See lewed on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "lewed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 6 4 10 18 13 18 13 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 5 2 10 15 16 13 11 3 2 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 7 2 11 18 11 17 12 2 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "lew"
}
],
"glosses": [
"simple past and past participle of lew"
],
"id": "en-lewed-en-verb-SkLWsb6k",
"links": [
[
"lew",
"lew#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"word": "lewed"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lewd"
},
"expansion": "English: lewd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: lewd"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "lawd",
"11": "lewd",
"2": "lewde",
"3": "lowde",
"4": "leude",
"5": "leud",
"6": "leaud",
"7": "lawid",
"8": "lawit",
"9": "layit"
},
"expansion": "Scots: lewde, lowde, leude, leud, leaud, lawid, lawit, layit, lawd, lewd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: lewde, lowde, leude, leud, leaud, lawid, lawit, layit, lawd, lewd"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lǣwede"
},
"expansion": "Old English lǣwede",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*laigo-"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *laigo-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "laicus",
"t": "of the people"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin laicus (“of the people”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-ede"
},
"expansion": "Old English -ede",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lǣwan",
"t": "to reveal, betray"
},
"expansion": "Old English lǣwan (“to reveal, betray”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*lāwijan",
"t": "to betray"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *lāwijan (“to betray”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "laicus"
},
"expansion": "Latin laicus",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "lewe",
"t": "treacherous"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lewe (“treacherous”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English lǣwede. According to the OED, of uncertain origin, but probably from Vulgar Latin *laigo-, from Late Latin laicus (“of the people”) + Old English -ede.\nOtherwise, formally resembling a derivative of the past participle of Old English lǣwan (“to reveal, betray”) in the sense of \"exposed as being unlearned\" or \"easily betrayed, clueless\", from Proto-West Germanic *lāwijan (“to betray”), influenced in meaning by Latin laicus. If so, related to Middle English lewe (“treacherous”), belewen (“to hand over, betray”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lewder",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "lewedeste",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "comparative",
"6": "lewder",
"7": "superlative",
"8": "lewedeste",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "lewed (comparative lewder, superlative lewedeste)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "lewder",
"3": "lewedeste"
},
"expansion": "lewed (comparative lewder, superlative lewedeste)",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lewedly"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lewed man"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lewednesse"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lewidhed"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Religion",
"orig": "enm:Religion",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Unrelated to the church; non-priestly; lay."
],
"id": "en-lewed-enm-adj-R3rnmNsu",
"links": [
[
"church",
"church"
],
[
"lay",
"lay"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Education",
"orig": "enm:Education",
"parents": [
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Although men made books, God was the master,\nAnd the Holy Spirit the example, and said what men should write.\nAnd just as sight serves a man to see the high street,\nSo unschooled men learn scripture to reason.",
"ref": "c. 1370–1390, [William Langland], “[Passus 12]”, in The Vision of Pierce Plowman [...], London: […] Roberte Crowley, […], published 1550, →OCLC:",
"text": "Although men made bokes, God was the maister,\nAnd Seint Spirit the samplarie, and seide what men sholde write.\nAnd right as sight serveth a man to se the heighe strete,\nRight so lereth scripture lewed men to reason.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Unschooled, not learned or educated; lacking in knowledge."
],
"id": "en-lewed-enm-adj-cNfZVGhQ",
"links": [
[
"Unschooled",
"unschooled"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 6 4 10 18 13 18 13 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 7 2 11 18 11 17 12 2 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 25 23 7 14 11 0 20 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Mind",
"orig": "enm:Mind",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Simple-minded, dumb, or unintelligent; lacking in brainpower."
],
"id": "en-lewed-enm-adj-1NJv1PCb",
"links": [
[
"Simple-minded",
"simple-minded"
],
[
"dumb",
"dumb"
],
[
"unintelligent",
"unintelligent"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 6 4 10 18 13 18 13 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 7 2 11 18 11 17 12 2 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 25 23 7 14 11 0 20 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Mind",
"orig": "enm:Mind",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Unmannered, rude, or disrespectful."
],
"id": "en-lewed-enm-adj-BQoRxgmK",
"links": [
[
"Unmannered",
"unmannered"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 6 4 10 18 13 18 13 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 7 2 11 18 11 17 12 2 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Low-quality; crude, feeble; of meagre workmanship."
],
"id": "en-lewed-enm-adj-c1EHgZ5C",
"links": [
[
"crude",
"crude"
],
[
"feeble",
"feeble"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 6 4 10 18 13 18 13 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 7 2 11 18 11 17 12 2 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 25 23 7 14 11 0 20 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Mind",
"orig": "enm:Mind",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Lowborn or lowly; not of noble lineage."
],
"id": "en-lewed-enm-adj-Y5etYait",
"links": [
[
"Lowborn",
"lowborn"
],
[
"lowly",
"lowly"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 6 4 10 18 13 18 13 2 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 7 2 11 18 11 17 12 2 1 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 25 23 7 14 11 0 20 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Mind",
"orig": "enm:Mind",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Ordinary, unsophisticated or simple; typifying one of non-noble lineage."
],
"id": "en-lewed-enm-adj-tmx65iK1",
"links": [
[
"Ordinary",
"ordinary"
],
[
"simple",
"simple"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Lewd, immoral, sinful, or malicious."
],
"id": "en-lewed-enm-adj-YKIenvrl",
"links": [
[
"Lewd",
"lewd"
],
[
"immoral",
"immoral"
],
[
"sinful",
"sinful"
],
[
"malicious",
"malicious"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Late Middle English) Lewd, immoral, sinful, or malicious."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛːwɛdə/",
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛu̯(i)d(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lewd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "leud"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "leued"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lewde"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "leude"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lewede"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lewide"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lewyd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lewid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lowed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "læwede"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "leawede"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "læuued"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "læwedd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "læwæde"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
],
"word": "leawde"
}
],
"word": "lewed"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lǣwede"
},
"expansion": "Old English lǣwede",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*laigo-"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *laigo-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "laicus",
"t": "of the people"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin laicus (“of the people”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-ede"
},
"expansion": "Old English -ede",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lǣwan",
"t": "to reveal, betray"
},
"expansion": "Old English lǣwan (“to reveal, betray”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*lāwijan",
"t": "to betray"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *lāwijan (“to betray”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "laicus"
},
"expansion": "Latin laicus",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "lewe",
"t": "treacherous"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lewe (“treacherous”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English lǣwede. According to the OED, of uncertain origin, but probably from Vulgar Latin *laigo-, from Late Latin laicus (“of the people”) + Old English -ede.\nOtherwise, formally resembling a derivative of the past participle of Old English lǣwan (“to reveal, betray”) in the sense of \"exposed as being unlearned\" or \"easily betrayed, clueless\", from Proto-West Germanic *lāwijan (“to betray”), influenced in meaning by Latin laicus. If so, related to Middle English lewe (“treacherous”), belewen (“to hand over, betray”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "lewed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 25 23 7 14 11 0 20 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Mind",
"orig": "enm:Mind",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 8 13 7 16 14 0 31 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "People",
"orig": "enm:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"An ignorant or simple-minded individual."
],
"id": "en-lewed-enm-noun-tvwaBhPh",
"links": [
[
"ignorant",
"ignorant"
],
[
"simple-minded",
"simple-minded"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Someone who is not involved in a clerical position."
],
"id": "en-lewed-enm-noun-dXuRR~F-"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛːwɛdə/",
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛu̯(i)d(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lewd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "leud"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "leued"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lewde"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "leude"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lewede"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lewide"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lewyd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lewid"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "lowed"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "læwede"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "leawede"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "læuued"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "læwedd"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "læwæde"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
],
"word": "leawde"
}
],
"word": "lewed"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Late Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms with unknown etymologies",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Education",
"enm:Mind",
"enm:People",
"enm:Religion"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "lewed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English non-lemma forms",
"English verb forms",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "lew"
}
],
"glosses": [
"simple past and past participle of lew"
],
"links": [
[
"lew",
"lew#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"word": "lewed"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Late Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms with unknown etymologies",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Education",
"enm:Mind",
"enm:People",
"enm:Religion"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lewd"
},
"expansion": "English: lewd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: lewd"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"10": "lawd",
"11": "lewd",
"2": "lewde",
"3": "lowde",
"4": "leude",
"5": "leud",
"6": "leaud",
"7": "lawid",
"8": "lawit",
"9": "layit"
},
"expansion": "Scots: lewde, lowde, leude, leud, leaud, lawid, lawit, layit, lawd, lewd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: lewde, lowde, leude, leud, leaud, lawid, lawit, layit, lawd, lewd"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lǣwede"
},
"expansion": "Old English lǣwede",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*laigo-"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *laigo-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "laicus",
"t": "of the people"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin laicus (“of the people”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-ede"
},
"expansion": "Old English -ede",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lǣwan",
"t": "to reveal, betray"
},
"expansion": "Old English lǣwan (“to reveal, betray”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*lāwijan",
"t": "to betray"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *lāwijan (“to betray”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "laicus"
},
"expansion": "Latin laicus",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "lewe",
"t": "treacherous"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lewe (“treacherous”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English lǣwede. According to the OED, of uncertain origin, but probably from Vulgar Latin *laigo-, from Late Latin laicus (“of the people”) + Old English -ede.\nOtherwise, formally resembling a derivative of the past participle of Old English lǣwan (“to reveal, betray”) in the sense of \"exposed as being unlearned\" or \"easily betrayed, clueless\", from Proto-West Germanic *lāwijan (“to betray”), influenced in meaning by Latin laicus. If so, related to Middle English lewe (“treacherous”), belewen (“to hand over, betray”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lewder",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "lewedeste",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "comparative",
"6": "lewder",
"7": "superlative",
"8": "lewedeste",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "lewed (comparative lewder, superlative lewedeste)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "lewder",
"3": "lewedeste"
},
"expansion": "lewed (comparative lewder, superlative lewedeste)",
"name": "enm-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adj",
"related": [
{
"word": "lewedly"
},
{
"word": "lewed man"
},
{
"word": "lewednesse"
},
{
"word": "lewidhed"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Unrelated to the church; non-priestly; lay."
],
"links": [
[
"church",
"church"
],
[
"lay",
"lay"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Although men made books, God was the master,\nAnd the Holy Spirit the example, and said what men should write.\nAnd just as sight serves a man to see the high street,\nSo unschooled men learn scripture to reason.",
"ref": "c. 1370–1390, [William Langland], “[Passus 12]”, in The Vision of Pierce Plowman [...], London: […] Roberte Crowley, […], published 1550, →OCLC:",
"text": "Although men made bokes, God was the maister,\nAnd Seint Spirit the samplarie, and seide what men sholde write.\nAnd right as sight serveth a man to se the heighe strete,\nRight so lereth scripture lewed men to reason.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Unschooled, not learned or educated; lacking in knowledge."
],
"links": [
[
"Unschooled",
"unschooled"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Simple-minded, dumb, or unintelligent; lacking in brainpower."
],
"links": [
[
"Simple-minded",
"simple-minded"
],
[
"dumb",
"dumb"
],
[
"unintelligent",
"unintelligent"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Unmannered, rude, or disrespectful."
],
"links": [
[
"Unmannered",
"unmannered"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Low-quality; crude, feeble; of meagre workmanship."
],
"links": [
[
"crude",
"crude"
],
[
"feeble",
"feeble"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Lowborn or lowly; not of noble lineage."
],
"links": [
[
"Lowborn",
"lowborn"
],
[
"lowly",
"lowly"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Ordinary, unsophisticated or simple; typifying one of non-noble lineage."
],
"links": [
[
"Ordinary",
"ordinary"
],
[
"simple",
"simple"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Lewd, immoral, sinful, or malicious."
],
"links": [
[
"Lewd",
"lewd"
],
[
"immoral",
"immoral"
],
[
"sinful",
"sinful"
],
[
"malicious",
"malicious"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Late Middle English) Lewd, immoral, sinful, or malicious."
],
"tags": [
"Late-Middle-English"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛːwɛdə/",
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛu̯(i)d(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lewd"
},
{
"word": "leud"
},
{
"word": "leued"
},
{
"word": "lewde"
},
{
"word": "leude"
},
{
"word": "lewede"
},
{
"word": "lewide"
},
{
"word": "lewyd"
},
{
"word": "lewid"
},
{
"word": "lowed"
},
{
"word": "læwede"
},
{
"word": "leawede"
},
{
"word": "læuued"
},
{
"word": "læwedd"
},
{
"word": "læwæde"
},
{
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
],
"word": "leawde"
}
],
"word": "lewed"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adjectives",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms derived from Late Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle English terms derived from Vulgar Latin",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Middle English terms with unknown etymologies",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Education",
"enm:Mind",
"enm:People",
"enm:Religion"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lǣwede"
},
"expansion": "Old English lǣwede",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "VL.",
"3": "*laigo-"
},
"expansion": "Vulgar Latin *laigo-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "LL.",
"3": "laicus",
"t": "of the people"
},
"expansion": "Late Latin laicus (“of the people”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "-ede"
},
"expansion": "Old English -ede",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "lǣwan",
"t": "to reveal, betray"
},
"expansion": "Old English lǣwan (“to reveal, betray”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*lāwijan",
"t": "to betray"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *lāwijan (“to betray”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "laicus"
},
"expansion": "Latin laicus",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "lewe",
"t": "treacherous"
},
"expansion": "Middle English lewe (“treacherous”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English lǣwede. According to the OED, of uncertain origin, but probably from Vulgar Latin *laigo-, from Late Latin laicus (“of the people”) + Old English -ede.\nOtherwise, formally resembling a derivative of the past participle of Old English lǣwan (“to reveal, betray”) in the sense of \"exposed as being unlearned\" or \"easily betrayed, clueless\", from Proto-West Germanic *lāwijan (“to betray”), influenced in meaning by Latin laicus. If so, related to Middle English lewe (“treacherous”), belewen (“to hand over, betray”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "lewed",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"An ignorant or simple-minded individual."
],
"links": [
[
"ignorant",
"ignorant"
],
[
"simple-minded",
"simple-minded"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Someone who is not involved in a clerical position."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛːwɛdə/",
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈlɛu̯(i)d(ə)/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lewd"
},
{
"word": "leud"
},
{
"word": "leued"
},
{
"word": "lewde"
},
{
"word": "leude"
},
{
"word": "lewede"
},
{
"word": "lewide"
},
{
"word": "lewyd"
},
{
"word": "lewid"
},
{
"word": "lowed"
},
{
"word": "læwede"
},
{
"word": "leawede"
},
{
"word": "læuued"
},
{
"word": "læwedd"
},
{
"word": "læwæde"
},
{
"tags": [
"Early-Middle-English"
],
"word": "leawde"
}
],
"word": "lewed"
}
Download raw JSONL data for lewed meaning in All languages combined (9.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.