See draconian on Wiktionary
{ "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "Dracō" }, "expansion": "Latin Dracō", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "", "3": "ian" }, "expansion": "+ -ian", "name": "suffix" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "grc", "3": "Δράκων" }, "expansion": "Ancient Greek Δράκων (Drákōn)", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "From Latin Dracō (stem Dracōn-) + -ian, from Ancient Greek Δράκων (Drákōn), after the Athenian lawmaker Draco, known for making harsh laws. See δράκων (drákōn, “dragon”).", "forms": [ { "form": "more draconian", "tags": [ "comparative" ] }, { "form": "most draconian", "tags": [ "superlative" ] }, { "form": "Draconian", "tags": [ "alternative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "draconian (comparative more draconian, superlative most draconian)", "name": "en-adj" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "51 43 5", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "49 41 10", "kind": "other", "name": "English terms suffixed with -ian", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "69 25 6", "kind": "other", "name": "Entries with translation boxes", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "50 43 7", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "51 45 4", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Arabic translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Armenian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Catalan translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Czech translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Dutch translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Esperanto translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "59 35 6", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Finnish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with French translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Galician translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with German translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Greek translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Hungarian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "56 39 5", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Ido translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Irish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Italian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Korean translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "52 36 12", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Macedonian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Mandarin translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Polish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Portuguese translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "60 34 6", "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Russian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Spanish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Swedish translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "derived": [ { "word": "draconianism" }, { "word": "draconianly" } ], "examples": [ { "bold_text_offsets": [ [ 20, 29 ] ], "text": "The mayor announced draconian budget cuts today.", "type": "example" }, { "bold_text_offsets": [ [ 55, 64 ] ], "ref": "2009, Stuart Macintyre, A Concise History of Australia, page 125:", "text": "The conflict in the countryside resulted in a far more draconian punishment. The Southern Cross flag flew over the camps of striking shearers, who in revenge for their victimisation burned grass, fences, buildings and even riverboats[…]", "type": "quote" }, { "bold_text_offsets": [ [ 50, 59 ] ], "ref": "2020 April 8, Howard Johnston, “East-ended? When the ECML was at risk”, in Rail, page 65:", "text": "Perhaps lessons had already been learned from the Draconian infrastructure cuts on the Waterloo-Exeter route.", "type": "quote" }, { "bold_text_offsets": [ [ 84, 93 ] ], "ref": "2023 May 8, Jonathan Head, “Thailand election: The young radicals shaking up politics”, in BBC News (World):", "text": "And that movement, while it was eventually crushed through the extensive use of the draconian lese majeste law, shattered the taboo, by calling openly, for the first time, for the powers and financing of the monarchy to be accountable.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Very severe, cruel, or harsh." ], "id": "en-draconian-en-adj-sVMPzOAP", "links": [ [ "Very", "very" ], [ "severe", "severe" ], [ "cruel", "cruel" ], [ "harsh", "harsh" ] ], "related": [ { "word": "Draconian" }, { "english": "of or relating to Draco", "word": "Drakonian" } ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "draconic" }, { "word": "draconical" }, { "word": "Orwellian" }, { "word": "rigid" }, { "word": "rigorous" }, { "word": "strict" }, { "word": "stringent" } ], "translations": [ { "code": "af", "lang": "Afrikaans", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "drakonies" }, { "code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "šadīd al-quswa", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "شَدِيد الْقُسْوَة" }, { "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "drakonyan", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "դրակոնյան" }, { "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "drakonovski", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "драконовски" }, { "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "draconià" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "嚴苛的 /严苛的" }, { "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "drakonický" }, { "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "draconisch" }, { "code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "drakona" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "erittäin ankara" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "drakoninen" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "draconien" }, { "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "draconiano" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "drakonisch" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "drastisch" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "entschieden" }, { "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "drakónteios", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "δρακόντειος" }, { "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "drákói" }, { "code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "drakonala" }, { "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "danartha" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "draconiano" }, { "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "eomgyeokhada", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "엄격(嚴格)하다" }, { "code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "drakonski", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "драконски" }, { "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "drakoński" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "draconiano" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "drakónovskij", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "драко́новский" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "draconiano" }, { "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "drakonisk" }, { "code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "drakónivsʹkyj", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "драко́нівський" } ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/dɹəˈkəʊ.ni.ən/", "tags": [ "UK" ] }, { "ipa": "/dɹækˈəʊ.ni.ən/", "tags": [ "UK" ] }, { "enpr": "drā-kō'ni-ən", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "enpr": "drə-", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "ipa": "/dɹeɪˈkoʊ.ni.ən/", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "ipa": "/dɹəˈkoʊ.ni.ən/", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "audio": "en-us-draconian+.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/En-us-draconian%2B.ogg/En-us-draconian%2B.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/En-us-draconian%2B.ogg" }, { "audio": "en-us-draconian.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/En-us-draconian.ogg/En-us-draconian.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/En-us-draconian.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-əʊniən" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Draco (lawgiver)" ], "word": "draconian" } { "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "dracō", "4": "", "5": "dragon" }, "expansion": "Latin dracō (“dragon”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "", "3": "ian" }, "expansion": "+ -ian", "name": "suffix" } ], "etymology_text": "From Latin dracō (“dragon”) (stem dracōn-) + -ian.", "forms": [ { "form": "more draconian", "tags": [ "comparative" ] }, { "form": "most draconian", "tags": [ "superlative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "draconian (comparative more draconian, superlative most draconian)", "name": "en-adj" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "_dis": "51 43 5", "kind": "other", "name": "English entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "49 41 10", "kind": "other", "name": "English terms suffixed with -ian", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "50 43 7", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "51 45 4", "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "32 52 16", "kind": "other", "langcode": "en", "name": "Dragons", "orig": "en:Dragons", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "bold_text_offsets": [ [ 61, 70 ] ], "ref": "2006, Steven Erikson, Deadhouse Gates, Book Two, →ISBN, page 384:", "text": "The dragon came low to the earth. It defied every image of a draconian being Kulp had ever seen.", "type": "quote" }, { "bold_text_offsets": [ [ 73, 82 ] ], "ref": "2009, Jacob Silvia, Qhoenix, page 73:", "text": "A large sandwyrm (which isn't to be confused with a sandworm) popped its draconian head from the earth.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Of or resembling a dragon." ], "id": "en-draconian-en-adj-wwlq3KQy", "links": [ [ "dragon", "dragon" ] ], "qualifier": "except in fiction", "raw_glosses": [ "(obsolete, except in fiction) Of or resembling a dragon." ], "synonyms": [ { "sense": "resembling a dragon", "word": "draconic" }, { "sense": "resembling a dragon", "word": "draconine" }, { "sense": "resembling a dragon", "word": "dragonish" }, { "sense": "resembling a dragon", "word": "dragonlike" }, { "sense": "resembling a dragon", "word": "dragony" } ], "tags": [ "obsolete" ], "translations": [ { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "of or resembling a dragon", "word": "lohikäärmemäinen" }, { "code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "of or resembling a dragon", "word": "drakala" }, { "code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "zmejski", "sense": "of or resembling a dragon", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "змејски" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "drakónij", "sense": "of or resembling a dragon", "word": "драко́ний" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "drakónovskij", "sense": "of or resembling a dragon", "word": "драко́новский" } ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/dɹəˈkəʊ.ni.ən/", "tags": [ "UK" ] }, { "ipa": "/dɹækˈəʊ.ni.ən/", "tags": [ "UK" ] }, { "enpr": "drā-kō'ni-ən", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "enpr": "drə-", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "ipa": "/dɹeɪˈkoʊ.ni.ən/", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "ipa": "/dɹəˈkoʊ.ni.ən/", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "audio": "en-us-draconian+.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/En-us-draconian%2B.ogg/En-us-draconian%2B.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/En-us-draconian%2B.ogg" }, { "audio": "en-us-draconian.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/En-us-draconian.ogg/En-us-draconian.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/En-us-draconian.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-əʊniən" } ], "word": "draconian" } { "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "dracō", "4": "", "5": "dragon" }, "expansion": "Latin dracō (“dragon”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "", "3": "ian" }, "expansion": "+ -ian", "name": "suffix" } ], "etymology_text": "From Latin dracō (“dragon”) (stem dracōn-) + -ian.", "forms": [ { "form": "draconians", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "draconian (plural draconians)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "langcode": "en", "name": "Fiction", "orig": "en:Fiction", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "_dis": "20 18 62", "kind": "other", "langcode": "en", "name": "Criminal law", "orig": "en:Criminal law", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" }, { "_dis": "3 2 95", "kind": "other", "langcode": "en", "name": "Law", "orig": "en:Law", "parents": [], "source": "w+disamb" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "(Can we date this quote?), Miranda Martin, Draconians Queen, Looking Glass Publications INC:", "text": "... Draconians are fast. They'll fly to meet us no doubt. I remember after a few moments that the human queen is here as well. I call out to her, “Human queen, you are rescued by the Draconians. Come forth and know that you are safe under[…]", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2021 August 31, Miranda Martin, Draconians Shared Bride, Looking Glass Publications INC:", "text": "... Draconians keep for pets . Vithacan - Symbionts that attach themselves to other creatures and survive off their emotional energy . Soul suckers is a disrespectful term for their race . Zelerians Race of squid like creatures with few[…]", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2006, Margaret Weis, Tracy Hickman, Dragonlance Chronicles, →ISBN:", "text": "... draconians lifted the webbed bodies of the kender's friends and bore them away . Other draconians followed behind , carrying the companions ' packs and their weapons . As the draconians marched along a path very near the hidden kender[…]", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A creature resembling a dragon." ], "id": "en-draconian-en-noun-~ePTHEEQ", "links": [ [ "fiction", "fiction" ], [ "dragon", "dragon" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(fiction) A creature resembling a dragon." ], "topics": [ "fiction", "literature", "media", "publishing" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/dɹəˈkəʊ.ni.ən/", "tags": [ "UK" ] }, { "ipa": "/dɹækˈəʊ.ni.ən/", "tags": [ "UK" ] }, { "enpr": "drā-kō'ni-ən", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "enpr": "drə-", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "ipa": "/dɹeɪˈkoʊ.ni.ən/", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "ipa": "/dɹəˈkoʊ.ni.ən/", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "audio": "en-us-draconian+.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/En-us-draconian%2B.ogg/En-us-draconian%2B.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/En-us-draconian%2B.ogg" }, { "audio": "en-us-draconian.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/En-us-draconian.ogg/En-us-draconian.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/En-us-draconian.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-əʊniən" } ], "word": "draconian" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ro", "2": "fr", "3": "draconien" }, "expansion": "Borrowed from French draconien", "name": "bor+" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French draconien.", "forms": [ { "form": "draconiană", "tags": [ "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draconieni", "tags": [ "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "draconiene", "tags": [ "feminine", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "ro-decl-adj", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "draconian", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form", "indefinite", "masculine", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draconiană", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form", "feminine", "indefinite", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draconieni", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form", "indefinite", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draconiene", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form", "feminine", "indefinite", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "draconianul", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "error-unrecognized-form", "masculine", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draconiana", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "error-unrecognized-form", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draconienii", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "error-unrecognized-form", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draconienele", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "error-unrecognized-form", "feminine", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "draconiene", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form", "feminine", "indefinite", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draconianului", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "error-unrecognized-form", "masculine", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draconienei", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "error-unrecognized-form", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draconienilor", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "error-unrecognized-form", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draconienelor", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "error-unrecognized-form", "feminine", "neuter", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "draconian m or n (feminine singular draconiană, masculine plural draconieni, feminine and neuter plural draconiene)", "name": "ro-adj" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "ro-decl-adj" } ], "lang": "Romanian", "lang_code": "ro", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with 2 entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Pages with entries", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "draconian" ], "id": "en-draconian-ro-adj-QA37BfAU", "links": [ [ "draconian", "draconian#English" ] ], "tags": [ "masculine", "neuter" ] } ], "word": "draconian" }
{ "categories": [ "English adjectives", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English eponyms", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Ancient Greek", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms suffixed with -ian", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/əʊniən", "Rhymes:English/əʊniən/4 syllables", "Terms with Afrikaans translations", "Terms with Arabic translations", "Terms with Armenian translations", "Terms with Bulgarian translations", "Terms with Catalan translations", "Terms with Czech translations", "Terms with Dutch translations", "Terms with Esperanto translations", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with French translations", "Terms with Galician translations", "Terms with German translations", "Terms with Greek translations", "Terms with Hungarian translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Irish translations", "Terms with Italian translations", "Terms with Korean translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Mandarin translations", "Terms with Polish translations", "Terms with Portuguese translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "Terms with Spanish translations", "Terms with Swedish translations", "Terms with Ukrainian translations", "en:Criminal law", "en:Dragons", "en:Law" ], "derived": [ { "word": "draconianism" }, { "word": "draconianly" } ], "etymology_number": 1, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "Dracō" }, "expansion": "Latin Dracō", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "", "3": "ian" }, "expansion": "+ -ian", "name": "suffix" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "grc", "3": "Δράκων" }, "expansion": "Ancient Greek Δράκων (Drákōn)", "name": "der" } ], "etymology_text": "From Latin Dracō (stem Dracōn-) + -ian, from Ancient Greek Δράκων (Drákōn), after the Athenian lawmaker Draco, known for making harsh laws. See δράκων (drákōn, “dragon”).", "forms": [ { "form": "more draconian", "tags": [ "comparative" ] }, { "form": "most draconian", "tags": [ "superlative" ] }, { "form": "Draconian", "tags": [ "alternative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "draconian (comparative more draconian, superlative most draconian)", "name": "en-adj" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "related": [ { "word": "Draconian" }, { "english": "of or relating to Draco", "word": "Drakonian" } ], "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations", "English terms with usage examples", "Quotation templates to be cleaned" ], "examples": [ { "bold_text_offsets": [ [ 20, 29 ] ], "text": "The mayor announced draconian budget cuts today.", "type": "example" }, { "bold_text_offsets": [ [ 55, 64 ] ], "ref": "2009, Stuart Macintyre, A Concise History of Australia, page 125:", "text": "The conflict in the countryside resulted in a far more draconian punishment. The Southern Cross flag flew over the camps of striking shearers, who in revenge for their victimisation burned grass, fences, buildings and even riverboats[…]", "type": "quote" }, { "bold_text_offsets": [ [ 50, 59 ] ], "ref": "2020 April 8, Howard Johnston, “East-ended? When the ECML was at risk”, in Rail, page 65:", "text": "Perhaps lessons had already been learned from the Draconian infrastructure cuts on the Waterloo-Exeter route.", "type": "quote" }, { "bold_text_offsets": [ [ 84, 93 ] ], "ref": "2023 May 8, Jonathan Head, “Thailand election: The young radicals shaking up politics”, in BBC News (World):", "text": "And that movement, while it was eventually crushed through the extensive use of the draconian lese majeste law, shattered the taboo, by calling openly, for the first time, for the powers and financing of the monarchy to be accountable.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Very severe, cruel, or harsh." ], "links": [ [ "Very", "very" ], [ "severe", "severe" ], [ "cruel", "cruel" ], [ "harsh", "harsh" ] ], "synonyms": [ { "word": "draconic" }, { "word": "draconical" }, { "word": "Orwellian" }, { "word": "rigid" }, { "word": "rigorous" }, { "word": "strict" }, { "word": "stringent" } ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/dɹəˈkəʊ.ni.ən/", "tags": [ "UK" ] }, { "ipa": "/dɹækˈəʊ.ni.ən/", "tags": [ "UK" ] }, { "enpr": "drā-kō'ni-ən", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "enpr": "drə-", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "ipa": "/dɹeɪˈkoʊ.ni.ən/", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "ipa": "/dɹəˈkoʊ.ni.ən/", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "audio": "en-us-draconian+.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/En-us-draconian%2B.ogg/En-us-draconian%2B.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/En-us-draconian%2B.ogg" }, { "audio": "en-us-draconian.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/En-us-draconian.ogg/En-us-draconian.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/En-us-draconian.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-əʊniən" } ], "translations": [ { "code": "af", "lang": "Afrikaans", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "drakonies" }, { "code": "ar", "lang": "Arabic", "roman": "šadīd al-quswa", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "شَدِيد الْقُسْوَة" }, { "code": "hy", "lang": "Armenian", "roman": "drakonyan", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "դրակոնյան" }, { "code": "bg", "lang": "Bulgarian", "roman": "drakonovski", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "драконовски" }, { "code": "ca", "lang": "Catalan", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "draconià" }, { "code": "cmn", "lang": "Chinese Mandarin", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "嚴苛的 /严苛的" }, { "code": "cs", "lang": "Czech", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "drakonický" }, { "code": "nl", "lang": "Dutch", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "draconisch" }, { "code": "eo", "lang": "Esperanto", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "drakona" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "erittäin ankara" }, { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "drakoninen" }, { "code": "fr", "lang": "French", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "draconien" }, { "code": "gl", "lang": "Galician", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "draconiano" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "drakonisch" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "drastisch" }, { "code": "de", "lang": "German", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "entschieden" }, { "code": "el", "lang": "Greek", "roman": "drakónteios", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "δρακόντειος" }, { "code": "hu", "lang": "Hungarian", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "drákói" }, { "code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "drakonala" }, { "code": "ga", "lang": "Irish", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "danartha" }, { "code": "it", "lang": "Italian", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "draconiano" }, { "code": "ko", "lang": "Korean", "roman": "eomgyeokhada", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "엄격(嚴格)하다" }, { "code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "drakonski", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "драконски" }, { "code": "pl", "lang": "Polish", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "drakoński" }, { "code": "pt", "lang": "Portuguese", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "draconiano" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "drakónovskij", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "драко́новский" }, { "code": "es", "lang": "Spanish", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "draconiano" }, { "code": "sv", "lang": "Swedish", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "drakonisk" }, { "code": "uk", "lang": "Ukrainian", "roman": "drakónivsʹkyj", "sense": "severe, oppressive or strict", "word": "драко́нівський" } ], "wikipedia": [ "Draco (lawgiver)" ], "word": "draconian" } { "categories": [ "English adjectives", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English eponyms", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms suffixed with -ian", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/əʊniən", "Rhymes:English/əʊniən/4 syllables", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "en:Criminal law", "en:Dragons", "en:Law" ], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "dracō", "4": "", "5": "dragon" }, "expansion": "Latin dracō (“dragon”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "", "3": "ian" }, "expansion": "+ -ian", "name": "suffix" } ], "etymology_text": "From Latin dracō (“dragon”) (stem dracōn-) + -ian.", "forms": [ { "form": "more draconian", "tags": [ "comparative" ] }, { "form": "most draconian", "tags": [ "superlative" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "draconian (comparative more draconian, superlative most draconian)", "name": "en-adj" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English terms with obsolete senses", "English terms with quotations", "Quotation templates to be cleaned" ], "examples": [ { "bold_text_offsets": [ [ 61, 70 ] ], "ref": "2006, Steven Erikson, Deadhouse Gates, Book Two, →ISBN, page 384:", "text": "The dragon came low to the earth. It defied every image of a draconian being Kulp had ever seen.", "type": "quote" }, { "bold_text_offsets": [ [ 73, 82 ] ], "ref": "2009, Jacob Silvia, Qhoenix, page 73:", "text": "A large sandwyrm (which isn't to be confused with a sandworm) popped its draconian head from the earth.", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "Of or resembling a dragon." ], "links": [ [ "dragon", "dragon" ] ], "qualifier": "except in fiction", "raw_glosses": [ "(obsolete, except in fiction) Of or resembling a dragon." ], "tags": [ "obsolete" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/dɹəˈkəʊ.ni.ən/", "tags": [ "UK" ] }, { "ipa": "/dɹækˈəʊ.ni.ən/", "tags": [ "UK" ] }, { "enpr": "drā-kō'ni-ən", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "enpr": "drə-", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "ipa": "/dɹeɪˈkoʊ.ni.ən/", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "ipa": "/dɹəˈkoʊ.ni.ən/", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "audio": "en-us-draconian+.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/En-us-draconian%2B.ogg/En-us-draconian%2B.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/En-us-draconian%2B.ogg" }, { "audio": "en-us-draconian.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/En-us-draconian.ogg/En-us-draconian.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/En-us-draconian.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-əʊniən" } ], "synonyms": [ { "sense": "resembling a dragon", "word": "draconic" }, { "sense": "resembling a dragon", "word": "draconine" }, { "sense": "resembling a dragon", "word": "dragonish" }, { "sense": "resembling a dragon", "word": "dragonlike" }, { "sense": "resembling a dragon", "word": "dragony" } ], "translations": [ { "code": "fi", "lang": "Finnish", "sense": "of or resembling a dragon", "word": "lohikäärmemäinen" }, { "code": "io", "lang": "Ido", "sense": "of or resembling a dragon", "word": "drakala" }, { "code": "mk", "lang": "Macedonian", "roman": "zmejski", "sense": "of or resembling a dragon", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "змејски" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "drakónij", "sense": "of or resembling a dragon", "word": "драко́ний" }, { "code": "ru", "lang": "Russian", "roman": "drakónovskij", "sense": "of or resembling a dragon", "word": "драко́новский" } ], "word": "draconian" } { "categories": [ "English adjectives", "English countable nouns", "English entries with incorrect language header", "English eponyms", "English lemmas", "English nouns", "English terms derived from Latin", "English terms suffixed with -ian", "Entries with translation boxes", "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "Rhymes:English/əʊniən", "Rhymes:English/əʊniən/4 syllables", "Terms with Finnish translations", "Terms with Ido translations", "Terms with Macedonian translations", "Terms with Russian translations", "en:Criminal law", "en:Dragons", "en:Law" ], "etymology_number": 2, "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "la", "3": "dracō", "4": "", "5": "dragon" }, "expansion": "Latin dracō (“dragon”)", "name": "der" }, { "args": { "1": "en", "2": "", "3": "ian" }, "expansion": "+ -ian", "name": "suffix" } ], "etymology_text": "From Latin dracō (“dragon”) (stem dracōn-) + -ian.", "forms": [ { "form": "draconians", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "draconian (plural draconians)", "name": "en-noun" } ], "lang": "English", "lang_code": "en", "pos": "noun", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "English terms with quotations", "Requests for date", "en:Fiction" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "(Can we date this quote?), Miranda Martin, Draconians Queen, Looking Glass Publications INC:", "text": "... Draconians are fast. They'll fly to meet us no doubt. I remember after a few moments that the human queen is here as well. I call out to her, “Human queen, you are rescued by the Draconians. Come forth and know that you are safe under[…]", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2021 August 31, Miranda Martin, Draconians Shared Bride, Looking Glass Publications INC:", "text": "... Draconians keep for pets . Vithacan - Symbionts that attach themselves to other creatures and survive off their emotional energy . Soul suckers is a disrespectful term for their race . Zelerians Race of squid like creatures with few[…]", "type": "quote" }, { "ref": "2006, Margaret Weis, Tracy Hickman, Dragonlance Chronicles, →ISBN:", "text": "... draconians lifted the webbed bodies of the kender's friends and bore them away . Other draconians followed behind , carrying the companions ' packs and their weapons . As the draconians marched along a path very near the hidden kender[…]", "type": "quote" } ], "glosses": [ "A creature resembling a dragon." ], "links": [ [ "fiction", "fiction" ], [ "dragon", "dragon" ] ], "raw_glosses": [ "(fiction) A creature resembling a dragon." ], "topics": [ "fiction", "literature", "media", "publishing" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "/dɹəˈkəʊ.ni.ən/", "tags": [ "UK" ] }, { "ipa": "/dɹækˈəʊ.ni.ən/", "tags": [ "UK" ] }, { "enpr": "drā-kō'ni-ən", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "enpr": "drə-", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "ipa": "/dɹeɪˈkoʊ.ni.ən/", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "ipa": "/dɹəˈkoʊ.ni.ən/", "tags": [ "US" ] }, { "audio": "en-us-draconian+.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/En-us-draconian%2B.ogg/En-us-draconian%2B.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/48/En-us-draconian%2B.ogg" }, { "audio": "en-us-draconian.ogg", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/En-us-draconian.ogg/En-us-draconian.ogg.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/08/En-us-draconian.ogg" }, { "rhymes": "-əʊniən" } ], "word": "draconian" } { "etymology_templates": [ { "args": { "1": "ro", "2": "fr", "3": "draconien" }, "expansion": "Borrowed from French draconien", "name": "bor+" } ], "etymology_text": "Borrowed from French draconien.", "forms": [ { "form": "draconiană", "tags": [ "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draconieni", "tags": [ "masculine", "plural" ] }, { "form": "draconiene", "tags": [ "feminine", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "no-table-tags", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "table-tags" ] }, { "form": "ro-decl-adj", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "inflection-template" ] }, { "form": "draconian", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form", "indefinite", "masculine", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draconiană", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form", "feminine", "indefinite", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draconieni", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form", "indefinite", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draconiene", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form", "feminine", "indefinite", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "draconianul", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "error-unrecognized-form", "masculine", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draconiana", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "error-unrecognized-form", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draconienii", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "error-unrecognized-form", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draconienele", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "error-unrecognized-form", "feminine", "neuter", "plural" ] }, { "form": "draconiene", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "error-unrecognized-form", "feminine", "indefinite", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draconianului", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "error-unrecognized-form", "masculine", "neuter", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draconienei", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "error-unrecognized-form", "feminine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draconienilor", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "error-unrecognized-form", "masculine", "singular" ] }, { "form": "draconienelor", "source": "declension", "tags": [ "definite", "error-unrecognized-form", "feminine", "neuter", "plural" ] } ], "head_templates": [ { "args": {}, "expansion": "draconian m or n (feminine singular draconiană, masculine plural draconieni, feminine and neuter plural draconiene)", "name": "ro-adj" } ], "inflection_templates": [ { "args": {}, "name": "ro-decl-adj" } ], "lang": "Romanian", "lang_code": "ro", "pos": "adj", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Pages with 2 entries", "Pages with entries", "Romanian adjectives", "Romanian entries with incorrect language header", "Romanian lemmas", "Romanian terms borrowed from French", "Romanian terms derived from French" ], "glosses": [ "draconian" ], "links": [ [ "draconian", "draconian#English" ] ], "tags": [ "masculine", "neuter" ] } ], "word": "draconian" }
Download raw JSONL data for draconian meaning in All languages combined (17.8kB)
{ "called_from": "inflection/735", "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nominative- accusative'", "path": [ "draconian" ], "section": "Romanian", "subsection": "adjective", "title": "draconian", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "inflection/735", "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'nominative- accusative'", "path": [ "draconian" ], "section": "Romanian", "subsection": "adjective", "title": "draconian", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "inflection/735", "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive- dative'", "path": [ "draconian" ], "section": "Romanian", "subsection": "adjective", "title": "draconian", "trace": "" } { "called_from": "inflection/735", "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'genitive- dative'", "path": [ "draconian" ], "section": "Romanian", "subsection": "adjective", "title": "draconian", "trace": "" }
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (89ebc88 and e74c913). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.