See giống on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for giống meaning in All languages combined (8.5kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "con giống"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "giống cái"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "giống đực"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "giống loài"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "giống nòi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "giống trung"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "hạt giống"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*k-coːŋʔ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *k-coːŋʔ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "och",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "種",
"tr": "*k.toŋʔ"
},
"expansion": "種 (OC *k.toŋʔ)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "chủng"
},
"expansion": "chủng",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "zh",
"3": "種//",
"pos": "SV: <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"vi\">chủng</i>",
"t": "seed; species",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 種 (“seed; species”, SV: chủng)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "種",
"2": "seed; species",
"3": "chủng",
"hv": "preMC",
"nocap": "y"
},
"expansion": "non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 種 (“seed; species”, SV: chủng)",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "chủng"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of chủng",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "giấy"
},
"expansion": "giấy",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-vie-pro",
"2": "*k-cajʔ"
},
"expansion": "*k-cajʔ",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "紙",
"tr": "*k.teʔ"
},
"expansion": "紙 (OC *k.teʔ)",
"name": "och-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *k-coːŋʔ, from a descendant of reconstructed Old Chinese 種 (OC *k.toŋʔ) when the dental stop already palatalized; non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 種 (“seed; species”, SV: chủng). Doublet of chủng.\nThe same sound change also yields Vietnamese giấy, from Proto-Vietic *k-cajʔ, from a descendant of ultimately Old Chinese 紙 (OC *k.teʔ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𥞖",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𥠭",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𧀑",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "𥞖, 𥠭, 𧀑"
},
"expansion": "giống • (𥞖, 𥠭, 𧀑)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𥞖, 𥠭, 𧀑"
},
"expansion": "giống • (𥞖, 𥠭, 𧀑)",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "domain",
"word": "vực"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "domain",
"word": "liên giới"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "kingdom",
"word": "giới"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "phylum",
"word": "ngành"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"class"
],
"word": "lớp"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "order",
"word": "bộ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "family",
"word": "họ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "genus",
"word": "chi"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "species",
"word": "loài"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"a human race"
],
"id": "en-giống-vi-noun-xJ3m0MEb",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"human race",
"human race"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually derogatory) a human race"
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"usually"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a breed"
],
"id": "en-giống-vi-noun-eTy6BvU4",
"links": [
[
"breed",
"breed"
]
],
"qualifier": "animal breeding",
"raw_glosses": [
"(animal breeding) a breed"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Agriculture",
"orig": "vi:Agriculture",
"parents": [
"Applied sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Horticulture",
"orig": "vi:Horticulture",
"parents": [
"Agriculture",
"Botany",
"Applied sciences",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 3 33 18 34 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a cultivar"
],
"id": "en-giống-vi-noun-GbFhGeKY",
"links": [
[
"agriculture",
"agriculture"
],
[
"horticulture",
"horticulture"
],
[
"cultivar",
"cultivar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(agriculture, horticulture) a cultivar"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"horticulture",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Grammar",
"orig": "vi:Grammar",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Linguistics",
"orig": "vi:Linguistics",
"parents": [
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 3 33 18 34 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "grammatical agreement (literally, “compatibility on gender and number”)",
"text": "tương hợp giống và số",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the masculine gender",
"text": "giống đực",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the feminine gender",
"text": "giống cái",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gender"
],
"id": "en-giống-vi-noun-3p~q6otm",
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"gender",
"gender"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar, linguistics) gender"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Taxonomy",
"orig": "vi:Taxonomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Evolutionary theory",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 5 3 33 18 34 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 6 14 26 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 5 15 22 19 35 2",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Animals",
"orig": "vi:Animals",
"parents": [
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 19 18 19 35 2",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Plants",
"orig": "vi:Plants",
"parents": [
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genus"
],
"id": "en-giống-vi-noun-snufSo6u",
"links": [
[
"taxonomy",
"taxonomy"
],
[
"genus",
"genus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(taxonomy) genus"
],
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "3 2 3 4 89",
"sense": "Taxonomy",
"word": "phân loại sinh học"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chi"
}
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"taxonomy"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[zəwŋ͡m˧˦]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jəwŋ͡m˦˧˥]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jəwŋ͡m˦˥]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"vi:giống"
],
"word": "giống"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Possibly derived from etymology 1.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𠏳",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "𠏳"
},
"expansion": "giống • (𠏳)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𠏳"
},
"expansion": "giống • (𠏳)",
"name": "vi-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to be alike, to be similar"
],
"id": "en-giống-vi-verb-XDLheDcc",
"links": [
[
"alike",
"alike"
],
[
"similar",
"similar"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[zəwŋ͡m˧˦]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jəwŋ͡m˦˧˥]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jəwŋ͡m˦˥]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"vi:giống"
],
"word": "giống"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Possibly derived from etymology 1.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𠏳",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "𠏳"
},
"expansion": "giống • (𠏳)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𠏳"
},
"expansion": "giống • (𠏳)",
"name": "vi-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"be alike, be similar"
],
"id": "en-giống-vi-adj-63C9RE9q",
"links": [
[
"alike",
"alike"
],
[
"similar",
"similar"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[zəwŋ͡m˧˦]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jəwŋ͡m˦˧˥]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jəwŋ͡m˦˥]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"vi:giống"
],
"word": "giống"
}
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese adjectives",
"Vietnamese doublets",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
"Vietnamese terms borrowed from Old Chinese",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Chinese",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Old Chinese",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese verbs",
"vi:Animals",
"vi:Plants"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "con giống"
},
{
"word": "giống cái"
},
{
"word": "giống đực"
},
{
"word": "giống loài"
},
{
"word": "giống nòi"
},
{
"word": "giống trung"
},
{
"word": "hạt giống"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*k-coːŋʔ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *k-coːŋʔ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "och",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "種",
"tr": "*k.toŋʔ"
},
"expansion": "種 (OC *k.toŋʔ)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "chủng"
},
"expansion": "chủng",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "zh",
"3": "種//",
"pos": "SV: <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"vi\">chủng</i>",
"t": "seed; species",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chinese 種 (“seed; species”, SV: chủng)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "種",
"2": "seed; species",
"3": "chủng",
"hv": "preMC",
"nocap": "y"
},
"expansion": "non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 種 (“seed; species”, SV: chủng)",
"name": "vi-etym-sino"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "chủng"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of chủng",
"name": "doublet"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "giấy"
},
"expansion": "giấy",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-vie-pro",
"2": "*k-cajʔ"
},
"expansion": "*k-cajʔ",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "紙",
"tr": "*k.teʔ"
},
"expansion": "紙 (OC *k.teʔ)",
"name": "och-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *k-coːŋʔ, from a descendant of reconstructed Old Chinese 種 (OC *k.toŋʔ) when the dental stop already palatalized; non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 種 (“seed; species”, SV: chủng). Doublet of chủng.\nThe same sound change also yields Vietnamese giấy, from Proto-Vietic *k-cajʔ, from a descendant of ultimately Old Chinese 紙 (OC *k.teʔ).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𥞖",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𥠭",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
},
{
"form": "𧀑",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "𥞖, 𥠭, 𧀑"
},
"expansion": "giống • (𥞖, 𥠭, 𧀑)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𥞖, 𥠭, 𧀑"
},
"expansion": "giống • (𥞖, 𥠭, 𧀑)",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"sense": "Taxonomy",
"word": "phân loại sinh học"
},
{
"english": "domain",
"word": "vực"
},
{
"english": "domain",
"word": "liên giới"
},
{
"english": "kingdom",
"word": "giới"
},
{
"english": "phylum",
"word": "ngành"
},
{
"tags": [
"class"
],
"word": "lớp"
},
{
"english": "order",
"word": "bộ"
},
{
"english": "family",
"word": "họ"
},
{
"english": "genus",
"word": "chi"
},
{
"english": "species",
"word": "loài"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese derogatory terms"
],
"glosses": [
"a human race"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"human race",
"human race"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually derogatory) a human race"
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"usually"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a breed"
],
"links": [
[
"breed",
"breed"
]
],
"qualifier": "animal breeding",
"raw_glosses": [
"(animal breeding) a breed"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"vi:Agriculture",
"vi:Horticulture"
],
"glosses": [
"a cultivar"
],
"links": [
[
"agriculture",
"agriculture"
],
[
"horticulture",
"horticulture"
],
[
"cultivar",
"cultivar"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(agriculture, horticulture) a cultivar"
],
"topics": [
"agriculture",
"business",
"horticulture",
"lifestyle"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples",
"vi:Grammar",
"vi:Linguistics"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "grammatical agreement (literally, “compatibility on gender and number”)",
"text": "tương hợp giống và số",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the masculine gender",
"text": "giống đực",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "the feminine gender",
"text": "giống cái",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gender"
],
"links": [
[
"grammar",
"grammar"
],
[
"linguistics",
"linguistics"
],
[
"gender",
"gender"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(grammar, linguistics) gender"
],
"topics": [
"grammar",
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"vi:Taxonomy"
],
"glosses": [
"genus"
],
"links": [
[
"taxonomy",
"taxonomy"
],
[
"genus",
"genus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(taxonomy) genus"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chi"
}
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"taxonomy"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[zəwŋ͡m˧˦]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jəwŋ͡m˦˧˥]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jəwŋ͡m˦˥]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"vi:giống"
],
"word": "giống"
}
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese adjectives",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese verbs",
"vi:Animals",
"vi:Plants"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Possibly derived from etymology 1.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𠏳",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "𠏳"
},
"expansion": "giống • (𠏳)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𠏳"
},
"expansion": "giống • (𠏳)",
"name": "vi-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to be alike, to be similar"
],
"links": [
[
"alike",
"alike"
],
[
"similar",
"similar"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[zəwŋ͡m˧˦]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jəwŋ͡m˦˧˥]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jəwŋ͡m˦˥]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"vi:giống"
],
"word": "giống"
}
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese adjectives",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Vietnamese verbs",
"vi:Animals",
"vi:Plants"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "Possibly derived from etymology 1.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "𠏳",
"tags": [
"CJK"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"head": "",
"tr": "𠏳"
},
"expansion": "giống • (𠏳)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "𠏳"
},
"expansion": "giống • (𠏳)",
"name": "vi-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"be alike, be similar"
],
"links": [
[
"alike",
"alike"
],
[
"similar",
"similar"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[zəwŋ͡m˧˦]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jəwŋ͡m˦˧˥]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[jəwŋ͡m˦˥]",
"tags": [
"Hồ-Chí-Minh-City"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"vi:giống"
],
"word": "giống"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.