"ciemnota" meaning in All languages combined

See ciemnota on Wiktionary

Noun [Polish]

IPA: /t͡ɕɛmˈnɔ.ta/
Rhymes: -ɔta Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *temH- Proto-Balto-Slavic *tímāˀ Proto-Slavic *tьma Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Slavic *-ьnъ Proto-Slavic *tьmьnъ Old Polish ciemny Polish ciemny Proto-Balto-Slavic *-atā́ˀ Proto-Slavic *-ota Polish -ota Polish ciemnota From ciemny + -ota. Etymology templates: {{etymon|pl|af|ciemny>dark|-ota>nominal|id=backwardness|tree=1}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *temH- Proto-Balto-Slavic *tímāˀ Proto-Slavic *tьma Proto-Indo-European *-nós Proto-Slavic *-ьnъ Proto-Slavic *tьmьnъ Old Polish ciemny Polish ciemny Proto-Balto-Slavic *-atā́ˀ Proto-Slavic *-ota Polish -ota Polish ciemnota, {{af|pl|ciemny|-ota}} ciemny + -ota Head templates: {{pl-noun|f}} ciemnota f Inflection templates: {{pl-decl-noun-f|ciemno|t}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], ciemnota [nominative, singular], ciemnoty [nominative, plural], ciemnoty [genitive, singular], ciemnot [genitive, plural], ciemnocie [dative, singular], ciemnotom [dative, plural], ciemnotę [accusative, singular], ciemnoty [accusative, plural], ciemnotą [instrumental, singular], ciemnotami [instrumental, plural], ciemnocie [locative, singular], ciemnotach [locative, plural], ciemnoto [singular, vocative], ciemnoty [plural, vocative]
  1. backwardness, lack of education Tags: feminine Synonyms: zacofanie, niedouczenie
    Sense id: en-ciemnota-pl-noun-AWyr4Ypt Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Polish entries with etymology trees, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish links with manual fragments, Polish links with redundant alt parameters, Polish links with redundant wikilinks, Polish terms suffixed with -ota, Collectives Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 55 22 24 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 78 11 12 Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymology trees: 76 14 9 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 71 14 15 Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 35 24 40 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant alt parameters: 65 16 19 Disambiguation of Polish links with redundant wikilinks: 80 11 9 Disambiguation of Polish terms suffixed with -ota: 74 12 14 Disambiguation of Collectives: 56 36 8
  2. (colloquial) uneducated, backward people Tags: colloquial, feminine
    Sense id: en-ciemnota-pl-noun-aTeQFcYk Categories (other): Polish links with manual fragments, People Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 35 24 40 Disambiguation of People: 33 67 0
  3. darkness, dark (complete or partial absence of light) Tags: feminine Synonyms: ciemność, ćma, mrok
    Sense id: en-ciemnota-pl-noun-yDYVsjVb Categories (other): Polish links with manual fragments, Light Disambiguation of Polish links with manual fragments: 35 24 40 Disambiguation of Light: 8 7 84
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "af",
        "3": "ciemny>dark",
        "4": "-ota>nominal",
        "id": "backwardness",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *temH-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *tímāˀ\nProto-Slavic *tьma\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Slavic *-ьnъ\nProto-Slavic *tьmьnъ\nOld Polish ciemny\nPolish ciemny\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-atā́ˀ\nProto-Slavic *-ota\nPolish -ota\nPolish ciemnota",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "ciemny",
        "3": "-ota"
      },
      "expansion": "ciemny + -ota",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *temH-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *tímāˀ\nProto-Slavic *tьma\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Slavic *-ьnъ\nProto-Slavic *tьmьnъ\nOld Polish ciemny\nPolish ciemny\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-atā́ˀ\nProto-Slavic *-ota\nPolish -ota\nPolish ciemnota\nFrom ciemny + -ota.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnota",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnoty",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnoty",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnot",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnocie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnotom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnotę",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnoty",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnotą",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnotami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnocie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnotach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnoto",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnoty",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "ciemnota f",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ciem‧no‧ta"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ciemno",
        "2": "t"
      },
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "55 22 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "78 11 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "76 14 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "71 14 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 24 40",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "65 16 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "80 11 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "74 12 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ota",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "56 36 8",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Collectives",
          "orig": "pl:Collectives",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "backwardness, lack of education"
      ],
      "id": "en-ciemnota-pl-noun-AWyr4Ypt",
      "links": [
        [
          "backwardness",
          "backwardness"
        ],
        [
          "lack",
          "lack"
        ],
        [
          "education",
          "education"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "zacofanie"
        },
        {
          "word": "niedouczenie"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "35 24 40",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "33 67 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "People",
          "orig": "pl:People",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "uneducated, backward people"
      ],
      "id": "en-ciemnota-pl-noun-aTeQFcYk",
      "links": [
        [
          "uneducated",
          "uneducated"
        ],
        [
          "backward",
          "backward"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial) uneducated, backward people"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "35 24 40",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 7 84",
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Light",
          "orig": "pl:Light",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "darkness, dark (complete or partial absence of light)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ciemnota-pl-noun-yDYVsjVb",
      "links": [
        [
          "darkness",
          "darkness"
        ],
        [
          "dark",
          "dark"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ciemność"
        },
        {
          "word": "ćma"
        },
        {
          "word": "mrok"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕɛmˈnɔ.ta/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔta"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ciemnota"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Polish 3-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with etymology trees",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish feminine nouns",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish links with manual fragments",
    "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Polish nouns",
    "Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *temH-",
    "Polish terms suffixed with -ota",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɔta",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɔta/3 syllables",
    "pl:Collectives",
    "pl:Light",
    "pl:People"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "af",
        "3": "ciemny>dark",
        "4": "-ota>nominal",
        "id": "backwardness",
        "tree": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *temH-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *tímāˀ\nProto-Slavic *tьma\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Slavic *-ьnъ\nProto-Slavic *tьmьnъ\nOld Polish ciemny\nPolish ciemny\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-atā́ˀ\nProto-Slavic *-ota\nPolish -ota\nPolish ciemnota",
      "name": "etymon"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "ciemny",
        "3": "-ota"
      },
      "expansion": "ciemny + -ota",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *temH-\nProto-Balto-Slavic *tímāˀ\nProto-Slavic *tьma\nProto-Indo-European *-nós\nProto-Slavic *-ьnъ\nProto-Slavic *tьmьnъ\nOld Polish ciemny\nPolish ciemny\nProto-Balto-Slavic *-atā́ˀ\nProto-Slavic *-ota\nPolish -ota\nPolish ciemnota\nFrom ciemny + -ota.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnota",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnoty",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnoty",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnot",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnocie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnotom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnotę",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnoty",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnotą",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnotami",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnocie",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnotach",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnoto",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ciemnoty",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "ciemnota f",
      "name": "pl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ciem‧no‧ta"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ciemno",
        "2": "t"
      },
      "name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "backwardness, lack of education"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "backwardness",
          "backwardness"
        ],
        [
          "lack",
          "lack"
        ],
        [
          "education",
          "education"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "zacofanie"
        },
        {
          "word": "niedouczenie"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish colloquialisms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "uneducated, backward people"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "uneducated",
          "uneducated"
        ],
        [
          "backward",
          "backward"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(colloquial) uneducated, backward people"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "darkness, dark (complete or partial absence of light)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "darkness",
          "darkness"
        ],
        [
          "dark",
          "dark"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "ciemność"
        },
        {
          "word": "ćma"
        },
        {
          "word": "mrok"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡ɕɛmˈnɔ.ta/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔta"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ciemnota"
}

Download raw JSONL data for ciemnota meaning in All languages combined (4.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (89ebc88 and e74c913). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.