See dureń on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "uk",
"3": "ду́рень"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Ukrainian ду́рень (dúrenʹ)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "durny",
"3": "-eń"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, durny + -eń",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ukrainian ду́рень (dúrenʹ). By surface analysis, durny + -eń.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dureń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "durnie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "durnia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "durniów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "durni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "durniowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "durniom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "durnia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "durniów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "durni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "durniem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "durniami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "durniu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "durniach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "durniu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "durnie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "dureń m pers",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"du‧reń"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dur",
"2": "ni",
"3": "durnie",
"4": "dureń",
"genp": "durniów/durni"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "56 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"addle-brain, dimwit, blockhead, dummy, moron"
],
"id": "en-dureń-pl-noun-2QxaYtVM",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"addle-brain",
"addle-brain"
],
[
"dimwit",
"dimwit"
],
[
"blockhead",
"blockhead"
],
[
"dummy",
"dummy"
],
[
"moron",
"moron"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory) addle-brain, dimwit, blockhead, dummy, moron"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "bałwan"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "baran"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "barania głowa"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "barani łeb"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "bezmózg"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "bezmózgowiec"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "bęcwał"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "cep"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "ciemniak"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "ciemnota"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "ciołek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "cymbał"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "ćwierćinteligent"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "ćwok"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "debil"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "down"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "dudek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "dureń"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "dzwoniec"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "głąb"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "głup"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "głupek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "głupiec"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "głupol"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "głuptak"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "głuptas"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "głuptasek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "idiota"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "imbecyl"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "jełop"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "kapuściana głowa"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "kiep"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "kołek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "kretyn"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "kurzy móżdżek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "matoł"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "matołek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "młot"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "młotek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "osioł"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "pacan"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "pajac"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "palant"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "pojeb"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "półgłówek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "półgłupek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "półinteligent"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "półmózg"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "przygłup"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "ptasi móżdżek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "tępak"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "tępota"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "tłuczek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "tłuk"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "tłumok"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "trep"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "tuman"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "zakuta pała"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "zakuty łeb"
}
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"masculine",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Card games",
"orig": "pl:Card games",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "22 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 68",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 74",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 67",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms suffixed with -eń",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "26 74",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Male people",
"orig": "pl:Male people",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"durak"
],
"id": "en-dureń-pl-noun-sHkJn0Po",
"links": [
[
"card game",
"card game"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(card games) durak"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
],
"topics": [
"card-games",
"games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdu.rɛɲ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-urɛɲ"
}
],
"word": "dureń"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from Ukrainian",
"Polish terms derived from Ukrainian",
"Polish terms suffixed with -eń",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/urɛɲ",
"Rhymes:Polish/urɛɲ/2 syllables",
"pl:Male people"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "uk",
"3": "ду́рень"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Ukrainian ду́рень (dúrenʹ)",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "durny",
"3": "-eń"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, durny + -eń",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Ukrainian ду́рень (dúrenʹ). By surface analysis, durny + -eń.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "dureń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "durnie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "durnia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "durniów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "durni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "durniowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "durniom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "durnia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "durniów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "durni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "durniem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "durniami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "durniu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "durniach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "durniu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "durnie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr"
},
"expansion": "dureń m pers",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"du‧reń"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dur",
"2": "ni",
"3": "durnie",
"4": "dureń",
"genp": "durniów/durni"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish derogatory terms"
],
"glosses": [
"addle-brain, dimwit, blockhead, dummy, moron"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"addle-brain",
"addle-brain"
],
[
"dimwit",
"dimwit"
],
[
"blockhead",
"blockhead"
],
[
"dummy",
"dummy"
],
[
"moron",
"moron"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory) addle-brain, dimwit, blockhead, dummy, moron"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "bałwan"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "baran"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "barania głowa"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "barani łeb"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "bezmózg"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "bezmózgowiec"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "bęcwał"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "cep"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "ciemniak"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "ciemnota"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "ciołek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "cymbał"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "ćwierćinteligent"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "ćwok"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "debil"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "down"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "dudek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "dureń"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "dzwoniec"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "głąb"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "głup"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "głupek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "głupiec"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "głupol"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "głuptak"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "głuptas"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "głuptasek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "idiota"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "imbecyl"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "jełop"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "kapuściana głowa"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "kiep"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "kołek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "kretyn"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "kurzy móżdżek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "matoł"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "matołek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "młot"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "młotek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "osioł"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "pacan"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "pajac"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "palant"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "pojeb"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "półgłówek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "półgłupek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "półinteligent"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "półmózg"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "przygłup"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "ptasi móżdżek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "tępak"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "tępota"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "tłuczek"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "tłuk"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "tłumok"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "trep"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "tuman"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "zakuta pała"
},
{
"source": "Thesaurus:głupiec",
"word": "zakuty łeb"
}
],
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"masculine",
"person"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Card games"
],
"glosses": [
"durak"
],
"links": [
[
"card game",
"card game"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(card games) durak"
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"person"
],
"topics": [
"card-games",
"games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdu.rɛɲ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-urɛɲ"
}
],
"word": "dureń"
}
Download raw JSONL data for dureń meaning in All languages combined (6.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-20 using wiktextract (a4e883e and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.