See lauf on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for lauf meaning in All languages combined (14.1kB)
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "lauf",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 20 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "laufen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"singular imperative of laufen"
],
"id": "en-lauf-de-verb-Uo7fMsGQ",
"links": [
[
"laufen",
"laufen#German"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 20 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "laufen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of laufen:\n## first-person singular present\n## first-person singular subjunctive",
"inflection of laufen"
],
"id": "en-lauf-de-verb-cRvorswE",
"links": [
[
"laufen",
"laufen#German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) inflection of laufen:\n"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"form-of"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 20 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of laufen:\n## first-person singular present\n## first-person singular subjunctive",
"first-person singular present"
],
"id": "en-lauf-de-verb-QXvDZlNF",
"links": [
[
"laufen",
"laufen#German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) inflection of laufen:\n"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "14 20 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "German entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of laufen:\n## first-person singular present\n## first-person singular subjunctive",
"first-person singular subjunctive"
],
"id": "en-lauf-de-verb-4nysEeYR",
"links": [
[
"laufen",
"laufen#German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) inflection of laufen:\n"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"first-person",
"form-of",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "De-lauf.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/01/De-lauf.ogg/De-lauf.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/De-lauf.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "lauf"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "romanization",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "lauf",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lauf",
"name": "got-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gothic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Gothic romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆"
],
"id": "en-lauf-got-romanization-FyeuQ6Gb",
"links": [
[
"𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆",
"𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆#Gothic"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "lauf"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "laufblað"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "lauftré"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "lauf"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse lauf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*laubą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *laubą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewp-",
"4": "",
"5": "peel, break off"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lewp- (“peel, break off”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse lauf, from Proto-Germanic *laubą, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *lewp- (“peel, break off”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "laufs",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lauf",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-decl-noun-n-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lauf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufið",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lauf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lauf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufið",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lauf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufsins",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"10": "",
"11": "nominative plural",
"12": "lauf",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "laufs",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "lauf n (genitive singular laufs, nominative plural lauf)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "laufs",
"3": "lauf"
},
"expansion": "lauf n (genitive singular laufs, nominative plural lauf)",
"name": "is-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "l",
"2": "au",
"3": "f"
},
"name": "is-decl-noun-n-s"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n-s",
"accp": "lauf",
"accpd": "laufin",
"accs": "lauf",
"accsd": "laufið",
"datp": "laufum",
"datpd": "laufunum",
"dats": "laufi",
"datsd": "laufinu",
"def": "{{{def}}}",
"genp": "laufa",
"genpd": "laufanna",
"gens": "laufs",
"gensd": "laufsins",
"indef": "{{{indef}}}",
"nomp": "lauf",
"nompd": "laufin",
"noms": "lauf",
"nomsd": "laufið",
"pl": "{{{pl}}}",
"sg": "{{{sg}}}"
},
"name": "is-decl-noun-base"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n-s",
"accp": "lauf",
"accpd": "laufin",
"accs": "lauf",
"accsd": "laufið",
"datp": "laufum",
"datpd": "laufunum",
"dats": "laufi",
"datsd": "laufinu",
"genp": "laufa",
"genpd": "laufanna",
"gens": "laufs",
"gensd": "laufsins",
"nomp": "lauf",
"nompd": "laufin",
"noms": "lauf",
"nomsd": "laufið"
},
"name": "is-decl-noun-base/sgpl"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"leaf"
],
"id": "en-lauf-is-noun-n5EWH0ND",
"links": [
[
"leaf",
"leaf"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "leaf",
"word": "laufblað"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"sense": "leaf",
"word": "blað"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "is",
"name": "Card games",
"orig": "is:Card games",
"parents": [
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 96",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"club, clubs (♣)"
],
"id": "en-lauf-is-noun-5gXQpXO9",
"links": [
[
"card game",
"card game"
],
[
"club",
"club"
],
[
"clubs",
"clubs"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(card games) club, clubs (♣)"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"card-games",
"games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/løyːv/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-øyːv"
}
],
"word": "lauf"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "lauf"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: lauf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: lauf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "leyv"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: leyv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: leyv"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "lauv"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: lauv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: lauv"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "lauv",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: lauv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: lauv"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "lov"
},
"expansion": "Elfdalian: lov",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Elfdalian: lov"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "lø̄f"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: lø̄f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: lø̄f"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "löv"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: löv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: löv"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "løv"
},
"expansion": "Danish: løv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: løv"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "løv"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: løv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: løv"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-gut",
"2": "lau",
"3": "laug",
"4": "lavv"
},
"expansion": "Gutnish: lau, laug, lavv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gutnish: lau, laug, lavv"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewbʰ-",
"id": "cut off"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*laubą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *laubą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewp-",
"4": "",
"5": "peel, break off"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lewp- (“peel, break off”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "lēaf"
},
"expansion": "Old English lēaf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "lōf"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon lōf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "loup"
},
"expansion": "Old High German loup",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆𐍃 (laufs)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *laubą, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *lewp- (“peel, break off”). Cognate with Old English lēaf, Old Saxon lōf, Old High German loup, Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆𐍃 (laufs).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "lauf n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "lauf n",
"name": "non-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"leaf"
],
"id": "en-lauf-non-noun-n5EWH0ND",
"links": [
[
"leaf",
"leaf"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "lauf"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "de",
"3": "Lauf"
},
"expansion": "German Lauf",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From German Lauf.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "làuf",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "ла̀уф",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sh-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lauf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufova",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lauf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufove",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "laufi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "laufovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "laufu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "làuf"
},
"expansion": "làuf m (Cyrillic spelling ла̀уф)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"la‧uf"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lauf",
"10": "laufi / laufovi",
"11": "laufu",
"12": "laufima / laufovima",
"13": "laufom",
"14": "laufima / laufovima",
"2": "laufi / laufovi",
"3": "laufa",
"4": "laufa / laufova",
"5": "laufu",
"6": "laufima / laufovima",
"7": "lauf",
"8": "laufe / laufove",
"9": "laufe"
},
"name": "sh-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Regional Serbo-Croatian",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sport's ride, run (especially in skiing)"
],
"id": "en-lauf-sh-noun-CKZN0hrF",
"links": [
[
"regional",
"regional#English"
],
[
"sport",
"sport"
],
[
"ride",
"ride"
],
[
"run",
"run"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(regional, northern Croatia) sport's ride, run (especially in skiing)"
],
"tags": [
"Croatia",
"Northern",
"regional"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lǎuf/"
}
],
"word": "lauf"
}
{
"categories": [
"German entries with incorrect language header",
"German non-lemma forms",
"German terms with audio links",
"German verb forms"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "lauf",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "laufen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"singular imperative of laufen"
],
"links": [
[
"laufen",
"laufen#German"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German colloquialisms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "laufen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of laufen:\n## first-person singular present\n## first-person singular subjunctive",
"inflection of laufen"
],
"links": [
[
"laufen",
"laufen#German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) inflection of laufen:\n"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"form-of"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German colloquialisms"
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of laufen:\n## first-person singular present\n## first-person singular subjunctive",
"first-person singular present"
],
"links": [
[
"laufen",
"laufen#German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) inflection of laufen:\n"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"first-person",
"form-of",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"German colloquialisms"
],
"glosses": [
"inflection of laufen:\n## first-person singular present\n## first-person singular subjunctive",
"first-person singular subjunctive"
],
"links": [
[
"laufen",
"laufen#German"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) inflection of laufen:\n"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"first-person",
"form-of",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "De-lauf.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/01/De-lauf.ogg/De-lauf.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/01/De-lauf.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "lauf"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "romanization",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "lauf",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "lauf",
"name": "got-rom"
}
],
"lang": "Gothic",
"lang_code": "got",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆"
}
],
"categories": [
"Gothic entries with incorrect language header",
"Gothic non-lemma forms",
"Gothic romanizations"
],
"glosses": [
"Romanization of 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆"
],
"links": [
[
"𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆",
"𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆#Gothic"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "lauf"
}
{
"categories": [
"Icelandic 1-syllable words",
"Icelandic countable nouns",
"Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
"Icelandic lemmas",
"Icelandic neuter nouns",
"Icelandic nouns",
"Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse",
"Icelandic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːv",
"Rhymes:Icelandic/øyːv/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "laufblað"
},
{
"word": "lauftré"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "non",
"3": "lauf"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse lauf",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*laubą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *laubą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewp-",
"4": "",
"5": "peel, break off"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lewp- (“peel, break off”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Norse lauf, from Proto-Germanic *laubą, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *lewp- (“peel, break off”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "laufs",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lauf",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "is-decl-noun-n-s",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lauf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufið",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lauf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lauf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufið",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lauf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufinu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufunum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufsins",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufanna",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"10": "",
"11": "nominative plural",
"12": "lauf",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "nouns",
"3": "genitive singular",
"4": "laufs",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "lauf n (genitive singular laufs, nominative plural lauf)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "laufs",
"3": "lauf"
},
"expansion": "lauf n (genitive singular laufs, nominative plural lauf)",
"name": "is-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "l",
"2": "au",
"3": "f"
},
"name": "is-decl-noun-n-s"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n-s",
"accp": "lauf",
"accpd": "laufin",
"accs": "lauf",
"accsd": "laufið",
"datp": "laufum",
"datpd": "laufunum",
"dats": "laufi",
"datsd": "laufinu",
"def": "{{{def}}}",
"genp": "laufa",
"genpd": "laufanna",
"gens": "laufs",
"gensd": "laufsins",
"indef": "{{{indef}}}",
"nomp": "lauf",
"nompd": "laufin",
"noms": "lauf",
"nomsd": "laufið",
"pl": "{{{pl}}}",
"sg": "{{{sg}}}"
},
"name": "is-decl-noun-base"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n-s",
"accp": "lauf",
"accpd": "laufin",
"accs": "lauf",
"accsd": "laufið",
"datp": "laufum",
"datpd": "laufunum",
"dats": "laufi",
"datsd": "laufinu",
"genp": "laufa",
"genpd": "laufanna",
"gens": "laufs",
"gensd": "laufsins",
"nomp": "lauf",
"nompd": "laufin",
"noms": "lauf",
"nomsd": "laufið"
},
"name": "is-decl-noun-base/sgpl"
}
],
"lang": "Icelandic",
"lang_code": "is",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"leaf"
],
"links": [
[
"leaf",
"leaf"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"is:Card games"
],
"glosses": [
"club, clubs (♣)"
],
"links": [
[
"card game",
"card game"
],
[
"club",
"club"
],
[
"clubs",
"clubs"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(card games) club, clubs (♣)"
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"topics": [
"card-games",
"games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/løyːv/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-øyːv"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "leaf",
"word": "laufblað"
},
{
"sense": "leaf",
"word": "blað"
}
],
"word": "lauf"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "lauf"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: lauf",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: lauf"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "leyv"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: leyv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: leyv"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "lauv"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: lauv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: lauv"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "lauv",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: lauv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian Bokmål: lauv"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ovd",
"2": "lov"
},
"expansion": "Elfdalian: lov",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Elfdalian: lov"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "lø̄f"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: lø̄f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: lø̄f"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "löv"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: löv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: löv"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "løv"
},
"expansion": "Danish: løv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: løv"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "løv"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: løv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: løv"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-gut",
"2": "lau",
"3": "laug",
"4": "lavv"
},
"expansion": "Gutnish: lau, laug, lavv",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gutnish: lau, laug, lavv"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewbʰ-",
"id": "cut off"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*laubą"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *laubą",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*lewp-",
"4": "",
"5": "peel, break off"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *lewp- (“peel, break off”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "lēaf"
},
"expansion": "Old English lēaf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "lōf"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon lōf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "loup"
},
"expansion": "Old High German loup",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆𐍃 (laufs)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Germanic *laubą, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *lewp- (“peel, break off”). Cognate with Old English lēaf, Old Saxon lōf, Old High German loup, Gothic 𐌻𐌰𐌿𐍆𐍃 (laufs).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "nouns",
"g": "n",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "lauf n",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "n"
},
"expansion": "lauf n",
"name": "non-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Norse",
"lang_code": "non",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Norse entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Norse lemmas",
"Old Norse neuter nouns",
"Old Norse nouns",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Norse terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *lewbʰ- (cut off)",
"Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic"
],
"glosses": [
"leaf"
],
"links": [
[
"leaf",
"leaf"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "lauf"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "de",
"3": "Lauf"
},
"expansion": "German Lauf",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From German Lauf.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "làuf",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "ла̀уф",
"tags": [
"Cyrillic"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sh-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lauf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufova",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lauf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufove",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "laufi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "laufovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "laufu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufovima",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"head": "làuf"
},
"expansion": "làuf m (Cyrillic spelling ла̀уф)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"la‧uf"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lauf",
"10": "laufi / laufovi",
"11": "laufu",
"12": "laufima / laufovima",
"13": "laufom",
"14": "laufima / laufovima",
"2": "laufi / laufovi",
"3": "laufa",
"4": "laufa / laufova",
"5": "laufu",
"6": "laufima / laufovima",
"7": "lauf",
"8": "laufe / laufove",
"9": "laufe"
},
"name": "sh-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Regional Serbo-Croatian",
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from German",
"Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"sport's ride, run (especially in skiing)"
],
"links": [
[
"regional",
"regional#English"
],
[
"sport",
"sport"
],
[
"ride",
"ride"
],
[
"run",
"run"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(regional, northern Croatia) sport's ride, run (especially in skiing)"
],
"tags": [
"Croatia",
"Northern",
"regional"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lǎuf/"
}
],
"word": "lauf"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Icelandic]; cleaned text: n-s",
"path": [
"lauf"
],
"section": "Icelandic",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "lauf",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.