See duch on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "duch",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Czech duch",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "duch"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Czech duch",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dȗxъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dȗxъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*dáuṣas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *dáuṣas",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*dʰows-o-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰows-o-s",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Czech duch, from Proto-Slavic *dȗxъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dáuṣas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰows-o-s, from the root *dʰwes- (“to breathe, breath, spirit”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "duchovní",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "inanimate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "duch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ducha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "duchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "duchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duších",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duchách",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duchem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"adj": "duchovní"
},
"expansion": "duch m inan (relational adjective duchovní)",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.gena.locplích:ách"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cs",
"name": "Afterlife",
"orig": "cs:Afterlife",
"parents": [
"Death",
"Mythology",
"Philosophy",
"Religion",
"Body",
"Life",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"spirit"
],
"id": "en-duch-cs-noun-pomZrdMl",
"links": [
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈdux]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9056 (ces)-Ghost4Man-duch.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/LL-Q9056_%28ces%29-Ghost4Man-duch.wav/LL-Q9056_%28ces%29-Ghost4Man-duch.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/LL-Q9056_%28ces%29-Ghost4Man-duch.wav/LL-Q9056_%28ces%29-Ghost4Man-duch.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ux"
},
{
"homophone": "duh"
}
],
"word": "duch"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "duch",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Czech duch",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "duch"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Czech duch",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dȗxъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dȗxъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*dáuṣas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *dáuṣas",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*dʰows-o-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰows-o-s",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Czech duch, from Proto-Slavic *dȗxъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dáuṣas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰows-o-s, from the root *dʰwes- (“to breathe, breath, spirit”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "animate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "duch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ducha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duchovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ducha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "duchové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "duchovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duších",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duchách",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duchem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an"
},
"expansion": "duch m anim",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.an.nomplové.locplích:ách"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 75",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 45 28 9 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 45 27 9 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "cs",
"name": "Afterlife",
"orig": "cs:Afterlife",
"parents": [
"Death",
"Mythology",
"Philosophy",
"Religion",
"Body",
"Life",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "duchaplný"
},
{
"word": "duchovní"
},
{
"word": "jednoduchý"
},
{
"word": "slaboduchý"
},
{
"word": "slaboduch"
},
{
"word": "vydřiduch"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ghost (disembodied soul)"
],
"id": "en-duch-cs-noun-v1CcOqka",
"links": [
[
"ghost",
"ghost"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "duše"
}
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈdux]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9056 (ces)-Ghost4Man-duch.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/LL-Q9056_%28ces%29-Ghost4Man-duch.wav/LL-Q9056_%28ces%29-Ghost4Man-duch.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/LL-Q9056_%28ces%29-Ghost4Man-duch.wav/LL-Q9056_%28ces%29-Ghost4Man-duch.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ux"
},
{
"homophone": "duh"
}
],
"word": "duch"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "duchowny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "duchowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "uduchowiony"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "arystokrata ducha"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "duch miejsca"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "duchowieństwo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "duchowność"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "duchowość"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "uduchowienie"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "wołoduch"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "uduchowić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "uduchowiać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "uduchownić"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "uduchowniać"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dȗxъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dȗxъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dȗxъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dȗxъ",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dȗxъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "duszek",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "duch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ducha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duchowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ducha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duchem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "duchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml",
"dim": "duszek"
},
"expansion": "duch m animal (diminutive duszek)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"duch"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "duszny"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dech"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "dusza"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dychać"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dyszeć"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "tchnąć"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "75 9 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "86 5 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 5 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 5 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "80 10 10",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Afterlife",
"orig": "pl:Afterlife",
"parents": [
"Death",
"Mythology",
"Philosophy",
"Religion",
"Body",
"Life",
"Culture",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "49 17 34",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "pl:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [
"Fantasy",
"Mythology",
"Fiction",
"Speculative fiction",
"Culture",
"Artistic works",
"Genres",
"Society",
"Art",
"Entertainment",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Do you believe in ghosts?",
"text": "Wierzysz w duchy?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ghost (spirit appearing after death)"
],
"id": "en-duch-pl-noun-wun27m7g",
"links": [
[
"ghost",
"ghost"
]
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"spirit"
],
"id": "en-duch-pl-noun-pomZrdMl",
"links": [
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
]
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"spirit, enthusiasm for something"
],
"id": "en-duch-pl-noun-E0JAhUF-",
"links": [
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
]
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdux/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdux/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ux"
},
{
"homophone": "Duch"
}
],
"word": "duch"
}
{
"categories": [
"Czech animate nouns",
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech inanimate nouns",
"Czech lemmas",
"Czech masculine animate nouns",
"Czech masculine inanimate nouns",
"Czech masculine nouns",
"Czech nouns",
"Czech terms derived from Old Czech",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms inherited from Old Czech",
"Czech terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Czech terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Czech terms with homophones",
"Czech velar-stem masculine animate nouns",
"Czech velar-stem masculine inanimate nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Czech/ux",
"Rhymes:Czech/ux/1 syllable",
"cs:Afterlife",
"pl:Afterlife",
"pl:Mythological creatures"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "duch",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Czech duch",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "duch"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Czech duch",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dȗxъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dȗxъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*dáuṣas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *dáuṣas",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*dʰows-o-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰows-o-s",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Czech duch, from Proto-Slavic *dȗxъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dáuṣas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰows-o-s, from the root *dʰwes- (“to breathe, breath, spirit”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "duchovní",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "inanimate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "duch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ducha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "duchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "duchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duších",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duchách",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duchem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"adj": "duchovní"
},
"expansion": "duch m inan (relational adjective duchovní)",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.gena.locplích:ách"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"spirit"
],
"links": [
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈdux]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9056 (ces)-Ghost4Man-duch.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/LL-Q9056_%28ces%29-Ghost4Man-duch.wav/LL-Q9056_%28ces%29-Ghost4Man-duch.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/LL-Q9056_%28ces%29-Ghost4Man-duch.wav/LL-Q9056_%28ces%29-Ghost4Man-duch.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ux"
},
{
"homophone": "duh"
}
],
"word": "duch"
}
{
"categories": [
"Czech animate nouns",
"Czech entries with incorrect language header",
"Czech inanimate nouns",
"Czech lemmas",
"Czech masculine animate nouns",
"Czech masculine inanimate nouns",
"Czech masculine nouns",
"Czech nouns",
"Czech terms derived from Old Czech",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Czech terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms inherited from Old Czech",
"Czech terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Czech terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Czech terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Czech terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Czech terms with homophones",
"Czech velar-stem masculine animate nouns",
"Czech velar-stem masculine inanimate nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Czech/ux",
"Rhymes:Czech/ux/1 syllable",
"cs:Afterlife",
"pl:Afterlife",
"pl:Mythological creatures"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "duchaplný"
},
{
"word": "duchovní"
},
{
"word": "jednoduchý"
},
{
"word": "slaboduchý"
},
{
"word": "slaboduch"
},
{
"word": "vydřiduch"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "duch",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Czech duch",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "zlw-ocs",
"3": "duch"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Czech duch",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dȗxъ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dȗxъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "*dáuṣas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *dáuṣas",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*dʰows-o-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰows-o-s",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Czech duch, from Proto-Slavic *dȗxъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dáuṣas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰows-o-s, from the root *dʰwes- (“to breathe, breath, spirit”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "animate",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cs-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "duch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ducha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchů",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duchovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchům",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ducha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "duchové",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "duchovi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duších",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duchách",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duchem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-an"
},
"expansion": "duch m anim",
"name": "cs-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m.an.nomplové.locplích:ách"
},
"name": "cs-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Czech",
"lang_code": "cs",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "duše"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"ghost (disembodied soul)"
],
"links": [
[
"ghost",
"ghost"
]
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈdux]"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9056 (ces)-Ghost4Man-duch.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/LL-Q9056_%28ces%29-Ghost4Man-duch.wav/LL-Q9056_%28ces%29-Ghost4Man-duch.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/LL-Q9056_%28ces%29-Ghost4Man-duch.wav/LL-Q9056_%28ces%29-Ghost4Man-duch.wav.ogg"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ux"
},
{
"homophone": "duh"
}
],
"word": "duch"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ux",
"Rhymes:Polish/ux/1 syllable",
"pl:Afterlife",
"pl:Mythological creatures"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "duchowny"
},
{
"word": "duchowy"
},
{
"word": "uduchowiony"
},
{
"word": "arystokrata ducha"
},
{
"word": "duch miejsca"
},
{
"word": "duchowieństwo"
},
{
"word": "duchowność"
},
{
"word": "duchowość"
},
{
"word": "uduchowienie"
},
{
"word": "wołoduch"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "uduchowić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "uduchowiać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "uduchownić"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "uduchowniać"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": "ine-pro",
"inh": "2"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dȗxъ",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *dȗxъ",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*dȗxъ"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dȗxъ",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *dȗxъ.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "duszek",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "duch",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ducha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duchowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ducha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duchem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "duchach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "duchu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "duchy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml",
"dim": "duszek"
},
"expansion": "duch m animal (diminutive duszek)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"duch"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "duszny"
},
{
"word": "dech"
},
{
"word": "dusza"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dychać"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "dyszeć"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "tchnąć"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Do you believe in ghosts?",
"text": "Wierzysz w duchy?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ghost (spirit appearing after death)"
],
"links": [
[
"ghost",
"ghost"
]
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"spirit"
],
"links": [
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
]
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"spirit, enthusiasm for something"
],
"links": [
[
"spirit",
"spirit"
]
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdux/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈdux/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ux"
},
{
"homophone": "Duch"
}
],
"word": "duch"
}
Download raw JSONL data for duch meaning in All languages combined (12.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.