See jostle on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for jostle meaning in All languages combined (20.3kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "justle",
"3": "",
"4": "to have sex with"
},
"expansion": "justle (“to have sex with”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "jousten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English jousten",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "joster",
"4": "",
"5": "to joust"
},
"expansion": "Old French joster (“to joust”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "iuxtā",
"t": "next to"
},
"expansion": "Latin iuxtā (“next to”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "iungō",
"t": "join, connect"
},
"expansion": "iungō (“join, connect”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "joust",
"3": "le",
"id2": "verbal frequentative"
},
"expansion": "joust + -le",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Originally justle (“to have sex with”), formed from Middle English jousten, from the Old French joster (“to joust”), from Latin iuxtā (“next to”), from iungō (“join, connect”), equivalent to joust + -le.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jostles",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "jostled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "jostled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "jostle (third-person singular simple present jostles, present participle jostling, simple past and past participle jostled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "justle"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "joust"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 33 35 2 26 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 25 25 5 30 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -le (verbal frequentative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To bump into or brush against while in motion; to push aside."
],
"id": "en-jostle-en-verb-e1PBJL4X",
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"bump",
"bump"
],
[
"brush",
"brush"
],
[
"aside",
"aside"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To bump into or brush against while in motion; to push aside."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "butam",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "бутам"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "blǎskam",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "блъскам"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "empentar"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "empentejar"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "擠"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jǐ",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "挤"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tuīsǎng",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "推搡"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "strkat"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "omverduwen"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "bruuskeren"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "törmätä"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "bousculer"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "daǯaxeba",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "დაჯახება"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "šeǯaxeba",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "შეჯახება"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "drängeln"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"alt": "おしあう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "oshiau",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "押し合う"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "tutetute"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "ātute"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "taututetute"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"tags": [
"Jersey"
],
"word": "bostchuler"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "butassar"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trącać"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "trącić"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "esbarrar"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pixátʹsja",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "пиха́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tolkátʹsja",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "толка́ться"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "put"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "knuffa"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "itelemek"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "štovxatysja",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "штовхатися"
},
{
"_dis1": "84 8 1 6 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zištovxuvatysja",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "зіштовхуватися"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 33 35 2 26 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 25 25 5 30 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -le (verbal frequentative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1920, F. Scott Fitzgerald, This Side of Paradise, Book One, Chapter 3",
"text": "Axia and Amory, acquaintances of an hour, jostled behind a waiter to a table at a point of vantage; there they took seats and watched.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To move through by pushing and shoving."
],
"id": "en-jostle-en-verb-9Bz-wzLQ",
"links": [
[
"pushing and shoving",
"pushing and shoving"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To move through by pushing and shoving."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "10 82 0 6 1",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "probivam si pǎt",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "пробивам си път"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 82 0 6 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "tlačit se"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 82 0 6 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "verdringen"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 82 0 6 1",
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "drummen"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 82 0 6 1",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "tunkea"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 82 0 6 1",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "se bousculer"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 82 0 6 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "xelis ḳvra",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "ხელის კვრა"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 82 0 6 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "biʒgeba",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "ბიძგება"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 82 0 6 1",
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gaʒroma",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "გაძრომა"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 82 0 6 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "drängeln"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 82 0 6 1",
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "tuppia"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 82 0 6 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "spingere"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 82 0 6 1",
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "farsi largo"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 82 0 6 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "rozpychać się"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 82 0 6 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "rozepchać się"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 82 0 6 1",
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "rozepchnąć się"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 82 0 6 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "propíxivatʹsja",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "пропи́хиваться"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 82 0 6 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "protálkivatʹsja",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "прота́лкиваться"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 82 0 6 1",
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "uillnich"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 82 0 6 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "codear"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 82 0 6 1",
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "empujar"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 82 0 6 1",
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "itelemek"
},
{
"_dis1": "10 82 0 6 1",
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "proštovxuvatysja",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "проштовхуватися"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To be close to or in physical contact with."
],
"id": "en-jostle-en-verb-C2hE6XyL",
"links": [
[
"close",
"close"
],
[
"physical",
"physical"
],
[
"contact",
"contact"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To be close to or in physical contact with."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "2 0 94 3 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "be close to or in physical contact with",
"word": "tlačit se"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 33 35 2 26 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 26 26 3 41 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 5 25 25 5 30 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms suffixed with -le (verbal frequentative)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1917, Rudyard Kipling, “The Children,” poem accompanying the story “The Honours of War” in A Diversity of Creatures, London: Macmillan, pp. 129-130,\n[…] Our statecraft, our learning\nDelivered them bound to the Pit and alive to the burning\nWhither they mirthfully hastened as jostling for honour."
},
{
"ref": "2021 October 20, Paul Stephen, “Leisure and pleasure on the Far North Line”, in RAIL, number 942, page 47",
"text": "The relative popularity of the Kyle of Lochalsh service is unsurprising, given how the famous route jostles with the West Highland Line for the title of Scotland's (and indeed the world's) most scenic rail journey.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To contend or vie in order to acquire something."
],
"id": "en-jostle-en-verb-zev45PMe",
"links": [
[
"contend",
"contend"
],
[
"vie",
"vie"
],
[
"acquire",
"acquire"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To contend or vie in order to acquire something."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "6 5 2 87 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "contend or vie in order to acquire something",
"word": "tahat se"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 5 2 87 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "contend or vie in order to acquire something",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "drát se"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 5 2 87 0",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "contend or vie in order to acquire something",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "prát se"
},
{
"_dis1": "6 5 2 87 0",
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "contend or vie in order to acquire something",
"word": "tavoitella"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"To pick or attempt to pick pockets."
],
"id": "en-jostle-en-verb-K2YjAvBI",
"links": [
[
"pick",
"pick"
],
[
"pockets",
"pockets"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated, slang) To pick or attempt to pick pockets."
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈd͡ʒɒs.əl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈd͡ʒɑ.səl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒsəl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-jostle.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/En-us-jostle.ogg/En-us-jostle.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/En-us-jostle.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-jostle.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8b/En-au-jostle.ogg/En-au-jostle.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/En-au-jostle.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"word": "jostle"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "justle",
"3": "",
"4": "to have sex with"
},
"expansion": "justle (“to have sex with”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "jousten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English jousten",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "joster",
"4": "",
"5": "to joust"
},
"expansion": "Old French joster (“to joust”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "iuxtā",
"t": "next to"
},
"expansion": "Latin iuxtā (“next to”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "iungō",
"t": "join, connect"
},
"expansion": "iungō (“join, connect”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "joust",
"3": "le",
"id2": "verbal frequentative"
},
"expansion": "joust + -le",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Originally justle (“to have sex with”), formed from Middle English jousten, from the Old French joster (“to joust”), from Latin iuxtā (“next to”), from iungō (“join, connect”), equivalent to joust + -le.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jostles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "jostle (plural jostles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "1722, Daniel Defoe, Moll Flanders, London: J. Cooke, 1765, p. 241,\nI had full hold of her Watch, but giving a great Jostle, as if somebody had thrust me against her, and in the Juncture giving the Watch a fair pull, I found it would not come, so I let it go that Moment, and cried out as if I had been killed, that somebody had trod upon my Foot […]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The act of jostling someone or something; push, shove."
],
"id": "en-jostle-en-noun-6bVLsVaS",
"links": [
[
"push",
"push"
],
[
"shove",
"shove"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "butane",
"sense": "act of jostling",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "бутане"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "blǎskane",
"sense": "act of jostling",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "блъскане"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "act of jostling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "empenta"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "act of jostling",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "šťouchnutí"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "act of jostling",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vražení"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "act of jostling",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "strčení"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "act of jostling",
"word": "bousculade"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of jostling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Drängelei"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of jostling",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Gedrängel"
},
{
"_dis1": "80 20",
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "act of jostling",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Bucks"
}
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "1865, Harriet Beecher Stowe (under the pseudonym Christopher Crowfield), The Chimney-Corner, Boston: Ticknor & Field, 1868, Chapter 12, p. 291,\nFor years to come, the average of lone women will be largely increased; and the demand, always great, for some means by which they many provide for themselves, in the rude jostle of the world, will become more urgent and imperative."
}
],
"glosses": [
"The action of a jostling crowd."
],
"id": "en-jostle-en-noun-40Il-jcQ",
"links": [
[
"crowd",
"crowd"
]
],
"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "4 96",
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "blǎskanica",
"sense": "action of a jostling crowd",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "блъсканица"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 96",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mójiānjiēzhǒng",
"sense": "action of a jostling crowd",
"word": "摩肩接踵"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 96",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tuītui-sǎngsǎng",
"sense": "action of a jostling crowd",
"word": "推推搡搡"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 96",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "action of a jostling crowd",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "strkanice"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 96",
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "action of a jostling crowd",
"word": "cohue"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 96",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "action of a jostling crowd",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Gedränge"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 96",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "action of a jostling crowd",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Rempelei"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 96",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dávka",
"sense": "action of a jostling crowd",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "да́вка"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 96",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tolkotnjá",
"sense": "action of a jostling crowd",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "толкотня́"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 96",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sútoloka",
"sense": "action of a jostling crowd",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́толока"
},
{
"_dis1": "4 96",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tolkúčka",
"sense": "action of a jostling crowd",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "толку́чка"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈd͡ʒɒs.əl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈd͡ʒɑ.səl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒsəl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-jostle.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/En-us-jostle.ogg/En-us-jostle.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/En-us-jostle.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-jostle.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8b/En-au-jostle.ogg/En-au-jostle.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/En-au-jostle.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"word": "jostle"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English frequentative verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms suffixed with -le (verbal frequentative)",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Esperanto translations",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɒsəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɒsəl/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "justle",
"3": "",
"4": "to have sex with"
},
"expansion": "justle (“to have sex with”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "jousten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English jousten",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "joster",
"4": "",
"5": "to joust"
},
"expansion": "Old French joster (“to joust”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "iuxtā",
"t": "next to"
},
"expansion": "Latin iuxtā (“next to”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "iungō",
"t": "join, connect"
},
"expansion": "iungō (“join, connect”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "joust",
"3": "le",
"id2": "verbal frequentative"
},
"expansion": "joust + -le",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Originally justle (“to have sex with”), formed from Middle English jousten, from the Old French joster (“to joust”), from Latin iuxtā (“next to”), from iungō (“join, connect”), equivalent to joust + -le.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jostles",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "jostling",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "jostled",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "jostled",
"tags": [
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "jostle (third-person singular simple present jostles, present participle jostling, simple past and past participle jostled)",
"name": "en-verb"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "justle"
},
{
"word": "joust"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To bump into or brush against while in motion; to push aside."
],
"links": [
[
"transitive",
"transitive"
],
[
"intransitive",
"intransitive"
],
[
"bump",
"bump"
],
[
"brush",
"brush"
],
[
"aside",
"aside"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, intransitive) To bump into or brush against while in motion; to push aside."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1920, F. Scott Fitzgerald, This Side of Paradise, Book One, Chapter 3",
"text": "Axia and Amory, acquaintances of an hour, jostled behind a waiter to a table at a point of vantage; there they took seats and watched.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To move through by pushing and shoving."
],
"links": [
[
"pushing and shoving",
"pushing and shoving"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To move through by pushing and shoving."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"To be close to or in physical contact with."
],
"links": [
[
"close",
"close"
],
[
"physical",
"physical"
],
[
"contact",
"contact"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) To be close to or in physical contact with."
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English intransitive verbs",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "1917, Rudyard Kipling, “The Children,” poem accompanying the story “The Honours of War” in A Diversity of Creatures, London: Macmillan, pp. 129-130,\n[…] Our statecraft, our learning\nDelivered them bound to the Pit and alive to the burning\nWhither they mirthfully hastened as jostling for honour."
},
{
"ref": "2021 October 20, Paul Stephen, “Leisure and pleasure on the Far North Line”, in RAIL, number 942, page 47",
"text": "The relative popularity of the Kyle of Lochalsh service is unsurprising, given how the famous route jostles with the West Highland Line for the title of Scotland's (and indeed the world's) most scenic rail journey.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To contend or vie in order to acquire something."
],
"links": [
[
"contend",
"contend"
],
[
"vie",
"vie"
],
[
"acquire",
"acquire"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(intransitive) To contend or vie in order to acquire something."
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English dated terms",
"English slang"
],
"glosses": [
"To pick or attempt to pick pockets."
],
"links": [
[
"pick",
"pick"
],
[
"pockets",
"pockets"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated, slang) To pick or attempt to pick pockets."
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈd͡ʒɒs.əl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈd͡ʒɑ.səl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒsəl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-jostle.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/En-us-jostle.ogg/En-us-jostle.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/En-us-jostle.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-jostle.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8b/En-au-jostle.ogg/En-au-jostle.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/En-au-jostle.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "butam",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "бутам"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "blǎskam",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "блъскам"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "empentar"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "empentejar"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "擠"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "jǐ",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "挤"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tuīsǎng",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "推搡"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "strkat"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "omverduwen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "bruuskeren"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "törmätä"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "bousculer"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "daǯaxeba",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "დაჯახება"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "šeǯaxeba",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "შეჯახება"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "drängeln"
},
{
"alt": "おしあう",
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "oshiau",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "押し合う"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "tutetute"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "ātute"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "taututetute"
},
{
"code": "nrf",
"lang": "Norman",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"tags": [
"Jersey"
],
"word": "bostchuler"
},
{
"code": "oc",
"lang": "Occitan",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "butassar"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "trącać"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "trącić"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "esbarrar"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "pixátʹsja",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "пиха́ться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tolkátʹsja",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "толка́ться"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "put"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "knuffa"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "itelemek"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "štovxatysja",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "штовхатися"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "zištovxuvatysja",
"sense": "bump into or brush against while in motion",
"word": "зіштовхуватися"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "probivam si pǎt",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "пробивам си път"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "tlačit se"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "verdringen"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "drummen"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "tunkea"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "se bousculer"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "xelis ḳvra",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "ხელის კვრა"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "biʒgeba",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "ბიძგება"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"roman": "gaʒroma",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "გაძრომა"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "drängeln"
},
{
"code": "izh",
"lang": "Ingrian",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "tuppia"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "spingere"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "farsi largo"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "rozpychać się"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "rozepchać się"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "rozepchnąć się"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "propíxivatʹsja",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "пропи́хиваться"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "protálkivatʹsja",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "прота́лкиваться"
},
{
"code": "gd",
"lang": "Scottish Gaelic",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "uillnich"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "codear"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "empujar"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "itelemek"
},
{
"code": "uk",
"lang": "Ukrainian",
"roman": "proštovxuvatysja",
"sense": "move through by pushing and shoving",
"word": "проштовхуватися"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "be close to or in physical contact with",
"word": "tlačit se"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "contend or vie in order to acquire something",
"word": "tahat se"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "contend or vie in order to acquire something",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "drát se"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "contend or vie in order to acquire something",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "prát se"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "contend or vie in order to acquire something",
"word": "tavoitella"
}
],
"word": "jostle"
}
{
"categories": [
"English 2-syllable words",
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with language name categories using raw markup",
"English frequentative verbs",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle English",
"English terms derived from Old French",
"English terms suffixed with -le (verbal frequentative)",
"English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"English terms with audio links",
"English verbs",
"Requests for review of Esperanto translations",
"Requests for review of French translations",
"Requests for review of Telugu translations",
"Rhymes:English/ɒsəl",
"Rhymes:English/ɒsəl/2 syllables"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "justle",
"3": "",
"4": "to have sex with"
},
"expansion": "justle (“to have sex with”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "enm",
"3": "jousten"
},
"expansion": "Middle English jousten",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fro",
"3": "joster",
"4": "",
"5": "to joust"
},
"expansion": "Old French joster (“to joust”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "iuxtā",
"t": "next to"
},
"expansion": "Latin iuxtā (“next to”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "iungō",
"t": "join, connect"
},
"expansion": "iungō (“join, connect”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "joust",
"3": "le",
"id2": "verbal frequentative"
},
"expansion": "joust + -le",
"name": "suf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Originally justle (“to have sex with”), formed from Middle English jousten, from the Old French joster (“to joust”), from Latin iuxtā (“next to”), from iungō (“join, connect”), equivalent to joust + -le.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "jostles",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "jostle (plural jostles)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "1722, Daniel Defoe, Moll Flanders, London: J. Cooke, 1765, p. 241,\nI had full hold of her Watch, but giving a great Jostle, as if somebody had thrust me against her, and in the Juncture giving the Watch a fair pull, I found it would not come, so I let it go that Moment, and cried out as if I had been killed, that somebody had trod upon my Foot […]"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The act of jostling someone or something; push, shove."
],
"links": [
[
"push",
"push"
],
[
"shove",
"shove"
]
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "1865, Harriet Beecher Stowe (under the pseudonym Christopher Crowfield), The Chimney-Corner, Boston: Ticknor & Field, 1868, Chapter 12, p. 291,\nFor years to come, the average of lone women will be largely increased; and the demand, always great, for some means by which they many provide for themselves, in the rude jostle of the world, will become more urgent and imperative."
}
],
"glosses": [
"The action of a jostling crowd."
],
"links": [
[
"crowd",
"crowd"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈd͡ʒɒs.əl/",
"tags": [
"UK"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈd͡ʒɑ.səl/",
"tags": [
"US"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɒsəl"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-jostle.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/En-us-jostle.ogg/En-us-jostle.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/En-us-jostle.ogg",
"tags": [
"US"
],
"text": "Audio (US)"
},
{
"audio": "en-au-jostle.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8b/En-au-jostle.ogg/En-au-jostle.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8b/En-au-jostle.ogg",
"tags": [
"Australia"
],
"text": "Audio (AU)"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "butane",
"sense": "act of jostling",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "бутане"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "blǎskane",
"sense": "act of jostling",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "блъскане"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "act of jostling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "empenta"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "act of jostling",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "šťouchnutí"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "act of jostling",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "vražení"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "act of jostling",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "strčení"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "act of jostling",
"word": "bousculade"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of jostling",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Drängelei"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "act of jostling",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Gedrängel"
},
{
"code": "pdt",
"lang": "Plautdietsch",
"sense": "act of jostling",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Bucks"
},
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"roman": "blǎskanica",
"sense": "action of a jostling crowd",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "блъсканица"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "mójiānjiēzhǒng",
"sense": "action of a jostling crowd",
"word": "摩肩接踵"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "tuītui-sǎngsǎng",
"sense": "action of a jostling crowd",
"word": "推推搡搡"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "action of a jostling crowd",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "strkanice"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "action of a jostling crowd",
"word": "cohue"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "action of a jostling crowd",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Gedränge"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "action of a jostling crowd",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "Rempelei"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "dávka",
"sense": "action of a jostling crowd",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "да́вка"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tolkotnjá",
"sense": "action of a jostling crowd",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "толкотня́"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "sútoloka",
"sense": "action of a jostling crowd",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "су́толока"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "tolkúčka",
"sense": "action of a jostling crowd",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "толку́чка"
}
],
"word": "jostle"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.