"existential" meaning in All languages combined

See existential on Wiktionary

Adjective [English]

IPA: /ˌɛɡ.zɪs.ˈtɛn.ʃəl/, /ˌɛk.sɪs.ˈtɛn.ʃəl/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-existential.wav [Southern-England]
Rhymes: -ɛnʃəl Etymology: Late Latin existentialis, from existentia. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|LL.|existentialis}} Late Latin existentialis, {{m|la|existentia}} existentia Head templates: {{en-adj|-}} existential (not comparable)
  1. Of or relating to existence. Tags: not-comparable Translations (of, or relating to existence): وُجُودِيّ (wujūdiyy) (Arabic), экзістэнцыя́льны (ekzistencyjálʹny) (Belarusian), екзистенциа́лен (ekzistenciálen) (Bulgarian), existencial (Catalan), 存在性 (cúnzàixìng) (Chinese Mandarin), 有關存在的 (Chinese Mandarin), 有关存在的 (yǒuguān cúnzài de) (Chinese Mandarin), existenciální (Czech), existenční (Czech), existentieel (Dutch), ekzista (Esperanto), existentiel (French), existencial (Galician), existentiell (German), υπαρξιακός (yparxiakós) (Greek), esistenziale (Italian), 実存的な (jitsuzonteki na) (alt: じつぞんてきな) (Japanese), 실존적 (siljonjeok) (alt: 實存的) (Korean), егзистенција́лен (egzistencijálen) (Macedonian), eżistenzjali (Maltese), egzystencjalny (Polish), existencial (Portuguese), existențial (Romanian), экзистенциа́льный (ekzistɛnciálʹnyj) (Russian), е̏гзистенција̄лан [Cyrillic] (Serbo-Croatian), ȅgzistencijālan [Roman] (Serbo-Croatian), existenčný (Slovak), eksistencialen (Slovene), existencial (Spanish), varoluşsal (Turkish), egzistansiyel (Turkish), екзистенціа́льний (ekzystenciálʹnyj) (Ukrainian)
    Sense id: en-existential-en-adj-amDVZDO8 Disambiguation of 'of, or relating to existence': 78 8 1 2 10
  2. Concerning the very existence of something, especially with regard to extinction. Tags: not-comparable
    Sense id: en-existential-en-adj-PdgXGhX8 Categories (other): English terms with collocations
  3. Based on experience; empirical. Tags: not-comparable
    Sense id: en-existential-en-adj-8mMBJTzY Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 1 21 38 4 19 4 13
  4. (philosophy) Of or relating to existentialism. Tags: not-comparable Categories (topical): Philosophy Translations (philosophy: of, or relating to existentialism): 存在主義的 (Chinese Mandarin), 存在主义的 (cúnzàizhǔyì de) (Chinese Mandarin), υπαρξιστικός (yparxistikós) (Greek), existencialistický (Slovak), existencialista (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-existential-en-adj-tG5ky58L Topics: human-sciences, philosophy, sciences Disambiguation of 'philosophy: of, or relating to existentialism': 5 6 10 69 10
  5. (linguistics) Relating to part of a clause that indicates existence, e.g. "there is". Tags: not-comparable Categories (topical): Linguistics Translations (linguistics: that part of a sentence indicating existence e.g. "there is"): existencial (Spanish)
    Sense id: en-existential-en-adj-I1sS~EZM Topics: human-sciences, linguistics, sciences Disambiguation of 'linguistics: that part of a sentence indicating existence e.g. "there is"': 9 16 11 4 61
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: existential crisis, existential instantiation, existentialism, existentialist, existential nihilism, existential quantifier, existential risk, existential threat, singular existential statement Related terms: aseity, exist, existence, existent

Noun [English]

IPA: /ˌɛɡ.zɪs.ˈtɛn.ʃəl/, /ˌɛk.sɪs.ˈtɛn.ʃəl/ Audio: LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-existential.wav [Southern-England] Forms: existentials [plural]
Rhymes: -ɛnʃəl Etymology: Late Latin existentialis, from existentia. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|LL.|existentialis}} Late Latin existentialis, {{m|la|existentia}} existentia Head templates: {{en-noun}} existential (plural existentials)
  1. (linguistics) Ellipsis of existential clause. Tags: abbreviation, alt-of, ellipsis Alternative form of: existential clause Categories (topical): Linguistics
    Sense id: en-existential-en-noun-~cJkBnf7 Topics: human-sciences, linguistics, sciences
  2. (programming) Ellipsis of existential type. Tags: abbreviation, alt-of, ellipsis Alternative form of: existential type Categories (topical): Programming
    Sense id: en-existential-en-noun-86EnXPTl Topics: computing, engineering, mathematics, natural-sciences, physical-sciences, programming, sciences

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for existential meaning in All languages combined (13.8kB)

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "non-phenomenal"
    },
    {
      "word": "noumenal"
    },
    {
      "word": "non-metaphysical"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "existential crisis"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "existential instantiation"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "existentialism"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "existentialist"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "existential nihilism"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "existential quantifier"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "existential risk"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "existential threat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "singular existential statement"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "existentialis"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin existentialis",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "existentia"
      },
      "expansion": "existentia",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Late Latin existentialis, from existentia.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "existential (not comparable)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "aseity"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "exist"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "existence"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "existent"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Of or relating to existence."
      ],
      "id": "en-existential-en-adj-amDVZDO8",
      "links": [
        [
          "existence",
          "existence"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "wujūdiyy",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "وُجُودِيّ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "be",
          "lang": "Belarusian",
          "roman": "ekzistencyjálʹny",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "экзістэнцыя́льны"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "ekzistenciálen",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "екзистенциа́лен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "existencial"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "cúnzàixìng",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "存在性"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "有關存在的"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "yǒuguān cúnzài de",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "有关存在的"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "existenciální"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "existenční"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "existentieel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "ekzista"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "existentiel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "existencial"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "existentiell"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "yparxiakós",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "υπαρξιακός"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "esistenziale"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "alt": "じつぞんてきな",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "jitsuzonteki na",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "実存的な"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "alt": "實存的",
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "siljonjeok",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "실존적"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "egzistencijálen",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "егзистенција́лен"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "mt",
          "lang": "Maltese",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "eżistenzjali"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "egzystencjalny"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "existencial"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "existențial"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "ekzistɛnciálʹnyj",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "экзистенциа́льный"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic"
          ],
          "word": "е̏гзистенција̄лан"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "ȅgzistencijālan"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "existenčný"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "eksistencialen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "existencial"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "varoluşsal"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "egzistansiyel"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "78 8 1 2 10",
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "ekzystenciálʹnyj",
          "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
          "word": "екзистенціа́льний"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms with collocations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with collocations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "existential risk",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2013, J. E. Sieber, H. F. O'Neil, Jr., S. Tobias, Anxiety, Learning, and Instruction, Routledge",
          "text": "Jaspers' main concern has been with existential dread, which he regards not as a symptom of mental illness, but as a result of rejecting religious faith. He proposes that man's only way out of existential dread is through a “leap into faith” which reconciles man with himself and with God, and provides an experience of the absolute which transcends mere sense experience.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2015, James Eaton et al., “Trade-driven extinctions and near-extinctions of avian taxa in Sundaic Indonesia”, in Forktail, page 2, column 2",
          "text": "Here, therefore, we seek to assemble and assess the evidence to provide an overview of how serious trade is as an existential threat to avian taxa in Sundaic Indonesia.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2021 December 13, Molly Ball, Jeffrey Kluger, Alejandro de la Garza, “Elon Musk: Person of the Year 2021”, in Time",
          "text": "To Musk, his vast fortune is a mere side effect of his ability not just to see but to do things others cannot, in arenas where the stakes are existential.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Concerning the very existence of something, especially with regard to extinction."
      ],
      "id": "en-existential-en-adj-PdgXGhX8",
      "links": [
        [
          "existence",
          "existence"
        ],
        [
          "extinction",
          "extinction"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "1 21 38 4 19 4 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Based on experience; empirical."
      ],
      "id": "en-existential-en-adj-8mMBJTzY",
      "links": [
        [
          "experience",
          "experience"
        ],
        [
          "empirical",
          "empirical"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Philosophy",
          "orig": "en:Philosophy",
          "parents": [
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1997, Thomas Hanna, “Albert Camus: Man in Revolt”, in William Leon McBride, editor, Sartre's French Contemporaries and Enduring Influences (Sarte and Existentialism), Garland, page 356",
          "text": "Some existential thinkers are concerned with artistic expression only indirectly, that is, they are passionately interested critics and analysts of art works.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Of or relating to existentialism."
      ],
      "id": "en-existential-en-adj-tG5ky58L",
      "links": [
        [
          "philosophy",
          "philosophy"
        ],
        [
          "existentialism",
          "existentialism"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(philosophy) Of or relating to existentialism."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "philosophy",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 10 69 10",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "sense": "philosophy: of, or relating to existentialism",
          "word": "存在主義的"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 10 69 10",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "cúnzàizhǔyì de",
          "sense": "philosophy: of, or relating to existentialism",
          "word": "存在主义的"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 10 69 10",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "yparxistikós",
          "sense": "philosophy: of, or relating to existentialism",
          "word": "υπαρξιστικός"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 10 69 10",
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "philosophy: of, or relating to existentialism",
          "word": "existencialistický"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "5 6 10 69 10",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "philosophy: of, or relating to existentialism",
          "word": "existencialista"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Linguistics",
          "orig": "en:Linguistics",
          "parents": [
            "Language",
            "Social sciences",
            "Communication",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Relating to part of a clause that indicates existence, e.g. \"there is\"."
      ],
      "id": "en-existential-en-adj-I1sS~EZM",
      "links": [
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(linguistics) Relating to part of a clause that indicates existence, e.g. \"there is\"."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "9 16 11 4 61",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "linguistics: that part of a sentence indicating existence e.g. \"there is\"",
          "word": "existencial"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɛɡ.zɪs.ˈtɛn.ʃəl/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɛk.sɪs.ˈtɛn.ʃəl/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛnʃəl"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-existential.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-existential.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-existential.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-existential.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-existential.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "existential"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "existentialis"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin existentialis",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "existentia"
      },
      "expansion": "existentia",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Late Latin existentialis, from existentia.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "existentials",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "existential (plural existentials)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "existential clause"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Linguistics",
          "orig": "en:Linguistics",
          "parents": [
            "Language",
            "Social sciences",
            "Communication",
            "Sciences",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2014, Silvia Luraghi, Tuomas Huumo, Partitive Cases and Related Categories, Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, page 153",
          "text": "We argue that existentials form a radial category, with a prototype and less canonical instances, where the prototype is clearly definable but the actual borderline between existentials and other clause types is fuzzy.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Ellipsis of existential clause."
      ],
      "id": "en-existential-en-noun-~cJkBnf7",
      "links": [
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
        ],
        [
          "existential clause",
          "existential clause#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(linguistics) Ellipsis of existential clause."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "ellipsis"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "existential type"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Programming",
          "orig": "en:Programming",
          "parents": [
            "Computing",
            "Software engineering",
            "Technology",
            "Computer science",
            "Engineering",
            "Software",
            "All topics",
            "Sciences",
            "Applied sciences",
            "Media",
            "Fundamental",
            "Communication"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Coordinate term: generic"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Ellipsis of existential type."
      ],
      "id": "en-existential-en-noun-86EnXPTl",
      "links": [
        [
          "programming",
          "programming#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "existential type",
          "existential type#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(programming) Ellipsis of existential type."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "ellipsis"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "computing",
        "engineering",
        "mathematics",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "programming",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɛɡ.zɪs.ˈtɛn.ʃəl/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɛk.sɪs.ˈtɛn.ʃəl/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛnʃəl"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-existential.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-existential.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-existential.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-existential.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-existential.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "existential"
}
{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "word": "non-phenomenal"
    },
    {
      "word": "noumenal"
    },
    {
      "word": "non-metaphysical"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "English 4-syllable words",
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from Late Latin",
    "English terms derived from Late Latin",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncomparable adjectives",
    "IPA for English using .ˈ or .ˌ",
    "Requests for review of Dutch translations",
    "Requests for review of Korean translations",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛnʃəl"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "existential crisis"
    },
    {
      "word": "existential instantiation"
    },
    {
      "word": "existentialism"
    },
    {
      "word": "existentialist"
    },
    {
      "word": "existential nihilism"
    },
    {
      "word": "existential quantifier"
    },
    {
      "word": "existential risk"
    },
    {
      "word": "existential threat"
    },
    {
      "word": "singular existential statement"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "existentialis"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin existentialis",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "existentia"
      },
      "expansion": "existentia",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Late Latin existentialis, from existentia.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "existential (not comparable)",
      "name": "en-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "aseity"
    },
    {
      "word": "exist"
    },
    {
      "word": "existence"
    },
    {
      "word": "existent"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Of or relating to existence."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "existence",
          "existence"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with collocations",
        "English terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "existential risk",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2013, J. E. Sieber, H. F. O'Neil, Jr., S. Tobias, Anxiety, Learning, and Instruction, Routledge",
          "text": "Jaspers' main concern has been with existential dread, which he regards not as a symptom of mental illness, but as a result of rejecting religious faith. He proposes that man's only way out of existential dread is through a “leap into faith” which reconciles man with himself and with God, and provides an experience of the absolute which transcends mere sense experience.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2015, James Eaton et al., “Trade-driven extinctions and near-extinctions of avian taxa in Sundaic Indonesia”, in Forktail, page 2, column 2",
          "text": "Here, therefore, we seek to assemble and assess the evidence to provide an overview of how serious trade is as an existential threat to avian taxa in Sundaic Indonesia.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2021 December 13, Molly Ball, Jeffrey Kluger, Alejandro de la Garza, “Elon Musk: Person of the Year 2021”, in Time",
          "text": "To Musk, his vast fortune is a mere side effect of his ability not just to see but to do things others cannot, in arenas where the stakes are existential.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Concerning the very existence of something, especially with regard to extinction."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "existence",
          "existence"
        ],
        [
          "extinction",
          "extinction"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Based on experience; empirical."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "experience",
          "experience"
        ],
        [
          "empirical",
          "empirical"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Philosophy"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1997, Thomas Hanna, “Albert Camus: Man in Revolt”, in William Leon McBride, editor, Sartre's French Contemporaries and Enduring Influences (Sarte and Existentialism), Garland, page 356",
          "text": "Some existential thinkers are concerned with artistic expression only indirectly, that is, they are passionately interested critics and analysts of art works.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Of or relating to existentialism."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "philosophy",
          "philosophy"
        ],
        [
          "existentialism",
          "existentialism"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(philosophy) Of or relating to existentialism."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "philosophy",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Linguistics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Relating to part of a clause that indicates existence, e.g. \"there is\"."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(linguistics) Relating to part of a clause that indicates existence, e.g. \"there is\"."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "not-comparable"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɛɡ.zɪs.ˈtɛn.ʃəl/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɛk.sɪs.ˈtɛn.ʃəl/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛnʃəl"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-existential.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-existential.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-existential.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-existential.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-existential.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "wujūdiyy",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "وُجُودِيّ"
    },
    {
      "code": "be",
      "lang": "Belarusian",
      "roman": "ekzistencyjálʹny",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "экзістэнцыя́льны"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "ekzistenciálen",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "екзистенциа́лен"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "existencial"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "cúnzàixìng",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "存在性"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "有關存在的"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "yǒuguān cúnzài de",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "有关存在的"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "existenciální"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "existenční"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "existentieel"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "ekzista"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "existentiel"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "existencial"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "existentiell"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "yparxiakós",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "υπαρξιακός"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "esistenziale"
    },
    {
      "alt": "じつぞんてきな",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "jitsuzonteki na",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "実存的な"
    },
    {
      "alt": "實存的",
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "siljonjeok",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "실존적"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "egzistencijálen",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "егзистенција́лен"
    },
    {
      "code": "mt",
      "lang": "Maltese",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "eżistenzjali"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "egzystencjalny"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "existencial"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "existențial"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "ekzistɛnciálʹnyj",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "экзистенциа́льный"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "word": "е̏гзистенција̄лан"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "ȅgzistencijālan"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "existenčný"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "eksistencialen"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "existencial"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "varoluşsal"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "egzistansiyel"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "ekzystenciálʹnyj",
      "sense": "of, or relating to existence",
      "word": "екзистенціа́льний"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "sense": "philosophy: of, or relating to existentialism",
      "word": "存在主義的"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "cúnzàizhǔyì de",
      "sense": "philosophy: of, or relating to existentialism",
      "word": "存在主义的"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "yparxistikós",
      "sense": "philosophy: of, or relating to existentialism",
      "word": "υπαρξιστικός"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "philosophy: of, or relating to existentialism",
      "word": "existencialistický"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "philosophy: of, or relating to existentialism",
      "word": "existencialista"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "linguistics: that part of a sentence indicating existence e.g. \"there is\"",
      "word": "existencial"
    }
  ],
  "word": "existential"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English 4-syllable words",
    "English adjectives",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms borrowed from Late Latin",
    "English terms derived from Late Latin",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncomparable adjectives",
    "IPA for English using .ˈ or .ˌ",
    "Requests for review of Dutch translations",
    "Requests for review of Korean translations",
    "Rhymes:English/ɛnʃəl"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "LL.",
        "3": "existentialis"
      },
      "expansion": "Late Latin existentialis",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "existentia"
      },
      "expansion": "existentia",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Late Latin existentialis, from existentia.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "existentials",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "existential (plural existentials)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "existential clause"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English ellipses",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "en:Linguistics"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2014, Silvia Luraghi, Tuomas Huumo, Partitive Cases and Related Categories, Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, page 153",
          "text": "We argue that existentials form a radial category, with a prototype and less canonical instances, where the prototype is clearly definable but the actual borderline between existentials and other clause types is fuzzy.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Ellipsis of existential clause."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "linguistics",
          "linguistics"
        ],
        [
          "existential clause",
          "existential clause#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(linguistics) Ellipsis of existential clause."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "ellipsis"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "linguistics",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "alt_of": [
        {
          "word": "existential type"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "English ellipses",
        "en:Programming"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "Coordinate term: generic"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Ellipsis of existential type."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "programming",
          "programming#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "existential type",
          "existential type#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(programming) Ellipsis of existential type."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "abbreviation",
        "alt-of",
        "ellipsis"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "computing",
        "engineering",
        "mathematics",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "programming",
        "sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɛɡ.zɪs.ˈtɛn.ʃəl/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˌɛk.sɪs.ˈtɛn.ʃəl/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɛnʃəl"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-existential.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-existential.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-existential.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/60/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-existential.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-existential.wav.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-England"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (Southern England)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "existential"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.