayı, plural mandalar)",
"name": "tr-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"man‧da"
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "tr",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "tr:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "44 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mandate"
],
"id": "en-manda-tr-noun-2Vm2OGY~",
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"mandate",
"mandate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) mandate"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈman.da/"
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"categories": [
"Asturian entries with incorrect language header",
"Asturian non-lemma forms",
"Asturian verb forms",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"tr:Bovines"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "manda",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Asturian",
"lang_code": "ast",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mandar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mandar:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"mandar",
"mandar#Asturian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mandar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mandar:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"mandar",
"mandar#Asturian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"tr:Bovines"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "manda",
"2": "6"
},
"expansion": "manda class 6",
"name": "ny-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Chichewa",
"lang_code": "ny",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chichewa class 6 nouns",
"Chichewa entries with incorrect language header",
"Chichewa lemmas",
"Chichewa nouns",
"Chichewa terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chichewa terms with redundant head parameter",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ny:Death"
],
"glosses": [
"tomb"
],
"links": [
[
"tomb",
"tomb"
]
],
"tags": [
"class-6"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈma.ⁿda/"
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"tr:Bovines"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "manda",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French non-lemma forms",
"French verb forms",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mander"
}
],
"glosses": [
"third-person singular past historic of mander"
],
"links": [
[
"mander",
"mander#French"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"historic",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"categories": [
"Galician back-formations",
"Galician countable nouns",
"Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"Galician feminine nouns",
"Galician lemmas",
"Galician non-lemma forms",
"Galician nouns",
"Galician terms derived from Latin",
"Galician terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese",
"Galician terms inherited from Latin",
"Galician terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese",
"Galician verb forms",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"tr:Bovines"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "roa-opt",
"3": "",
"4": "mãada"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese mãada",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "la",
"3": "manuatus",
"4": "manuata",
"t": "a handful"
},
"expansion": "Latin manuata (“a handful”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "manada"
},
"expansion": "Spanish manada",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "manata"
},
"expansion": "Italian manata",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Galician-Portuguese mãada, from Latin manuata (“a handful”). Cognate with Spanish manada and Italian manata.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mandas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "mada",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "meada",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "manda f (plural mandas)",
"name": "gl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"handful, fistful"
],
"links": [
[
"handful",
"handful"
],
[
"fistful",
"fistful"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "manchea"
},
{
"word": "presa"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bundle; sheaf"
],
"links": [
[
"bundle",
"bundle"
],
[
"sheaf",
"sheaf"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "feixe"
},
{
"word": "maínzo"
},
{
"word": "mollo"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"pack; herd"
],
"links": [
[
"pack",
"pack"
],
[
"herd",
"herd"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "fato"
},
{
"word": "grei"
},
{
"word": "rabaño"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"school, shoal"
],
"links": [
[
"school",
"school"
],
[
"shoal",
"shoal"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cardume"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmanda̝/"
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"categories": [
"Galician back-formations",
"Galician countable nouns",
"Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"Galician feminine nouns",
"Galician lemmas",
"Galician non-lemma forms",
"Galician nouns",
"Galician verb forms",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"tr:Bovines"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "mandar",
"t": "to command; bequeath"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation of mandar (“to command; bequeath”)",
"name": "back-formation"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation of mandar (“to command; bequeath”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mandas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "manda f (plural mandas)",
"name": "gl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Galician terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I ask of them [the executors], for the love of God and for the love and friendship that I always had with them, to carry out this bequest of mine in two months from the day I die",
"ref": "1380, A. López Ferreiro, editor, Galicia Histórica. Colección diplomática, Santiago: Tipografía Galaica, page 613:",
"text": "Rogolles por amor de deus et por lo amor et amizade que con elles senpre ouue que cunplan esta mina manda do dia que eu finar ata dous meses",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bequest, legacy, inheritance"
],
"links": [
[
"bequest",
"bequest"
],
[
"legacy",
"legacy"
],
[
"inheritance",
"inheritance"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmanda̝/"
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"categories": [
"Galician back-formations",
"Galician countable nouns",
"Galician entries with incorrect language header",
"Galician feminine nouns",
"Galician lemmas",
"Galician non-lemma forms",
"Galician nouns",
"Galician verb forms",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"tr:Bovines"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "mandar",
"t": "to command; bequeath"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation of mandar (“to command; bequeath”)",
"name": "back-formation"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation of mandar (“to command; bequeath”)",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "manda",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mandar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mandar:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"mandar",
"mandar#Galician"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mandar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mandar:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"mandar",
"mandar#Galician"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmanda̝/"
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"categories": [
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian non-lemma forms",
"Italian verb forms",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"tr:Bovines"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "manda",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mandare"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mandare:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"mandare",
"mandare#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mandare"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mandare:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"mandare",
"mandare#Italian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ladin entries with incorrect language header",
"Ladin non-lemma forms",
"Ladin verb forms",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"tr:Bovines"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lld",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "manda",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ladin",
"lang_code": "lld",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mander"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mander:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"mander",
"mander#Ladin"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mander"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mander:",
"third-person plural present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"mander",
"mander#Ladin"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mander"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mander:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"mander",
"mander#Ladin"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"tr:Bovines"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "mandā",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verb form",
"head": "mandā"
},
"expansion": "mandā",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin verb forms",
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mandō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular present active imperative of mandō"
],
"links": [
[
"mandō",
"mando#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"imperative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pali adjectives",
"Pali adjectives in Latin script",
"Pali entries with incorrect language header",
"Pali lemmas",
"Pali neuter nouns",
"Pali nouns",
"Pali nouns in Latin script",
"tr:Bovines"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "manda n",
"name": "pi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Pali",
"lang_code": "pi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a little"
],
"links": [
[
"little",
"little"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pali adjectives",
"Pali adjectives in Latin script",
"Pali entries with incorrect language header",
"Pali lemmas",
"Pali neuter nouns",
"Pali nouns",
"Pali nouns in Latin script",
"tr:Bovines"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "manda",
"name": "pi-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Pali",
"lang_code": "pi",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"slow"
],
"links": [
[
"slow",
"slow"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"dull"
],
"links": [
[
"dull",
"dull"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"lazy"
],
"links": [
[
"lazy",
"lazy"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"foolish"
],
"links": [
[
"foolish",
"foolish"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"giving a little"
]
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese 2-syllable words",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese non-lemma forms",
"Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Portuguese verb forms",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/ɐ̃dɐ",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/ɐ̃dɐ/2 syllables",
"tr:Bovines"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "manda",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"man‧da"
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mandar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mandar:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"mandar",
"mandar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mandar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mandar:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"mandar",
"mandar#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmɐ̃.dɐ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɐ̃dɐ"
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Spanish/anda",
"Rhymes:Spanish/anda/2 syllables",
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish deverbals",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish feminine nouns",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish non-lemma forms",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Spanish verb forms",
"tr:Bovines"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "mandar"
},
"expansion": "Deverbal of mandar",
"name": "deverbal"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Deverbal of mandar.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mandas",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "manda f (plural mandas)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"man‧da"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"vow"
],
"links": [
[
"vow",
"vow"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "voto"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmanda/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈmãn̪.d̪a]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-anda"
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Spanish/anda",
"Rhymes:Spanish/anda/2 syllables",
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish non-lemma forms",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Spanish verb forms",
"tr:Bovines"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "manda",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"man‧da"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mandar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mandar:",
"third-person singular present indicative"
],
"links": [
[
"mandar",
"mandar#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "mandar"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of mandar:",
"second-person singular imperative"
],
"links": [
[
"mandar",
"mandar#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈmanda/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈmãn̪.d̪a]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-anda"
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish lemmas",
"Turkish nouns",
"Turkish terms derived from French",
"Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish",
"tr:Bovines"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "ماندا",
"tr": "manda"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish ماندا (manda)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish ماندا (manda), مانده (manda).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mandayı",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "mandalar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite accusative",
"4": "mandayı",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "plural",
"8": "mandalar",
"f1accel-form": "def|acc|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f3accel-form": "nom|p",
"f3request": "1",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "manda (definite accusative mandayı, plural mandalar)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yı",
"2": "lar"
},
"expansion": "manda (definite accusative mandayı, plural mandalar)",
"name": "tr-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"man‧da"
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"water buffalo"
],
"links": [
[
"water buffalo",
"water buffalo"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/man.ˈda/"
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 11 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Turkish lemmas",
"Turkish nouns",
"Turkish terms derived from French",
"Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
"Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish",
"tr:Bovines"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "ota",
"3": "ماندا",
"tr": "manda"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish ماندا (manda)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "fr",
"3": "mandat"
},
"expansion": "French mandat",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish ماندا (manda), from French mandat.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "mandayı",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite"
]
},
{
"form": "mandalar",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "noun",
"3": "definite accusative",
"4": "mandayı",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "plural",
"8": "mandalar",
"f1accel-form": "def|acc|s",
"f1request": "1",
"f3accel-form": "nom|p",
"f3request": "1",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "manda (definite accusative mandayı, plural mandalar)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yı",
"2": "lar"
},
"expansion": "manda (definite accusative mandayı, plural mandalar)",
"name": "tr-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"man‧da"
],
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"tr:Law"
],
"glosses": [
"mandate"
],
"links": [
[
"law",
"law#English"
],
[
"mandate",
"mandate"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(law) mandate"
],
"topics": [
"law"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈman.da/"
}
],
"word": "manda"
}
Download raw JSONL data for manda meaning in All languages combined (16.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.