See gluten on Wiktionary
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"word": "glutelin"
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"ref": "1621, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], “Division of the Body. Humors, Spirits.”, in The Anatomy of Melancholy, […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and Iames Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 1, section 1, member 2, subsection 2, page 20:",
"text": "The Radicall or innate, is dayly ſupplied by nouriſhment, which ſome call Cambium, and make thoſe ſecundary Humors of Ros and Gluten to maintaine it: […]",
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{
"ref": "1665, Robert Hooke, Micrographia, XXXVII:",
"text": "[T]he Fly suspends it self very firmly and easily, without the access or need of any such Sponges fill'd with an imaginary gluten, as many have, for want of good Glasses, perhaps, or a troublesome and diligent examination, suppos'd.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1990, Camille Paglia, Sexual Personae:",
"text": "The tyrant machine is the female body, grinding and milling the pulp of matter, the gluten of human flesh.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any gluey, sticky substance."
],
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"(rare) Any gluey, sticky substance."
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"ref": "2004, Harold McGee, chapter 10, in On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen, Scribner, →ISBN:",
"text": "Chew on a small piece of dough, and it becomes more compact but persists as a gum-like, elastic mass, the residue that the Chinese named “the muscle of flour” and that we call gluten. It consists mainly of protein, and includes what may well be the largest protein molecules to be found in the natural world.",
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{
"ref": "2010 June 10, Felicity Cloake, Word of Mouth Blog, The Guardian:",
"text": "Unfortunately, wholemeal bread is, according to many experts, a tricky thing to get right, as the lower gluten content of the flour makes for dense results […]",
"type": "quote"
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"glosses": [
"The major protein in cereal grains, especially wheat; responsible for the elasticity in dough and the structure in baked bread."
],
"id": "en-gluten-en-noun-en:Q188251",
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[
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[
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[
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[
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[
"wheat",
"wheat"
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[
"dough",
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"structure"
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[
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"chemistry",
"cooking",
"food",
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"microbiology",
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"physical-sciences"
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"translations": [
{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḡlūtīn",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "غْلُوتِين"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "glūtin",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
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"masculine"
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"word": "قلوتن"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gluten"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "麵筋"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "miànjīn",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "面筋"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "麩質"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fūzhì",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "麸质"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
"code": "co",
"lang": "Corsican",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
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"word": "glutinu"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "lepek"
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{
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"code": "nl",
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"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "gluten"
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"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "gluteno"
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"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "gluteeni"
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{
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"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
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"word": "gluten"
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{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
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"word": "Gluten"
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{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "glouténi",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
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"word": "γλουτένη"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
"code": "he",
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"roman": "gluten",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
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"word": "גְלוּטֵן"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
"code": "hu",
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"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "sikér"
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{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
"code": "hu",
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"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "glutén"
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{
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"code": "io",
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"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "gluteno"
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{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
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"sense": "cereal protein",
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"word": "glutine"
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{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
"code": "ja",
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"roman": "guruten",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "グルテン"
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{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
"code": "ko",
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"roman": "geulluten",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "글루텐"
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"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
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"sense": "cereal protein",
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"word": "glutēns"
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"code": "mk",
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"roman": "glutén",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
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"word": "глуте́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
"code": "mi",
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"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "kurutene"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
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"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
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"word": "gluten"
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"code": "pl",
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"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
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"word": "gluten"
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{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
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"word": "glúten"
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{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gljutɛ́n",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "глюте́н"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "klejkovína",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "клейкови́на"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gluten"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
"code": "es",
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"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"masculine"
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"word": "gluten"
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"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
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"word": "gluten"
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"roman": "gluten",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "גלוטען"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "glutn",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "גלוטן"
},
{
"_dis1": "3 3 93 1",
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "kleyshtof",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "קליישטאָף"
}
],
"wikidata": [
"Q188251"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Geology",
"orig": "en:Geology",
"parents": [
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "8 38 18 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 43 13 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 38 21 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 40 19 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 39 23 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 38 22 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 38 21 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Corsican translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 34 23 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Czech translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 37 21 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Dutch translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 39 21 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Esperanto translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 40 20 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 36 26 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 40 19 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 34 25 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 38 23 32",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hebrew translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 40 23 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 36 24 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 40 19 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 39 21 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Japanese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 38 22 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Korean translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 38 22 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Latvian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 38 22 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Macedonian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 32 20 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Mandarin translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 38 22 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Maori translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 38 22 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 39 20 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 39 21 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Russian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 38 22 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Slovene translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 39 20 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "6 40 19 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 40 20 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Yiddish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1988, James McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom, Oxford, published 2004, page 669:",
"text": "Despite constant rain that turned roads to gluten, the Yankees kept moving.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A gluey, sticky mass of clay, bitumen etc."
],
"id": "en-gluten-en-noun-thFvFTBc",
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"gluey",
"gluey"
],
[
"sticky",
"sticky"
],
[
"clay",
"clay"
],
[
"bitumen",
"bitumen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) A gluey, sticky mass of clay, bitumen etc."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡluːtən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡluːtn̩/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gluten.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5e/En-us-gluten.ogg/En-us-gluten.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/En-us-gluten.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːtən"
}
],
"word": "gluten"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "gluten",
"4": "",
"5": "glue"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glutens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "gluten m (plural glutens)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gluten"
],
"id": "en-gluten-ca-noun-QZxx8r3b",
"links": [
[
"gluten",
"gluten#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "gluten"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "gluten",
"4": "",
"5": "glue"
},
"expansion": "Latin gluten (“glue”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "gluten n (uncountable)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"glu‧ten"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gluten"
],
"id": "en-gluten-nl-noun-QZxx8r3b",
"links": [
[
"gluten",
"gluten#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "nl-gluten.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/Nl-gluten.ogg/Nl-gluten.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Nl-gluten.ogg"
}
],
"word": "gluten"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "glūten",
"4": "",
"5": "glue"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin glūten (“glue”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin glūten (“glue”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glutens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "gluten m (plural glutens)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gluten"
],
"id": "en-gluten-fr-noun-QZxx8r3b",
"links": [
[
"gluten",
"gluten#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡly.tɛn/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-gluten.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e6/Fr-gluten.ogg/Fr-gluten.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Fr-gluten.ogg"
}
],
"word": "gluten"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "gluten",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: gluten (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: gluten (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "glutinu",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Corsican: glutinu (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Corsican: glutinu (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gluten",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: gluten (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: gluten (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "gluteno",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: gluteno (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: gluteno (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "gluteeni",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: gluteeni (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: gluteeni (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "gluten",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: gluten (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: gluten (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gluten",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: gluten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: gluten"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "acw",
"2": "قلوتن",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "glūtin"
},
"expansion": "→ Hijazi Arabic: قلوتن (glūtin)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hijazi Arabic: قلوتن (glūtin)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "글루텐",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 글루텐 (geulluten)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 글루텐 (geulluten)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "gluten",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: gluten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: gluten"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "глюте́н",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "gljutɛ́n"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: глюте́н (gljutɛ́n)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: глюте́н (gljutɛ́n)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Gluten",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Gluten (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Gluten (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "グルテン",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "guruten"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: グルテン (guruten)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: グルテン (guruten)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "גלוטען",
"alts": "1",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Yiddish: גלוטען (gluten) (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Yiddish: גלוטען (gluten) (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "γλουτένη",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Greek: γλουτένη (glouténi) (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Greek: γλουτένη (glouténi) (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "gluteno",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ido: gluteno (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ido: gluteno (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "glutine",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Interlingua: glutine (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Interlingua: glutine (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "glutine",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: glutine (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: glutine (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "glu"
},
"expansion": "Old French: glu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: glu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "glew",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: glew, glu, glue, glewe, gleu, glowe, glyw, glyu, gleuwe, gluwe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: glew, glu, glue, glewe, gleu, glowe, glyw, glyu, gleuwe, gluwe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "glue"
},
"expansion": "English: glue\n→ Esperanto: gluo\n→ Ido: gluo\n→ Irish: gliú\n→ Welsh: gliw",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "English: glue\n→ Esperanto: gluo\n→ Ido: gluo\n→ Irish: gliú\n→ Welsh: gliw"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "glu"
},
"expansion": "French: glu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: glu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "cliute"
},
"expansion": "Norman: cliute",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Jersey"
},
"expansion": "(Jersey)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Norman: cliute (Jersey)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "gláed",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Irish: gláed",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Irish: gláed"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "glae"
},
"expansion": "Irish: glae",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: glae"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "glaodh"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: glaodh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: glaodh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gluten",
"3": "glut",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: gluten, glut (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: gluten, glut (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "گلوتن",
"lbor": "1",
"tr": "g(e)luten"
},
"expansion": "→ Persian: گلوتن (g(e)luten) (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Persian: گلوتن (g(e)luten) (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "grude"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: grude",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "glúten",
"lbor": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ glúten (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: grude; → glúten (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*glʉd",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *glʉd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *glʉd"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "glut"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: glut",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: glut"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "glud"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: glud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: glud"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "gluten",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: gluten (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: gluten (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gluten",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: gluten (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: gluten (learned)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*gloiten"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *gloiten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*glóh₁ytn̥"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *glóh₁ytn̥",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *gloiten, from Proto-Indo-European *glóh₁ytn̥, from *gleh₁y- (“to stick; to spread, to smear”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glūten",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "glūtinis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "glūten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glūtina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glūtinis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glūtinum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glūtinī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glūtinibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glūten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glūtina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glūtine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glūtinibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glūten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "glūtina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glūten/glūtin<3.N>"
},
"expansion": "glūten n (genitive glūtinis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glūten/glūtin<3.N>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "glūtinō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"glue"
],
"id": "en-gluten-la-noun-mVUt6ZmK",
"links": [
[
"glue",
"glue"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡluː.ten/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡɫ̪uːt̪ɛn]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡlu.ten/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡluːt̪en]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "gluten"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "glūten"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin glūten",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "glut",
"3": "glutyna"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of glut and glutyna",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin glūten. Doublet of glut and glutyna.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gluten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glutenu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glutenowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gluten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glutenem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glutenie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glutenie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "gluten m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"glu‧ten"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"tantum": "s"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish singularia tantum",
"parents": [
"Singularia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Biochemistry",
"orig": "pl:Biochemistry",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Chemistry",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Cooking",
"orig": "pl:Cooking",
"parents": [
"Food and drink",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "glutenowy"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gluten (the major protein in cereal grains, especially wheat; responsible for the elasticity in dough and the structure in baked bread)"
],
"id": "en-gluten-pl-noun-tJ~wQm1z",
"links": [
[
"cooking",
"cooking#Noun"
],
[
"biochemistry",
"biochemistry"
],
[
"gluten",
"gluten#English:_Q188251"
],
[
"protein",
"protein"
],
[
"cereal",
"cereal"
],
[
"grain",
"grain"
],
[
"wheat",
"wheat"
],
[
"elasticity",
"elasticity"
],
[
"dough",
"dough"
],
[
"structure",
"structure"
],
[
"baked",
"baked"
],
[
"bread",
"bread"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cooking, biochemistry) gluten (the major protein in cereal grains, especially wheat; responsible for the elasticity in dough and the structure in baked bread)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "glutyna"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biochemistry",
"biology",
"chemistry",
"cooking",
"food",
"lifestyle",
"microbiology",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡlu.tɛn/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-utɛn"
}
],
"word": "gluten"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "gluten"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French gluten",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French gluten.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gluten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "un gluten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glutenul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gluten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "unui gluten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glutenului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glutenule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "gluten n (uncountable)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n",
"gpd": "glutenelor",
"gpi": "glutene",
"gsd": "glutenului",
"gsi": "gluten",
"n": "sg",
"npd": "glutenele",
"npi": "glutene",
"nsd": "glutenul",
"nsi": "gluten",
"vp": "glutenelor",
"vs": "glutenule"
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun-single"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gluten"
],
"id": "en-gluten-ro-noun-QZxx8r3b",
"links": [
[
"gluten",
"gluten#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"word": "gluten"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "gluten",
"4": "",
"5": "glue"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glútenes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "gluten m (plural glútenes)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"glu‧ten"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "es",
"name": "Proteins",
"orig": "es:Proteins",
"parents": [
"Biomolecules",
"Biochemistry",
"Body parts",
"Organic compounds",
"Biology",
"Chemistry",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Matter",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Medicine",
"Nature",
"Fundamental",
"Healthcare",
"Health"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gluten"
],
"id": "en-gluten-es-noun-QZxx8r3b",
"links": [
[
"biochemistry",
"biochemistry"
],
[
"gluten",
"gluten#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(biochemistry) gluten"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biochemistry",
"biology",
"chemistry",
"microbiology",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡluten/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡlu.t̪ẽn]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uten"
}
],
"word": "gluten"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "la",
"3": "gluten",
"4": "",
"5": "glue"
},
"expansion": "Latin gluten (“glue”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "gluten n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 9 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gluten"
],
"id": "en-gluten-sv-noun-QZxx8r3b",
"links": [
[
"gluten",
"gluten#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "gluten"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "la",
"3": "gluten",
"4": "",
"5": "glue"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glutens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "gluten m (plural glutens)",
"name": "ca-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Catalan countable nouns",
"Catalan entries with incorrect language header",
"Catalan lemmas",
"Catalan masculine nouns",
"Catalan nouns",
"Catalan terms borrowed from Latin",
"Catalan terms derived from Latin",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"gluten"
],
"links": [
[
"gluten",
"gluten#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "gluten"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "la",
"3": "gluten",
"4": "",
"5": "glue"
},
"expansion": "Latin gluten (“glue”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "gluten n (uncountable)",
"name": "nl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"glu‧ten"
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Dutch lemmas",
"Dutch neuter nouns",
"Dutch nouns",
"Dutch terms borrowed from Latin",
"Dutch terms derived from Latin",
"Dutch uncountable nouns",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"gluten"
],
"links": [
[
"gluten",
"gluten#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "nl-gluten.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a3/Nl-gluten.ogg/Nl-gluten.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/Nl-gluten.ogg"
}
],
"word": "gluten"
}
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English lemmas",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from Middle French",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Middle French",
"English uncountable nouns",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:English/uːtən",
"Rhymes:English/uːtən/2 syllables",
"Terms with Arabic translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Corsican translations",
"Terms with Czech translations",
"Terms with Dutch translations",
"Terms with Esperanto translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hebrew translations",
"Terms with Hijazi Arabic translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Ido translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Japanese translations",
"Terms with Korean translations",
"Terms with Latvian translations",
"Terms with Macedonian translations",
"Terms with Mandarin translations",
"Terms with Maori translations",
"Terms with Norwegian translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Russian translations",
"Terms with Slovene translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Yiddish translations"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "glutelin"
},
{
"word": "gluten bread"
},
{
"word": "gluten casein"
},
{
"word": "gluten fibrin"
},
{
"word": "gluten-free"
},
{
"word": "glutenin"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "frm",
"3": "gluten"
},
"expansion": "Middle French gluten",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "glūten",
"4": "",
"5": "glue"
},
"expansion": "Latin glūten (“glue”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle French gluten, borrowed from Latin glūten (“glue”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glutens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "~"
},
"expansion": "gluten (countable and uncountable, plural glutens)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "gluta-"
},
{
"word": "glutamic"
},
{
"word": "glutinaceous"
},
{
"word": "glutinous"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English terms with obsolete senses",
"English terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1621, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], “Division of the Body. Humors, Spirits.”, in The Anatomy of Melancholy, […], Oxford, Oxfordshire: […] John Lichfield and Iames Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 1, section 1, member 2, subsection 2, page 20:",
"text": "The Radicall or innate, is dayly ſupplied by nouriſhment, which ſome call Cambium, and make thoſe ſecundary Humors of Ros and Gluten to maintaine it: […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Fibrin (formerly considered as one of the \"animal humours\")."
],
"links": [
[
"Fibrin",
"fibrin"
],
[
"humours",
"humours"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) Fibrin (formerly considered as one of the \"animal humours\")."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"English terms with rare senses",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1665, Robert Hooke, Micrographia, XXXVII:",
"text": "[T]he Fly suspends it self very firmly and easily, without the access or need of any such Sponges fill'd with an imaginary gluten, as many have, for want of good Glasses, perhaps, or a troublesome and diligent examination, suppos'd.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "1990, Camille Paglia, Sexual Personae:",
"text": "The tyrant machine is the female body, grinding and milling the pulp of matter, the gluten of human flesh.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Any gluey, sticky substance."
],
"links": [
[
"gluey",
"gluey"
],
[
"sticky",
"sticky"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) Any gluey, sticky substance."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"rare",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"en:Biochemistry",
"en:Cooking"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2004, Harold McGee, chapter 10, in On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen, Scribner, →ISBN:",
"text": "Chew on a small piece of dough, and it becomes more compact but persists as a gum-like, elastic mass, the residue that the Chinese named “the muscle of flour” and that we call gluten. It consists mainly of protein, and includes what may well be the largest protein molecules to be found in the natural world.",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"ref": "2010 June 10, Felicity Cloake, Word of Mouth Blog, The Guardian:",
"text": "Unfortunately, wholemeal bread is, according to many experts, a tricky thing to get right, as the lower gluten content of the flour makes for dense results […]",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The major protein in cereal grains, especially wheat; responsible for the elasticity in dough and the structure in baked bread."
],
"links": [
[
"cooking",
"cooking#Noun"
],
[
"biochemistry",
"biochemistry"
],
[
"protein",
"protein"
],
[
"cereal",
"cereal"
],
[
"grain",
"grain"
],
[
"wheat",
"wheat"
],
[
"elasticity",
"elasticity"
],
[
"dough",
"dough"
],
[
"structure",
"structure"
],
[
"baked",
"baked"
],
[
"bread",
"bread"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cooking, biochemistry) The major protein in cereal grains, especially wheat; responsible for the elasticity in dough and the structure in baked bread."
],
"senseid": [
"en:Q188251"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"biochemistry",
"biology",
"chemistry",
"cooking",
"food",
"lifestyle",
"microbiology",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
],
"wikidata": [
"Q188251"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"English terms with quotations",
"Quotation templates to be cleaned",
"en:Geology"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1988, James McPherson, Battle Cry of Freedom, Oxford, published 2004, page 669:",
"text": "Despite constant rain that turned roads to gluten, the Yankees kept moving.",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A gluey, sticky mass of clay, bitumen etc."
],
"links": [
[
"geology",
"geology"
],
[
"gluey",
"gluey"
],
[
"sticky",
"sticky"
],
[
"clay",
"clay"
],
[
"bitumen",
"bitumen"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(geology) A gluey, sticky mass of clay, bitumen etc."
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"topics": [
"geography",
"geology",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡluːtən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡluːtn̩/"
},
{
"audio": "en-us-gluten.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5e/En-us-gluten.ogg/En-us-gluten.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5e/En-us-gluten.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uːtən"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "ar",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "ḡlūtīn",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "غْلُوتِين"
},
{
"code": "acw",
"lang": "Arabic",
"roman": "glūtin",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"Hijazi-Arabic",
"masculine"
],
"word": "قلوتن"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gluten"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "麵筋"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "miànjīn",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "面筋"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "麩質"
},
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fūzhì",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "麸质"
},
{
"code": "co",
"lang": "Corsican",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "glutinu"
},
{
"code": "cs",
"lang": "Czech",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "lepek"
},
{
"code": "nl",
"lang": "Dutch",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "gluten"
},
{
"code": "eo",
"lang": "Esperanto",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "gluteno"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "gluteeni"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gluten"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "Gluten"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"roman": "glouténi",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "γλουτένη"
},
{
"code": "he",
"lang": "Hebrew",
"roman": "gluten",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "גְלוּטֵן"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "sikér"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "glutén"
},
{
"code": "io",
"lang": "Ido",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "gluteno"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "glutine"
},
{
"code": "ja",
"lang": "Japanese",
"roman": "guruten",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "グルテン"
},
{
"code": "ko",
"lang": "Korean",
"roman": "geulluten",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "글루텐"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lipeklis"
},
{
"code": "lv",
"lang": "Latvian",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "glutēns"
},
{
"code": "mk",
"lang": "Macedonian",
"roman": "glutén",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "глуте́н"
},
{
"code": "mi",
"lang": "Maori",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"word": "kurutene"
},
{
"code": "no",
"lang": "Norwegian",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gluten"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gluten"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "glúten"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "gljutɛ́n",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "глюте́н"
},
{
"code": "ru",
"lang": "Russian",
"roman": "klejkovína",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "клейкови́на"
},
{
"code": "sl",
"lang": "Slovene",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gluten"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "gluten"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "gluten"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "gluten",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "גלוטען"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "glutn",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "גלוטן"
},
{
"code": "yi",
"lang": "Yiddish",
"roman": "kleyshtof",
"sense": "cereal protein",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "קליישטאָף"
}
],
"word": "gluten"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "glūten",
"4": "",
"5": "glue"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin glūten (“glue”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin glūten (“glue”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glutens",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "gluten m (plural glutens)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French nouns",
"French terms borrowed from Latin",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"gluten"
],
"links": [
[
"gluten",
"gluten#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡly.tɛn/"
},
{
"audio": "Fr-gluten.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e6/Fr-gluten.ogg/Fr-gluten.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/Fr-gluten.ogg"
}
],
"word": "gluten"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "glūtinō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "gluten",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: gluten (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: gluten (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "glutinu",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Corsican: glutinu (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Corsican: glutinu (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "gluten",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Dutch: gluten (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Dutch: gluten (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "eo",
"2": "gluteno",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Esperanto: gluteno (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Esperanto: gluteno (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "gluteeni",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: gluteeni (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: gluteeni (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "gluten",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ French: gluten (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ French: gluten (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gluten",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: gluten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: gluten"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "acw",
"2": "قلوتن",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "glūtin"
},
"expansion": "→ Hijazi Arabic: قلوتن (glūtin)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hijazi Arabic: قلوتن (glūtin)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "글루텐",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 글루텐 (geulluten)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 글루텐 (geulluten)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "gluten",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Romanian: gluten",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Romanian: gluten"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "глюте́н",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "gljutɛ́n"
},
"expansion": "→ Russian: глюте́н (gljutɛ́n)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Russian: глюте́н (gljutɛ́n)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Gluten",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Gluten (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Gluten (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "グルテン",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "guruten"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese: グルテン (guruten)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Japanese: グルテン (guruten)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "yi",
"2": "גלוטען",
"alts": "1",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Yiddish: גלוטען (gluten) (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Yiddish: גלוטען (gluten) (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "γλουτένη",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Greek: γλουτένη (glouténi) (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Greek: γλουτένη (glouténi) (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "io",
"2": "gluteno",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ido: gluteno (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ido: gluteno (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ia",
"2": "glutine",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Interlingua: glutine (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Interlingua: glutine (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "glutine",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: glutine (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: glutine (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "glu"
},
"expansion": "Old French: glu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: glu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "glew",
"alts": "1",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: glew, glu, glue, glewe, gleu, glowe, glyw, glyu, gleuwe, gluwe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: glew, glu, glue, glewe, gleu, glowe, glyw, glyu, gleuwe, gluwe"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "glue"
},
"expansion": "English: glue\n→ Esperanto: gluo\n→ Ido: gluo\n→ Irish: gliú\n→ Welsh: gliw",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "English: glue\n→ Esperanto: gluo\n→ Ido: gluo\n→ Irish: gliú\n→ Welsh: gliw"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "glu"
},
"expansion": "French: glu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "French: glu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "cliute"
},
"expansion": "Norman: cliute",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Jersey"
},
"expansion": "(Jersey)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Norman: cliute (Jersey)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "gláed",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Irish: gláed",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Irish: gláed"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "glae"
},
"expansion": "Irish: glae",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: glae"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "glaodh"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: glaodh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: glaodh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gluten",
"3": "glut",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Polish: gluten, glut (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Polish: gluten, glut (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "گلوتن",
"lbor": "1",
"tr": "g(e)luten"
},
"expansion": "→ Persian: گلوتن (g(e)luten) (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Persian: گلوتن (g(e)luten) (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "grude"
},
"expansion": "Portuguese: grude",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "glúten",
"lbor": "1",
"nolb": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ glúten (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Portuguese: grude; → glúten (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*glʉd",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *glʉd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Brythonic: *glʉd"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wlm",
"2": "glut"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh: glut",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Welsh: glut"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "glud"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: glud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: glud"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "gluten",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Spanish: gluten (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Spanish: gluten (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "gluten",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: gluten (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: gluten (learned)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*gloiten"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *gloiten",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*glóh₁ytn̥"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *glóh₁ytn̥",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Italic *gloiten, from Proto-Indo-European *glóh₁ytn̥, from *gleh₁y- (“to stick; to spread, to smear”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glūten",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"neuter"
]
},
{
"form": "glūtinis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "glūten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glūtina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glūtinis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glūtinum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glūtinī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glūtinibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glūten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glūtina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glūtine",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glūtinibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "glūten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "glūtina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glūten/glūtin<3.N>"
},
"expansion": "glūten n (genitive glūtinis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "glūten/glūtin<3.N>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin neuter nouns",
"Latin neuter nouns in the third declension",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin third declension nouns",
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Russian terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
],
"glosses": [
"glue"
],
"links": [
[
"glue",
"glue"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡluː.ten/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡɫ̪uːt̪ɛn]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡlu.ten/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡluːt̪en]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"word": "gluten"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "glutenowy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "glūten"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin glūten",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "glut",
"3": "glutyna"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of glut and glutyna",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin glūten. Doublet of glut and glutyna.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gluten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glutenu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glutenowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gluten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glutenem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glutenie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glutenie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "gluten m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"glu‧ten"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"tantum": "s"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish doublets",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish learned borrowings from Latin",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish singularia tantum",
"Polish terms borrowed from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Polish/utɛn",
"Rhymes:Polish/utɛn/2 syllables",
"pl:Biochemistry",
"pl:Cooking"
],
"glosses": [
"gluten (the major protein in cereal grains, especially wheat; responsible for the elasticity in dough and the structure in baked bread)"
],
"links": [
[
"cooking",
"cooking#Noun"
],
[
"biochemistry",
"biochemistry"
],
[
"gluten",
"gluten#English:_Q188251"
],
[
"protein",
"protein"
],
[
"cereal",
"cereal"
],
[
"grain",
"grain"
],
[
"wheat",
"wheat"
],
[
"elasticity",
"elasticity"
],
[
"dough",
"dough"
],
[
"structure",
"structure"
],
[
"baked",
"baked"
],
[
"bread",
"bread"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cooking, biochemistry) gluten (the major protein in cereal grains, especially wheat; responsible for the elasticity in dough and the structure in baked bread)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "glutyna"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biochemistry",
"biology",
"chemistry",
"cooking",
"food",
"lifestyle",
"microbiology",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡlu.tɛn/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-utɛn"
}
],
"word": "gluten"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "fr",
"3": "gluten"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French gluten",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French gluten.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ro-noun-n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gluten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "un gluten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"indefinite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glutenul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"definite",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gluten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "unui gluten",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"genitive",
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glutenului",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"definite",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "glutenule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "n",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "gluten n (uncountable)",
"name": "ro-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n",
"gpd": "glutenelor",
"gpi": "glutene",
"gsd": "glutenului",
"gsi": "gluten",
"n": "sg",
"npd": "glutenele",
"npi": "glutene",
"nsd": "glutenul",
"nsi": "gluten",
"vp": "glutenelor",
"vs": "glutenule"
},
"name": "ro-decl-noun-single"
}
],
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
"Romanian lemmas",
"Romanian neuter nouns",
"Romanian nouns",
"Romanian terms borrowed from French",
"Romanian terms derived from French",
"Romanian uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"gluten"
],
"links": [
[
"gluten",
"gluten#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"uncountable"
]
}
],
"word": "gluten"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "la",
"3": "gluten",
"4": "",
"5": "glue"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "glútenes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m"
},
"expansion": "gluten m (plural glútenes)",
"name": "es-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"glu‧ten"
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Spanish/uten",
"Rhymes:Spanish/uten/2 syllables",
"Spanish 2-syllable words",
"Spanish countable nouns",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish lemmas",
"Spanish masculine nouns",
"Spanish nouns",
"Spanish terms borrowed from Latin",
"Spanish terms derived from Latin",
"Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"es:Proteins"
],
"glosses": [
"gluten"
],
"links": [
[
"biochemistry",
"biochemistry"
],
[
"gluten",
"gluten#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(biochemistry) gluten"
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"biochemistry",
"biology",
"chemistry",
"microbiology",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡluten/"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡlu.t̪ẽn]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uten"
}
],
"word": "gluten"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "la",
"3": "gluten",
"4": "",
"5": "glue"
},
"expansion": "Latin gluten (“glue”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin gluten (“glue”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "noun",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "gluten n",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 9 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Swedish entries with incorrect language header",
"Swedish lemmas",
"Swedish neuter nouns",
"Swedish nouns",
"Swedish terms borrowed from Latin",
"Swedish terms derived from Latin"
],
"glosses": [
"gluten"
],
"links": [
[
"gluten",
"gluten#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter"
]
}
],
"word": "gluten"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gluten meaning in All languages combined (29.3kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Romanian]; cleaned text: n gender",
"path": [
"gluten"
],
"section": "Romanian",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "gluten",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.