See drugą on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for drugą meaning in All languages combined (4.7kB)
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "numeral form"
},
"expansion": "drugą",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"dru‧gą"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "num",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "drugi"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feminine accusative/instrumental singular of drugi"
],
"id": "en-drugą-pl-num-5u8rhBIN",
"links": [
[
"drugi",
"drugi#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdru.ɡɔw̃/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uɡɔw̃"
}
],
"word": "drugą"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*drog"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *drog\nOld Frisian: *droch\nNorth Frisian: drōch\nSaterland Frisian: Drog m\nOld Saxon: *drog\nMiddle Low German: droch\nWestphalian:\nSuerländer-Märkisch: Drǫg\nOld Dutch: *drog\nMiddle Dutch: droch\n⇒ Dutch: drogreden\n⇒ Dutch: droggrond\n⇒ Dutch: droglicht\nOld High German: *trug, *trog\nMiddle High German: truc, troc m\nGerman: Trug",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *drog\nOld Frisian: *droch\nNorth Frisian: drōch\nSaterland Frisian: Drog m\nOld Saxon: *drog\nMiddle Low German: droch\nWestphalian:\nSuerländer-Märkisch: Drǫg\nOld Dutch: *drog\nMiddle Dutch: droch\n⇒ Dutch: drogreden\n⇒ Dutch: droggrond\n⇒ Dutch: droglicht\nOld High German: *trug, *trog\nMiddle High German: truc, troc m\nGerman: Trug"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰrewgʰ-",
"id": "deceive"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*dʰrugʰ-o-m"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰrugʰ-o-m",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*dʰréwk-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és"
},
"expansion": "*dʰréwk-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰrewgʰ-",
"3": "*-s",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to deceive"
},
"expansion": "*dʰrewgʰ- (“to deceive”) + *-s",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*dʰrúkš",
"t": "lie, deceit"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰrúkš (“lie, deceit”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*drukos",
"t": "bad"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *drukos (“bad”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dʰrugʰ-o-m, thematicized from *dʰréwk-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és, from *dʰrewgʰ- (“to deceive”) + *-s. Cognate with Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰrúkš (“lie, deceit”), and perhaps Proto-Celtic *drukos (“bad”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "drugą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drugō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drugą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "drugō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "drugą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drugō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drugas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drugis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drugǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drugai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drugamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drugō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drugamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/drugą",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "West Proto-Germanic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"deception, delusion"
],
"id": "en-drugą-gem-pro-noun-kjSzlNL2",
"links": [
[
"deception",
"deception"
],
[
"delusion",
"delusion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(West Germanic) deception, delusion"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "dreuganą"
},
{
"word": "draugaz"
}
],
"tags": [
"Germanic",
"West",
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdru.ɣɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "drugą"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "numeral form"
},
"expansion": "drugą",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"dru‧gą"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "num",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish numeral forms",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/uɡɔw̃",
"Rhymes:Polish/uɡɔw̃/2 syllables"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "drugi"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feminine accusative/instrumental singular of drugi"
],
"links": [
[
"drugi",
"drugi#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdru.ɡɔw̃/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uɡɔw̃"
}
],
"word": "drugą"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*drog"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *drog\nOld Frisian: *droch\nNorth Frisian: drōch\nSaterland Frisian: Drog m\nOld Saxon: *drog\nMiddle Low German: droch\nWestphalian:\nSuerländer-Märkisch: Drǫg\nOld Dutch: *drog\nMiddle Dutch: droch\n⇒ Dutch: drogreden\n⇒ Dutch: droggrond\n⇒ Dutch: droglicht\nOld High German: *trug, *trog\nMiddle High German: truc, troc m\nGerman: Trug",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *drog\nOld Frisian: *droch\nNorth Frisian: drōch\nSaterland Frisian: Drog m\nOld Saxon: *drog\nMiddle Low German: droch\nWestphalian:\nSuerländer-Märkisch: Drǫg\nOld Dutch: *drog\nMiddle Dutch: droch\n⇒ Dutch: drogreden\n⇒ Dutch: droggrond\n⇒ Dutch: droglicht\nOld High German: *trug, *trog\nMiddle High German: truc, troc m\nGerman: Trug"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dʰrewgʰ-",
"id": "deceive"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*dʰrugʰ-o-m"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰrugʰ-o-m",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*dʰréwk-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és"
},
"expansion": "*dʰréwk-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*dʰrewgʰ-",
"3": "*-s",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "to deceive"
},
"expansion": "*dʰrewgʰ- (“to deceive”) + *-s",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*dʰrúkš",
"t": "lie, deceit"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰrúkš (“lie, deceit”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*drukos",
"t": "bad"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *drukos (“bad”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *dʰrugʰ-o-m, thematicized from *dʰréwk-s ~ *dʰrugʰ-és, from *dʰrewgʰ- (“to deceive”) + *-s. Cognate with Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰrúkš (“lie, deceit”), and perhaps Proto-Celtic *drukos (“bad”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "drugą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drugō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drugą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "drugō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "drugą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drugō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drugas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drugis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drugǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drugai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drugamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "drugō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "drugamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/drugą",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "dreuganą"
},
{
"word": "draugaz"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰrewgʰ- (deceive)",
"Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"West Proto-Germanic",
"gmw-pro:Deception",
"gmw-pro:Perception"
],
"glosses": [
"deception, delusion"
],
"links": [
[
"deception",
"deception"
],
[
"delusion",
"delusion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(West Germanic) deception, delusion"
],
"tags": [
"Germanic",
"West",
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈdru.ɣɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "drugą"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.