"karm" meaning in All languages combined

See karm on Wiktionary

Adjective [Estonian]

Etymology: A native word, ultimately from Proto-Uralic. Cognate to Finnish karmea (“scary, bitter”) and Northern Sami guormes (“thick (flour), rough (skin)”). Etymology templates: {{der|et|urj-pro|-}} Proto-Uralic, {{cog|fi|karmea||scary, bitter}} Finnish karmea (“scary, bitter”), {{cog|se|guormes||thick (flour), rough (skin)}} Northern Sami guormes (“thick (flour), rough (skin)”) Head templates: {{head|et|adjectives|genitive|karmi|||partitive|karmi|||comparative|karmim|superlative|kõige karmim||||||cat2=|cat3=|f1accel-form=gen|s|f1request=1|f2accel-form=gen|s|f3accel-form=par|s|f3request=1|f4accel-form=par|s|f5accel-form=comparative|f6accel-form=superlative|f6nolink=1|head=}} karm (genitive karmi, partitive karmi, comparative karmim, superlative kõige karmim), {{et-adj|karmi|karmi}} karm (genitive karmi, partitive karmi, comparative karmim, superlative kõige karmim) Inflection templates: {{et-decl-riik|kar|m|m|i}} Forms: karmi [genitive], karmi [partitive], karmim [comparative], kõige karmim [superlative], no-table-tags [table-tags], karm [nominative, singular], karmid [nominative, plural], karm [accusative, nominative, singular], karmid [accusative, nominative, plural], karmi [accusative, genitive, singular], karmid [accusative, genitive, plural], karmi [genitive, singular], karmide [genitive, plural], karmi [partitive, singular], karme [partitive, plural], karmisid [partitive, plural], karmi [illative, singular], karmisse [illative, singular], karmidesse [illative, plural], karmesse [illative, plural], karmis [inessive, singular], karmides [inessive, plural], karmes [inessive, plural], karmist [elative, singular], karmidest [elative, plural], karmest [elative, plural], karmile [allative, singular], karmidele [allative, plural], karmele [allative, plural], karmil [adessive, singular], karmidel [adessive, plural], karmel [adessive, plural], karmilt [ablative, singular], karmidelt [ablative, plural], karmelt [ablative, plural], karmiks [singular, translative], karmideks [plural, translative], karmeks [plural, translative], karmini [singular, terminative], karmideni [plural, terminative], karmina [essive, singular], karmidena [essive, plural], karmita [abessive, singular], karmideta [abessive, plural], karmiga [comitative, singular], karmidega [comitative, plural]
  1. harsh, severe, cruel Categories (topical): Combustion
    Sense id: en-karm-et-adj-WH5aAJ3C Disambiguation of Combustion: 46 54 Categories (other): Estonian entries with incorrect language header, Estonian riik-type nominals, Pages with 6 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Estonian entries with incorrect language header: 82 18 Disambiguation of Estonian riik-type nominals: 86 14 Disambiguation of Pages with 6 entries: 32 15 24 18 11 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 32 15 24 18 11

Noun [Estonian]

Etymology: A native word, ultimately from Proto-Uralic. Cognate to Finnish karmea (“scary, bitter”) and Northern Sami guormes (“thick (flour), rough (skin)”). Etymology templates: {{der|et|urj-pro|-}} Proto-Uralic, {{cog|fi|karmea||scary, bitter}} Finnish karmea (“scary, bitter”), {{cog|se|guormes||thick (flour), rough (skin)}} Northern Sami guormes (“thick (flour), rough (skin)”) Head templates: {{head|et|nouns|genitive|karmu|||partitive|karmu|||cat2=|f1accel-form=gen|s|f1request=1|f2accel-form=gen|s|f3accel-form=par|s|f3request=1|f4accel-form=par|s|head=}} karm (genitive karmu, partitive karmu), {{et-noun|karmu|karmu}} karm (genitive karmu, partitive karmu) Inflection templates: {{et-decl-riik|kar|m|m|u}} Forms: karmu [genitive], karmu [partitive], no-table-tags [table-tags], karm [nominative, singular], karmud [nominative, plural], karm [accusative, nominative, singular], karmud [accusative, nominative, plural], karmu [accusative, genitive, singular], karmud [accusative, genitive, plural], karmu [genitive, singular], karmude [genitive, plural], karmu [partitive, singular], karme [partitive, plural], karmusid [partitive, plural], karmu [illative, singular], karmusse [illative, singular], karmudesse [illative, plural], karmesse [illative, plural], karmus [inessive, singular], karmudes [inessive, plural], karmes [inessive, plural], karmust [elative, singular], karmudest [elative, plural], karmest [elative, plural], karmule [allative, singular], karmudele [allative, plural], karmele [allative, plural], karmul [adessive, singular], karmudel [adessive, plural], karmel [adessive, plural], karmult [ablative, singular], karmudelt [ablative, plural], karmelt [ablative, plural], karmuks [singular, translative], karmudeks [plural, translative], karmeks [plural, translative], karmuni [singular, terminative], karmudeni [plural, terminative], karmuna [essive, singular], karmudena [essive, plural], karmuta [abessive, singular], karmudeta [abessive, plural], karmuga [comitative, singular], karmudega [comitative, plural]
  1. smoke, fumes Categories (topical): Combustion
    Sense id: en-karm-et-noun-GMVWrem1 Disambiguation of Combustion: 46 54

Noun [Icelandic]

Head templates: {{head|is|noun form}} karm
  1. indefinite accusative singular of karmur Tags: accusative, form-of, indefinite, singular Form of: karmur
    Sense id: en-karm-is-noun-RGkBqteD Categories (other): Icelandic entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 6 entries, Pages with entries

Noun [Norwegian Bokmål]

Forms: karmen [definite, singular], karmer [indefinite, plural], karmene [definite, plural]
Etymology: From Old Norse karmr. Etymology templates: {{inh|nb|non|karmr}} Old Norse karmr
  1. a frame (for a door or window) Wikipedia link: no:karm Tags: masculine Derived forms: dørkarm, vinduskarm

Noun [Norwegian Nynorsk]

Forms: karmen [definite, singular], karmar [indefinite, plural], karmane [definite, plural]
Etymology: From Old Norse karmr. Etymology templates: {{inh|nn|non|karmr}} Old Norse karmr
  1. a frame (for a door or window) Tags: masculine Derived forms: dørkarm, vindaugskarm

Noun [Polish]

IPA: /karm/
Rhymes: -arm Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъrmъ. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|pl|sla-pro|*kъrmъ|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Proto-Slavic *kъrmъ, {{inh+|pl|sla-pro|*kъrmъ}} Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъrmъ Head templates: {{pl-noun|m-in}} karm m inan Inflection templates: {{pl-decl-noun-m-in}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], karm [nominative, singular], karmy [nominative, plural], karmu [genitive, singular], karmów [genitive, plural], karmowi [dative, singular], karmom [dative, plural], karm [accusative, singular], karmy [accusative, plural], karmem [instrumental, singular], karmami [instrumental, plural], karmie [locative, singular], karmach [locative, plural], karmie [singular, vocative], karmy [plural, vocative]
  1. food, fodder Tags: inanimate, masculine Categories (topical): Animal foods Synonyms: karma, pokarm, wikt
    Sense id: en-karm-pl-noun-ken~cr-9 Disambiguation of Animal foods: 78 10 12 Categories (other): Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 36 30 34
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun [Polish]

IPA: /karm/
Rhymes: -arm Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Etymology templates: {{nonlemma}} See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Head templates: {{head|pl|noun form|g=f}} karm f
  1. genitive plural of karma Tags: feminine, form-of, genitive, plural Form of: karma
    Sense id: en-karm-pl-noun-BtUUXk5T Categories (other): Polish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 36 30 34
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 3

Verb [Polish]

IPA: /karm/
Rhymes: -arm Etymology: See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Etymology templates: {{nonlemma}} See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. Head templates: {{head|pl|verb form}} karm
  1. second-person singular imperative of karmić Tags: form-of, imperative, second-person, singular Form of: karmić
    Sense id: en-karm-pl-verb-rS4p2STR Categories (other): Polish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 36 30 34
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Noun [Swedish]

Etymology: From Old Norse karmr, which is related to krókr (“hook”). Etymology templates: {{inh|sv|non|karmr}} Old Norse karmr Head templates: {{head|sv|nouns||g=c|g2=|head=|sort=}} karm c, {{sv-noun|c}} karm c Inflection templates: {{sv-infl-noun-c-ar}}, {{sv-decl-noun|karm|karmen|karmar|karmarna|karms|karmens|karmars|karmarnas|base=karm|definitions=|gender=Common}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], karm [indefinite, nominative, singular], karmen [definite, nominative, singular], karmar [indefinite, nominative, plural], karmarna [definite, nominative, plural], karms [genitive, indefinite, singular], karmens [definite, genitive, singular], karmars [genitive, indefinite, plural], karmarnas [definite, genitive, plural]
  1. a frame (for a door or window) Tags: common-gender Derived forms: dörrkarm, fönsterkarm
    Sense id: en-karm-sv-noun-WuUNpcua Categories (other): Pages with 6 entries, Pages with entries, Swedish entries with incorrect language header

Inflected forms

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "karmea",
        "3": "",
        "4": "scary, bitter"
      },
      "expansion": "Finnish karmea (“scary, bitter”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "se",
        "2": "guormes",
        "3": "",
        "4": "thick (flour), rough (skin)"
      },
      "expansion": "Northern Sami guormes (“thick (flour), rough (skin)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "A native word, ultimately from Proto-Uralic. Cognate to Finnish karmea (“scary, bitter”) and Northern Sami guormes (“thick (flour), rough (skin)”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "karmi",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmi",
      "tags": [
        "partitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmim",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kõige karmim",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "et-decl-riik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "length gradation",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "22e/riik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmide",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmisid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmisse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmidesse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmesse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmides",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmist",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmidest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmile",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmidele",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmele",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmil",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmidel",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmel",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmilt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmidelt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmelt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmiks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmideks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmeks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmini",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmideni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmina",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmidena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmita",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmideta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmiga",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmidega",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "10": "",
        "11": "comparative",
        "12": "karmim",
        "13": "superlative",
        "14": "kõige karmim",
        "15": "",
        "16": "",
        "17": "",
        "18": "",
        "19": "",
        "2": "adjectives",
        "3": "genitive",
        "4": "karmi",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "partitive",
        "8": "karmi",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "f1accel-form": "gen|s",
        "f1request": "1",
        "f2accel-form": "gen|s",
        "f3accel-form": "par|s",
        "f3request": "1",
        "f4accel-form": "par|s",
        "f5accel-form": "comparative",
        "f6accel-form": "superlative",
        "f6nolink": "1",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "karm (genitive karmi, partitive karmi, comparative karmim, superlative kõige karmim)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "karmi",
        "2": "karmi"
      },
      "expansion": "karm (genitive karmi, partitive karmi, comparative karmim, superlative kõige karmim)",
      "name": "et-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kar",
        "2": "m",
        "3": "m",
        "4": "i"
      },
      "name": "et-decl-riik"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Estonian",
  "lang_code": "et",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "82 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "86 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Estonian riik-type nominals",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 15 24 18 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 6 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "32 15 24 18 11",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "46 54",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "et",
          "name": "Combustion",
          "orig": "et:Combustion",
          "parents": [
            "Chemical processes",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "harsh, severe, cruel"
      ],
      "id": "en-karm-et-adj-WH5aAJ3C",
      "links": [
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ],
        [
          "severe",
          "severe"
        ],
        [
          "cruel",
          "cruel"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "karm"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "karmea",
        "3": "",
        "4": "scary, bitter"
      },
      "expansion": "Finnish karmea (“scary, bitter”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "se",
        "2": "guormes",
        "3": "",
        "4": "thick (flour), rough (skin)"
      },
      "expansion": "Northern Sami guormes (“thick (flour), rough (skin)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "A native word, ultimately from Proto-Uralic. Cognate to Finnish karmea (“scary, bitter”) and Northern Sami guormes (“thick (flour), rough (skin)”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "karmu",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmu",
      "tags": [
        "partitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "et-decl-riik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "length gradation",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "22e/riik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmud",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmud",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmud",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmude",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmusid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmusse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmudesse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmesse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmudes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmust",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmudest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmule",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmudele",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmele",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmul",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmudel",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmel",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmult",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmudelt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmelt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmuks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmudeks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmeks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmuni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmudeni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmuna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmudena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmuta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmudeta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmuga",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmudega",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "10": "",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "genitive",
        "4": "karmu",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "partitive",
        "8": "karmu",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "f1accel-form": "gen|s",
        "f1request": "1",
        "f2accel-form": "gen|s",
        "f3accel-form": "par|s",
        "f3request": "1",
        "f4accel-form": "par|s",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "karm (genitive karmu, partitive karmu)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "karmu",
        "2": "karmu"
      },
      "expansion": "karm (genitive karmu, partitive karmu)",
      "name": "et-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kar",
        "2": "m",
        "3": "m",
        "4": "u"
      },
      "name": "et-decl-riik"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Estonian",
  "lang_code": "et",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "46 54",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "et",
          "name": "Combustion",
          "orig": "et:Combustion",
          "parents": [
            "Chemical processes",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "smoke, fumes"
      ],
      "id": "en-karm-et-noun-GMVWrem1",
      "links": [
        [
          "smoke",
          "smoke"
        ],
        [
          "fume",
          "fume"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "karm"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "noun form"
      },
      "expansion": "karm",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Icelandic",
  "lang_code": "is",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 6 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "karmur"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "indefinite accusative singular of karmur"
      ],
      "id": "en-karm-is-noun-RGkBqteD",
      "links": [
        [
          "karmur",
          "karmur#Icelandic"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "form-of",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "karm"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nb",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "karmr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse karmr",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Norse karmr.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "karmen",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmer",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmene",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
  "lang_code": "nb",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 6 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "dørkarm"
        },
        {
          "word": "vinduskarm"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a frame (for a door or window)"
      ],
      "id": "en-karm-nb-noun-WuUNpcua",
      "links": [
        [
          "frame",
          "frame"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "no:karm"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "karm"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nn",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "karmr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse karmr",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Norse karmr.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "karmen",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmar",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmane",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
  "lang_code": "nn",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 6 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "dørkarm"
        },
        {
          "word": "vindaugskarm"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a frame (for a door or window)"
      ],
      "id": "en-karm-nn-noun-WuUNpcua",
      "links": [
        [
          "frame",
          "frame"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "karm"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*kъrmъ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kъrmъ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*kъrmъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъrmъ",
      "name": "inh+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъrmъ.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmów",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmowi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-in"
      },
      "expansion": "karm m inan",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "karm"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "36 30 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "78 10 12",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Animal foods",
          "orig": "pl:Animal foods",
          "parents": [
            "Food and drink",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "food, fodder"
      ],
      "id": "en-karm-pl-noun-ken~cr-9",
      "links": [
        [
          "food",
          "food"
        ],
        [
          "fodder",
          "fodder"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "karma"
        },
        {
          "word": "pokarm"
        },
        {
          "word": "wikt"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/karm/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-arm"
    }
  ],
  "word": "karm"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "karm",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "karm"
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "36 30 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "karmić"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "second-person singular imperative of karmić"
      ],
      "id": "en-karm-pl-verb-rS4p2STR",
      "links": [
        [
          "karmić",
          "karmić#Polish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/karm/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-arm"
    }
  ],
  "word": "karm"
}

{
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "noun form",
        "g": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "karm f",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "karm"
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "36 30 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "karma"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "genitive plural of karma"
      ],
      "id": "en-karm-pl-noun-BtUUXk5T",
      "links": [
        [
          "karma",
          "karma#Polish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/karm/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-arm"
    }
  ],
  "word": "karm"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "karmr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse karmr",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Norse karmr, which is related to krókr (“hook”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sv-infl-noun-c-ar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmarna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karms",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmens",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmars",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmarnas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "",
        "g": "c",
        "g2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "karm c",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "c"
      },
      "expansion": "karm c",
      "name": "sv-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sv-infl-noun-c-ar"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "karm",
        "2": "karmen",
        "3": "karmar",
        "4": "karmarna",
        "5": "karms",
        "6": "karmens",
        "7": "karmars",
        "8": "karmarnas",
        "base": "karm",
        "definitions": "",
        "gender": "Common"
      },
      "name": "sv-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Swedish",
  "lang_code": "sv",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 6 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "dörrkarm"
        },
        {
          "word": "fönsterkarm"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a frame (for a door or window)"
      ],
      "id": "en-karm-sv-noun-WuUNpcua",
      "links": [
        [
          "frame",
          "frame"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "karm"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Estonian adjectives",
    "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Estonian lemmas",
    "Estonian nouns",
    "Estonian riik-type nominals",
    "Estonian terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "et:Combustion"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "karmea",
        "3": "",
        "4": "scary, bitter"
      },
      "expansion": "Finnish karmea (“scary, bitter”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "se",
        "2": "guormes",
        "3": "",
        "4": "thick (flour), rough (skin)"
      },
      "expansion": "Northern Sami guormes (“thick (flour), rough (skin)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "A native word, ultimately from Proto-Uralic. Cognate to Finnish karmea (“scary, bitter”) and Northern Sami guormes (“thick (flour), rough (skin)”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "karmi",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmi",
      "tags": [
        "partitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmim",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kõige karmim",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "et-decl-riik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "length gradation",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "22e/riik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmide",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmisid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmisse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmidesse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmesse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmides",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmist",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmidest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmile",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmidele",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmele",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmil",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmidel",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmel",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmilt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmidelt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmelt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmiks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmideks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmeks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmini",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmideni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmina",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmidena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmita",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmideta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmiga",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmidega",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "10": "",
        "11": "comparative",
        "12": "karmim",
        "13": "superlative",
        "14": "kõige karmim",
        "15": "",
        "16": "",
        "17": "",
        "18": "",
        "19": "",
        "2": "adjectives",
        "3": "genitive",
        "4": "karmi",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "partitive",
        "8": "karmi",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "f1accel-form": "gen|s",
        "f1request": "1",
        "f2accel-form": "gen|s",
        "f3accel-form": "par|s",
        "f3request": "1",
        "f4accel-form": "par|s",
        "f5accel-form": "comparative",
        "f6accel-form": "superlative",
        "f6nolink": "1",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "karm (genitive karmi, partitive karmi, comparative karmim, superlative kõige karmim)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "karmi",
        "2": "karmi"
      },
      "expansion": "karm (genitive karmi, partitive karmi, comparative karmim, superlative kõige karmim)",
      "name": "et-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kar",
        "2": "m",
        "3": "m",
        "4": "i"
      },
      "name": "et-decl-riik"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Estonian",
  "lang_code": "et",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "harsh, severe, cruel"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ],
        [
          "severe",
          "severe"
        ],
        [
          "cruel",
          "cruel"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "karm"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Estonian adjectives",
    "Estonian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Estonian lemmas",
    "Estonian nouns",
    "Estonian riik-type nominals",
    "Estonian terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "et:Combustion"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "fi",
        "2": "karmea",
        "3": "",
        "4": "scary, bitter"
      },
      "expansion": "Finnish karmea (“scary, bitter”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "se",
        "2": "guormes",
        "3": "",
        "4": "thick (flour), rough (skin)"
      },
      "expansion": "Northern Sami guormes (“thick (flour), rough (skin)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "A native word, ultimately from Proto-Uralic. Cognate to Finnish karmea (“scary, bitter”) and Northern Sami guormes (“thick (flour), rough (skin)”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "karmu",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmu",
      "tags": [
        "partitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "et-decl-riik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "length gradation",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "22e/riik",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmud",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmud",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmud",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmude",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karme",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmusid",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmusse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmudesse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmesse",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmudes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmes",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmust",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmudest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmest",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmule",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmudele",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmele",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmul",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmudel",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmel",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmult",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmudelt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmelt",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmuks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmudeks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmeks",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmuni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmudeni",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "terminative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmuna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmudena",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmuta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmudeta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmuga",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmudega",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "et",
        "10": "",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "genitive",
        "4": "karmu",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "partitive",
        "8": "karmu",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "f1accel-form": "gen|s",
        "f1request": "1",
        "f2accel-form": "gen|s",
        "f3accel-form": "par|s",
        "f3request": "1",
        "f4accel-form": "par|s",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "karm (genitive karmu, partitive karmu)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "karmu",
        "2": "karmu"
      },
      "expansion": "karm (genitive karmu, partitive karmu)",
      "name": "et-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kar",
        "2": "m",
        "3": "m",
        "4": "u"
      },
      "name": "et-decl-riik"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Estonian",
  "lang_code": "et",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "smoke, fumes"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "smoke",
          "smoke"
        ],
        [
          "fume",
          "fume"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "karm"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "noun form"
      },
      "expansion": "karm",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Icelandic",
  "lang_code": "is",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Icelandic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Icelandic non-lemma forms",
        "Icelandic noun forms",
        "Pages with 6 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "karmur"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "indefinite accusative singular of karmur"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "karmur",
          "karmur#Icelandic"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "form-of",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "karm"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "dørkarm"
    },
    {
      "word": "vinduskarm"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nb",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "karmr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse karmr",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Norse karmr.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "karmen",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmer",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmene",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
  "lang_code": "nb",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Norwegian Bokmål entries with incorrect language header",
        "Norwegian Bokmål lemmas",
        "Norwegian Bokmål masculine nouns",
        "Norwegian Bokmål nouns",
        "Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Old Norse",
        "Norwegian Bokmål terms inherited from Old Norse",
        "Pages with 6 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a frame (for a door or window)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "frame",
          "frame"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "no:karm"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "karm"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "dørkarm"
    },
    {
      "word": "vindaugskarm"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nn",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "karmr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse karmr",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Norse karmr.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "karmen",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmar",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmane",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
  "lang_code": "nn",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Norwegian Nynorsk entries with incorrect language header",
        "Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas",
        "Norwegian Nynorsk masculine nouns",
        "Norwegian Nynorsk nouns",
        "Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Old Norse",
        "Norwegian Nynorsk terms inherited from Old Norse",
        "Pages with 6 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a frame (for a door or window)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "frame",
          "frame"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "karm"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Polish 1-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish inanimate nouns",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish links with manual fragments",
    "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Polish masculine nouns",
    "Polish non-lemma forms",
    "Polish noun forms",
    "Polish nouns",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Rhymes:Polish/arm",
    "Rhymes:Polish/arm/1 syllable",
    "pl:Animal foods"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*kъrmъ",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *kъrmъ",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*kъrmъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъrmъ",
      "name": "inh+"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъrmъ.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmów",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmowi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmy",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m-in"
      },
      "expansion": "karm m inan",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "karm"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "food, fodder"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "food",
          "food"
        ],
        [
          "fodder",
          "fodder"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "karma"
        },
        {
          "word": "pokarm"
        },
        {
          "word": "wikt"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/karm/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-arm"
    }
  ],
  "word": "karm"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Polish 1-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish non-lemma forms",
    "Polish noun forms",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish verb forms",
    "Rhymes:Polish/arm",
    "Rhymes:Polish/arm/1 syllable",
    "pl:Animal foods"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "karm",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "karm"
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "karmić"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "second-person singular imperative of karmić"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "karmić",
          "karmić#Polish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/karm/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-arm"
    }
  ],
  "word": "karm"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 6 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Polish 1-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish non-lemma forms",
    "Polish noun forms",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Rhymes:Polish/arm",
    "Rhymes:Polish/arm/1 syllable",
    "pl:Animal foods"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 3,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "noun form",
        "g": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "karm f",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "karm"
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "karma"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "genitive plural of karma"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "karma",
          "karma#Polish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "form-of",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/karm/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-arm"
    }
  ],
  "word": "karm"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "dörrkarm"
    },
    {
      "word": "fönsterkarm"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "non",
        "3": "karmr"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Norse karmr",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Old Norse karmr, which is related to krókr (“hook”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sv-infl-noun-c-ar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karm",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmen",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "indefinite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmarna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karms",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmens",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmars",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "indefinite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "karmarnas",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "definite",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "nouns",
        "3": "",
        "g": "c",
        "g2": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "karm c",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "c"
      },
      "expansion": "karm c",
      "name": "sv-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sv-infl-noun-c-ar"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "karm",
        "2": "karmen",
        "3": "karmar",
        "4": "karmarna",
        "5": "karms",
        "6": "karmens",
        "7": "karmars",
        "8": "karmarnas",
        "base": "karm",
        "definitions": "",
        "gender": "Common"
      },
      "name": "sv-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Swedish",
  "lang_code": "sv",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 6 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Swedish common-gender nouns",
        "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
        "Swedish lemmas",
        "Swedish nouns",
        "Swedish terms derived from Old Norse",
        "Swedish terms inherited from Old Norse"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a frame (for a door or window)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "frame",
          "frame"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "karm"
}

Download raw JSONL data for karm meaning in All languages combined (19.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.