See louver on Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "louvered"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "louvred"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lover",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English lover",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lover"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English lover",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "lovier"
},
"expansion": "Old French lovier",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "*lōdārium"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin *lōdārium",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*laubijā",
"t": "shelter"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *laubijā (“shelter”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English lover, from Old French lovier, lover (“skylight”), from Medieval Latin *lōdārium (attested as lōvārium), extension of lōdium, of unclear origin, but probably of Germanic origin and related to Frankish *laubijā (“shelter”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "louvers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "louver (plural louvers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "jalousie"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 14 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 17 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "62 11 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 9 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
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},
{
"_dis": "42 14 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 15 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 16 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 12 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 20 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 15 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 19 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 19 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 15 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 17 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 17 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 15 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 17 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 19 29",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Middle English translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 20 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 17 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 20 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 15 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book VI, Canto X”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:",
"text": "But darknesse dred and daily night did hover / Through all the inner parts, wherein they dwelt; / Ne lightned was with window, nor with lover, / But with continuall candle-light […].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A type of turret on the roof of certain medieval buildings designed to allow ventilation or the admission of light."
],
"id": "en-louver-en-noun-1KPVlmfq",
"links": [
[
"turret",
"turret"
],
[
"ventilation",
"ventilation"
],
[
"light",
"light"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "67 13 20",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "a ventilating turret or lantern",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "lamel"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 13 20",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "a ventilating turret or lantern",
"word": "jalousi"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 13 20",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a ventilating turret or lantern",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "luifel"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 13 20",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a ventilating turret or lantern",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Lüftungsgitter"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 13 20",
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "a ventilating turret or lantern",
"word": "lover"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 13 20",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a ventilating turret or lantern",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lanternim"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 13 20",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "a ventilating turret or lantern",
"word": "hava deliği"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 13 20",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "a ventilating turret or lantern",
"word": "hava yarığı"
},
{
"_dis1": "67 13 20",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "a ventilating turret or lantern",
"word": "panjur"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "42 14 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 15 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 16 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 15 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 15 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 15 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 15 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A series of sloping overlapping slats or boards which admit air and light but exclude rain etc."
],
"id": "en-louver-en-noun-ZapWET3U",
"links": [
[
"overlap",
"overlap"
],
[
"slat",
"slat"
],
[
"board",
"board"
],
[
"rain",
"rain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly in the plural) A series of sloping overlapping slats or boards which admit air and light but exclude rain etc."
],
"tags": [
"in-plural"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "42 14 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 15 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 16 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 15 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 15 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Irish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 15 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 15 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any of a system of slits, as in the hood of an automobile, for ventilation."
],
"id": "en-louver-en-noun-dKkFD05q",
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "16 28 56",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "žaluzi",
"sense": "a slatted opening in a wall, door or window",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "жалузи"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 28 56",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "a slatted opening in a wall, door or window",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "persiana"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 28 56",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "a slatted opening in a wall, door or window",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "lamel"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 28 56",
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "a slatted opening in a wall, door or window",
"word": "jalousi"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 28 56",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a slatted opening in a wall, door or window",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "luifel"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 28 56",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a slatted opening in a wall, door or window",
"word": "säleikkö"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 28 56",
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "a slatted opening in a wall, door or window",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lúvar"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 28 56",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a slatted opening in a wall, door or window",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "persiana"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 28 56",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a slatted opening in a wall, door or window",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "veneziana"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 28 56",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žaljuzí",
"sense": "a slatted opening in a wall, door or window",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "жалюзи́"
},
{
"_dis1": "16 28 56",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a slatted opening in a wall, door or window",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rejilla"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 4 82",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a system of slits for ventilation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "luifel"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 4 82",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a system of slits for ventilation",
"word": "säleikkö"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 4 82",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a system of slits for ventilation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Lüftungsschlitz"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 4 82",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a system of slits for ventilation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "grelha"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 4 82",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žaljuzí",
"sense": "a system of slits for ventilation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "жалюзи́"
},
{
"_dis1": "14 4 82",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a system of slits for ventilation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rejilla"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "lo͞oʹvə",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈluːvə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-louver.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-louver.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-louver.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"enpr": "lo͞oʹvər",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈluːvɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːvə(ɹ)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "loover"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"UK",
"mainly"
],
"word": "louvre"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "lover"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "luffer"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"louver"
],
"word": "louver"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "louve",
"3": "-er"
},
"expansion": "louve + -er",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From louve + -er, evidently related to louve (“she-wolf”), comparing the tight grip of tools to the jaws of a wolf.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fr-conj-auto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "louver",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "louvant",
"ipa": "/lu.vɑ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ayant + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"multiword-construction",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "louvé",
"ipa": "/lu.ve/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "louve",
"ipa": "/luv/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "louves",
"ipa": "/luv/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "louve",
"ipa": "/luv/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louvons",
"ipa": "/lu.vɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "louvez",
"ipa": "/lu.ve/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louvent",
"ipa": "/luv/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louvais",
"ipa": "/lu.vɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "louvais",
"ipa": "/lu.vɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "louvait",
"ipa": "/lu.vɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louvions",
"ipa": "/lu.vjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "louviez",
"ipa": "/lu.vje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louvaient",
"ipa": "/lu.vɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louvai",
"ipa": "/lu.ve/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "louvas",
"ipa": "/lu.va/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "louva",
"ipa": "/lu.va/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louvâmes",
"ipa": "/lu.vam/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "louvâtes",
"ipa": "/lu.vat/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louvèrent",
"ipa": "/lu.vɛʁ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louverai",
"ipa": "/lu.vʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "louveras",
"ipa": "/lu.vʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "louvera",
"ipa": "/lu.vʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louverons",
"ipa": "/lu.vʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "louverez",
"ipa": "/lu.vʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louveront",
"ipa": "/lu.vʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louverais",
"ipa": "/lu.vʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "louverais",
"ipa": "/lu.vʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "louverait",
"ipa": "/lu.vʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louverions",
"ipa": "/lu.və.ʁjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "louveriez",
"ipa": "/lu.və.ʁje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louveraient",
"ipa": "/lu.vʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"anterior",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "future of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "louve",
"ipa": "/luv/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "louves",
"ipa": "/luv/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "louve",
"ipa": "/luv/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louvions",
"ipa": "/lu.vjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "louviez",
"ipa": "/lu.vje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "louvent",
"ipa": "/luv/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louvasse",
"ipa": "/lu.vas/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "louvasses",
"ipa": "/lu.vas/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "louvât",
"ipa": "/lu.va/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louvassions",
"ipa": "/lu.va.sjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "louvassiez",
"ipa": "/lu.va.sje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "louvassent",
"ipa": "/lu.vas/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "louve",
"ipa": "/luv/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "louvons",
"ipa": "/lu.vɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "louvez",
"ipa": "/lu.ve/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "louver",
"name": "fr-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "fr-conj-auto"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French terms suffixed with -er",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French verbs with conjugation -er",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to drill a hole in a stone for the attachment of a wedge"
],
"id": "en-louver-fr-verb-lHi6Km3R",
"links": [
[
"drill",
"drill"
],
[
"stone",
"stone"
],
[
"wedge",
"wedge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to drill a hole in a stone for the attachment of a wedge"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "louve"
}
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lu.ve/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-louver.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5c/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-louver.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-louver.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5c/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-louver.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-louver.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "louver"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Frankish",
"English terms derived from Germanic languages",
"English terms derived from Medieval Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms inherited from Middle English",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for review of Arabic translations",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of German translations",
"Requests for review of Irish translations",
"Requests for review of Italian translations",
"Requests for review of Japanese translations",
"Requests for review of Korean translations",
"Requests for review of Mandarin translations",
"Requests for review of Spanish translations",
"Rhymes:English/uːvə(ɹ)",
"Rhymes:English/uːvə(ɹ)/2 syllables",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Irish translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Middle English translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "louvered"
},
{
"word": "louvred"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lover",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Middle English lover",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "lover"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Middle English lover",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "lovier"
},
"expansion": "Old French lovier",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "ML.",
"3": "*lōdārium"
},
"expansion": "Medieval Latin *lōdārium",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gem",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Germanic",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frk",
"3": "*laubijā",
"t": "shelter"
},
"expansion": "Frankish *laubijā (“shelter”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Middle English lover, from Old French lovier, lover (“skylight”), from Medieval Latin *lōdārium (attested as lōvārium), extension of lōdium, of unclear origin, but probably of Germanic origin and related to Frankish *laubijā (“shelter”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "louvers",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "louver (plural louvers)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "jalousie"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1596, Edmund Spenser, “Book VI, Canto X”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:",
"text": "But darknesse dred and daily night did hover / Through all the inner parts, wherein they dwelt; / Ne lightned was with window, nor with lover, / But with continuall candle-light […].",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A type of turret on the roof of certain medieval buildings designed to allow ventilation or the admission of light."
],
"links": [
[
"turret",
"turret"
],
[
"ventilation",
"ventilation"
],
[
"light",
"light"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A series of sloping overlapping slats or boards which admit air and light but exclude rain etc."
],
"links": [
[
"overlap",
"overlap"
],
[
"slat",
"slat"
],
[
"board",
"board"
],
[
"rain",
"rain"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chiefly in the plural) A series of sloping overlapping slats or boards which admit air and light but exclude rain etc."
],
"tags": [
"in-plural"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Any of a system of slits, as in the hood of an automobile, for ventilation."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"enpr": "lo͞oʹvə",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈluːvə/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-louver.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-louver.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-louver.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"enpr": "lo͞oʹvər",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈluːvɚ/",
"tags": [
"General-American"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːvə(ɹ)"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"archaic"
],
"word": "loover"
},
{
"tags": [
"UK",
"mainly"
],
"word": "louvre"
},
{
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "lover"
},
{
"word": "luffer"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "a ventilating turret or lantern",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "lamel"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "a ventilating turret or lantern",
"word": "jalousi"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a ventilating turret or lantern",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "luifel"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a ventilating turret or lantern",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Lüftungsgitter"
},
{
"code": "enm",
"lang": "Middle English",
"sense": "a ventilating turret or lantern",
"word": "lover"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a ventilating turret or lantern",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lanternim"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "a ventilating turret or lantern",
"word": "hava deliği"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "a ventilating turret or lantern",
"word": "hava yarığı"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "a ventilating turret or lantern",
"word": "panjur"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "žaluzi",
"sense": "a slatted opening in a wall, door or window",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"plural"
],
"word": "жалузи"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "a slatted opening in a wall, door or window",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "persiana"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "a slatted opening in a wall, door or window",
"tags": [
"common-gender"
],
"word": "lamel"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"sense": "a slatted opening in a wall, door or window",
"word": "jalousi"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a slatted opening in a wall, door or window",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "luifel"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a slatted opening in a wall, door or window",
"word": "säleikkö"
},
{
"code": "ga",
"lang": "Irish",
"sense": "a slatted opening in a wall, door or window",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lúvar"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a slatted opening in a wall, door or window",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "persiana"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a slatted opening in a wall, door or window",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "veneziana"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žaljuzí",
"sense": "a slatted opening in a wall, door or window",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "жалюзи́"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a slatted opening in a wall, door or window",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rejilla"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "a system of slits for ventilation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "luifel"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "a system of slits for ventilation",
"word": "säleikkö"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "a system of slits for ventilation",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Lüftungsschlitz"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "a system of slits for ventilation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "grelha"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "žaljuzí",
"sense": "a system of slits for ventilation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"plural"
],
"word": "жалюзи́"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "a system of slits for ventilation",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "rejilla"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"louver"
],
"word": "louver"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "louve",
"3": "-er"
},
"expansion": "louve + -er",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From louve + -er, evidently related to louve (“she-wolf”), comparing the tight grip of tools to the jaws of a wolf.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "fr-conj-auto",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "louver",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"multiword-construction"
]
},
{
"form": "louvant",
"ipa": "/lu.vɑ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "ayant + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"gerund",
"multiword-construction",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "louvé",
"ipa": "/lu.ve/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "louve",
"ipa": "/luv/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "louves",
"ipa": "/luv/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "louve",
"ipa": "/luv/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louvons",
"ipa": "/lu.vɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "louvez",
"ipa": "/lu.ve/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louvent",
"ipa": "/luv/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louvais",
"ipa": "/lu.vɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "louvais",
"ipa": "/lu.vɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "louvait",
"ipa": "/lu.vɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louvions",
"ipa": "/lu.vjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "louviez",
"ipa": "/lu.vje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louvaient",
"ipa": "/lu.vɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louvai",
"ipa": "/lu.ve/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "louvas",
"ipa": "/lu.va/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "louva",
"ipa": "/lu.va/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louvâmes",
"ipa": "/lu.vam/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "louvâtes",
"ipa": "/lu.vat/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louvèrent",
"ipa": "/lu.vɛʁ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"historic",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louverai",
"ipa": "/lu.vʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "louveras",
"ipa": "/lu.vʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "louvera",
"ipa": "/lu.vʁa/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louverons",
"ipa": "/lu.vʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "louverez",
"ipa": "/lu.vʁe/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louveront",
"ipa": "/lu.vʁɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louverais",
"ipa": "/lu.vʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "louverais",
"ipa": "/lu.vʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "louverait",
"ipa": "/lu.vʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louverions",
"ipa": "/lu.və.ʁjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"first-person",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "louveriez",
"ipa": "/lu.və.ʁje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louveraient",
"ipa": "/lu.vʁɛ/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present indicative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect"
]
},
{
"form": "past historic of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"anterior",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "future of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"indicative",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "conditional of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"multiword-construction",
"perfect"
]
},
{
"form": "louve",
"ipa": "/luv/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "louves",
"ipa": "/luv/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "louve",
"ipa": "/luv/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louvions",
"ipa": "/lu.vjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "louviez",
"ipa": "/lu.vje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "louvent",
"ipa": "/luv/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louvasse",
"ipa": "/lu.vas/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "louvasses",
"ipa": "/lu.vas/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "louvât",
"ipa": "/lu.va/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "louvassions",
"ipa": "/lu.va.sjɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "louvassiez",
"ipa": "/lu.va.sje/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "louvassent",
"ipa": "/lu.vas/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "present subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"multiword-construction",
"pluperfect",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "louve",
"ipa": "/luv/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "louvons",
"ipa": "/lu.vɔ̃/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "louvez",
"ipa": "/lu.ve/",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "simple imperative of avoir + past participle",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"multiword-construction",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "louver",
"name": "fr-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "fr-conj-auto"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "louve"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French first group verbs",
"French lemmas",
"French terms suffixed with -er",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French transitive verbs",
"French verbs",
"French verbs with conjugation -er",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"to drill a hole in a stone for the attachment of a wedge"
],
"links": [
[
"drill",
"drill"
],
[
"stone",
"stone"
],
[
"wedge",
"wedge"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to drill a hole in a stone for the attachment of a wedge"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lu.ve/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-louver.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5c/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-louver.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-louver.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5c/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-louver.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Lyoko%C3%AF-louver.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "louver"
}
Download raw JSONL data for louver meaning in All languages combined (17.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.