"laughen" meaning in All languages combined

See laughen on Wiktionary

Verb [English]

Head templates: {{head|en|verb form}} laughen
  1. obsolete past participle of laugh. Tags: form-of, obsolete, participle, past Form of: laugh
    Sense id: en-laughen-en-verb-ub8zvfQ2 Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Middle English entries with language name categories using raw markup, Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 63 12 18 3 4 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with language name categories using raw markup: 62 15 17 4 4 Disambiguation of Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup: 63 15 15 4 4

Verb [Middle English]

IPA: /ˈlaxən/ [Early-Middle-English], /ˈlɛxən/ [Early-Middle-English], /ˈlau̯xən/, /ˈlɛi̯xən/, /ˈliːxən/
Etymology: From Old English hlæhhan, alternative form of hlehhan, hliehhan, from Proto-West Germanic *hlahhjan, from Proto-Germanic *hlahjaną. Etymology templates: {{inh|enm|ang|hlæhhan}} Old English hlæhhan, {{m|ang|hlehhan}} hlehhan, {{m|ang|hliehhan}} hliehhan, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*hlahhjan}} Proto-West Germanic *hlahhjan, {{inh|enm|gem-pro|*hlahjaną}} Proto-Germanic *hlahjaną Head templates: {{head|enm|verb}} laughen Inflection templates: {{enm-conj-st|laugh|lough|low|laugh|2a=low|c=6|w=ed|y=0}} Forms: strong weak [table-tags], laughen [infinitive], to laughen [infinitive], laughe [infinitive], laughe [first-person, present, singular], lough [first-person, past, singular], low [first-person, past, singular], laughed [first-person, past, singular], laughest [present, second-person, singular], lowe [past, second-person, singular], lough [past, second-person, singular], low [past, second-person, singular], laughedest [past, second-person, singular], laugheth [present, singular, third-person], lough [past, singular, third-person], low [past, singular, third-person], laughed [past, singular, third-person], laughe [present, singular, subjunctive], lowe [past, singular, subjunctive], laughed [past, singular, subjunctive], laughe [imperative, present, singular], - [imperative, past, singular], laughen [plural, present], laughe [plural, present], lowen [past, plural], lowe [past, plural], laugheden [past, plural], laughede [past, plural], laugheth [imperative, plural, present], laughe [imperative, plural, present], - [imperative, past, plural], laughynge [participle, present], laughende [participle, present], laughen [participle, past], laughe [participle, past], laughed [participle, past]
  1. To laugh; to break out in laughter or laughing. Categories (topical): Emotions, Laughter
    Sense id: en-laughen-enm-verb-70kSKlPg Disambiguation of Emotions: 29 38 32 1 Disambiguation of Laughter: 48 40 8 4
  2. To express glee or joyfulness; to show happiness. Categories (topical): Emotions, Laughter
    Sense id: en-laughen-enm-verb-6Coylnme Disambiguation of Emotions: 29 38 32 1 Disambiguation of Laughter: 48 40 8 4
  3. (usually with a preposition) To reminisce about; to remember with affection. Tags: usually Categories (topical): Emotions
    Sense id: en-laughen-enm-verb-XGFG4v~H Disambiguation of Emotions: 29 38 32 1
  4. (rare) To laugh about an incident or thing. Tags: rare
    Sense id: en-laughen-enm-verb-8wP790sD
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: laughter, lawghynge
Synonyms: laughe, laghe, laghen, lawen, leigh, leygh, leiȝe, leyȝe, lauȝe, lauȝhe, lawȝe, lyȝhe, lauȝen, lauȝwhen, leighȝen, lawhyn, lihȝen, lehȝen, lahhen, lauhwen Synonyms (early): lahhȝhenn Disambiguation of 'early': 0 0 0 0

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for laughen meaning in All languages combined (9.6kB)

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "laughen",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "63 12 18 3 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "62 15 17 4 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "63 15 15 4 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "laugh"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "obsolete past participle of laugh."
      ],
      "id": "en-laughen-en-verb-ub8zvfQ2",
      "links": [
        [
          "laugh",
          "laugh#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "obsolete",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "laughen"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "laughter"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lawghynge"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "laugh"
          },
          "expansion": "English: laugh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: laugh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "lauch"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: lauch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: lauch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "yol",
            "2": "leeigh",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Yola: leeigh, leigh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yola: leeigh, leigh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "hlæhhan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English hlæhhan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "hlehhan"
      },
      "expansion": "hlehhan",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "hliehhan"
      },
      "expansion": "hliehhan",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*hlahhjan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hlahhjan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*hlahjaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hlahjaną",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English hlæhhan, alternative form of hlehhan, hliehhan, from Proto-West Germanic *hlahhjan, from Proto-Germanic *hlahjaną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-st",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "6 or weak in -ed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to laughen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lough",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "low",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lowe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lough",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "low",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laugheth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lough",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "low",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lowe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lowen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lowe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laugheden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laugheth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "laughen",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "laugh",
        "2": "lough",
        "2a": "low",
        "3": "low",
        "4": "laugh",
        "c": "6",
        "w": "ed",
        "y": "0"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "29 38 32 1",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "enm:Emotions",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 40 8 4",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Laughter",
          "orig": "enm:Laughter",
          "parents": [
            "Happiness",
            "Reflexes",
            "Emotions",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "But right away the worthy Knight started / when he saw that all the people laughed: / \"No more of this, because that's enough!",
          "ref": "a. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Knight's Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, lines 961–963",
          "text": "But right anon the worthy Knyght bigan / whan that he saugh that al the peple lough: / \"Namoore of this, for it is right ynough!",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To laugh; to break out in laughter or laughing."
      ],
      "id": "en-laughen-enm-verb-70kSKlPg",
      "links": [
        [
          "laugh",
          "laugh"
        ],
        [
          "laughter",
          "laughter"
        ],
        [
          "laughing",
          "laughing"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "29 38 32 1",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "enm:Emotions",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "48 40 8 4",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Laughter",
          "orig": "enm:Laughter",
          "parents": [
            "Happiness",
            "Reflexes",
            "Emotions",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "And Venus laughs about every person / As January has become her knight",
          "ref": "a. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Merchant's Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, lines 1723–1724",
          "text": "And Venus laugheth upon every wight / For Januarie was bicome hir knyght",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To express glee or joyfulness; to show happiness."
      ],
      "id": "en-laughen-enm-verb-6Coylnme",
      "links": [
        [
          "glee",
          "glee"
        ],
        [
          "joyfulness",
          "joyfulness"
        ],
        [
          "happiness",
          "happiness"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "29 38 32 1",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "enm",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "enm:Emotions",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To reminisce about; to remember with affection."
      ],
      "id": "en-laughen-enm-verb-XGFG4v~H",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(usually with a preposition) To reminisce about; to remember with affection."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with a preposition"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "To laugh about an incident or thing."
      ],
      "id": "en-laughen-enm-verb-8wP790sD",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) To laugh about an incident or thing."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlaxən/",
      "tags": [
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlɛxən/",
      "tags": [
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlau̯xən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlɛi̯xən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈliːxən/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "laughe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "laghe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "laghen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lawen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "leigh"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "leygh"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "leiȝe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "leyȝe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lauȝe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lauȝhe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lawȝe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lyȝhe"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lauȝen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lauȝwhen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "leighȝen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lawhyn"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lihȝen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lehȝen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lahhen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lauhwen"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "sense": "early",
      "word": "lahhȝhenn"
    }
  ],
  "word": "laughen"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English class 6 strong verbs",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Middle English weak verbs",
    "enm:Emotions",
    "enm:Laughter"
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "laughen",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English non-lemma forms",
        "English verb forms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "laugh"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "obsolete past participle of laugh."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "laugh",
          "laugh#English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "obsolete",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "laughen"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Middle English class 6 strong verbs",
    "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
    "Middle English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
    "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "Middle English lemmas",
    "Middle English terms derived from Old English",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Middle English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Middle English verbs",
    "Middle English weak verbs",
    "enm:Emotions",
    "enm:Laughter"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "laughter"
    },
    {
      "word": "lawghynge"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "laugh"
          },
          "expansion": "English: laugh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: laugh"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "lauch"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: lauch",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: lauch"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "yol",
            "2": "leeigh",
            "alts": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Yola: leeigh, leigh",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Yola: leeigh, leigh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "hlæhhan"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English hlæhhan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "hlehhan"
      },
      "expansion": "hlehhan",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "hliehhan"
      },
      "expansion": "hliehhan",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*hlahhjan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hlahhjan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*hlahjaną"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hlahjaną",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old English hlæhhan, alternative form of hlehhan, hliehhan, from Proto-West Germanic *hlahhjan, from Proto-Germanic *hlahjaną.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong weak",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "enm-conj-st",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "6 or weak in -ed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "to laughen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lough",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "low",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lowe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lough",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "low",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughedest",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laugheth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lough",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "low",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lowe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lowen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lowe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laugheden",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laugheth",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughynge",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughende",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughen",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughe",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "laughed",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "verb"
      },
      "expansion": "laughen",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "laugh",
        "2": "lough",
        "2a": "low",
        "3": "low",
        "4": "laugh",
        "c": "6",
        "w": "ed",
        "y": "0"
      },
      "name": "enm-conj-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Middle English",
  "lang_code": "enm",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "But right away the worthy Knight started / when he saw that all the people laughed: / \"No more of this, because that's enough!",
          "ref": "a. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Knight's Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, lines 961–963",
          "text": "But right anon the worthy Knyght bigan / whan that he saugh that al the peple lough: / \"Namoore of this, for it is right ynough!",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To laugh; to break out in laughter or laughing."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "laugh",
          "laugh"
        ],
        [
          "laughter",
          "laughter"
        ],
        [
          "laughing",
          "laughing"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "And Venus laughs about every person / As January has become her knight",
          "ref": "a. 1400, Geoffrey Chaucer, “The Merchant's Tale”, in The Canterbury Tales, lines 1723–1724",
          "text": "And Venus laugheth upon every wight / For Januarie was bicome hir knyght",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To express glee or joyfulness; to show happiness."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "glee",
          "glee"
        ],
        [
          "joyfulness",
          "joyfulness"
        ],
        [
          "happiness",
          "happiness"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "To reminisce about; to remember with affection."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(usually with a preposition) To reminisce about; to remember with affection."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with a preposition"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "To laugh about an incident or thing."
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare) To laugh about an incident or thing."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlaxən/",
      "tags": [
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlɛxən/",
      "tags": [
        "Early-Middle-English"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlau̯xən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈlɛi̯xən/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈliːxən/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "laughe"
    },
    {
      "word": "laghe"
    },
    {
      "word": "laghen"
    },
    {
      "word": "lawen"
    },
    {
      "word": "leigh"
    },
    {
      "word": "leygh"
    },
    {
      "word": "leiȝe"
    },
    {
      "word": "leyȝe"
    },
    {
      "word": "lauȝe"
    },
    {
      "word": "lauȝhe"
    },
    {
      "word": "lawȝe"
    },
    {
      "word": "lyȝhe"
    },
    {
      "word": "lauȝen"
    },
    {
      "word": "lauȝwhen"
    },
    {
      "word": "leighȝen"
    },
    {
      "word": "lawhyn"
    },
    {
      "sense": "early",
      "word": "lahhȝhenn"
    },
    {
      "word": "lihȝen"
    },
    {
      "word": "lehȝen"
    },
    {
      "word": "lahhen"
    },
    {
      "word": "lauhwen"
    }
  ],
  "word": "laughen"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.