"custos" meaning in All languages combined

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "custos regni"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "custos rotulorum"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "custōs"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin custōs",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin custōs.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "custodes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "custodes"
      },
      "expansion": "custos (plural custodes)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "c. 1530, John Rastell, The Pastyme of People: The Cronycles of Dyuers Realmys, London",
          "text": "[…] they were commytted to prison & put out of theyr offyces & the Constable of the Towre made custos of the citye.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1803, Robert Charles Dallas, The History of the Maroons, London: Longman and Rees, Volume 1, Letter 5, p. 148",
          "text": "Mr. Tharp, the Custos of the parish, and several other gentlement, accompanied the corps.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A warden."
      ],
      "id": "en-custos-en-noun-Gr43ttje",
      "links": [
        [
          "warden",
          "warden"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) A warden."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Roman Catholicism",
          "orig": "en:Roman Catholicism",
          "parents": [
            "Catholicism",
            "Christianity",
            "Abrahamism",
            "Religion",
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A monastic superior, who, under the general of his order, has the direction of all the religious houses of the same fraternity in a given district, called a custody of the order."
      ],
      "id": "en-custos-en-noun-X6sdkeC8",
      "links": [
        [
          "Roman Catholicism",
          "Roman Catholicism"
        ],
        [
          "custody",
          "custody"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Roman Catholicism) A monastic superior, who, under the general of his order, has the direction of all the religious houses of the same fraternity in a given district, called a custody of the order."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Catholicism",
        "Christianity",
        "Roman-Catholicism"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "3 90 6",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "superior of a custody",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "kustos"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 90 6",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "superior of a custody",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "custode"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 90 6",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "superior of a custody",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Kustos"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 90 6",
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "superior of a custody",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "custode"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 90 6",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "superior of a custody",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "custos"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 90 6",
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "superior of a custody",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "kustosz"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 90 6",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "superior of a custody",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "custódio"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 90 6",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "superior of a custody",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "custodio"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Music",
          "orig": "en:Music",
          "parents": [
            "Art",
            "Sound",
            "Culture",
            "Energy",
            "Society",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 32 64",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "In older forms of musical notation, an indication, at the end of a line of music, of the first note of the next line."
      ],
      "id": "en-custos-en-noun-3gjETpQt",
      "links": [
        [
          "music",
          "music"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(music, historical) In older forms of musical notation, an indication, at the end of a line of music, of the first note of the next line."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "entertainment",
        "lifestyle",
        "music"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "custos"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "custōdia"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "custōdiō"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "custōdēla"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "subcustōs"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "LL.",
            "2": "custor"
          },
          "expansion": "Late Latin: custor",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Late Latin: custor (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "custos",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: custos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: custos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "kustos",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Finnish: kustos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Finnish: kustos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Kustos",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ German: Kustos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ German: Kustos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "custode",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Italian: custode",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Italian: custode"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "custode",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old French: custode",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old French: custode"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "frm",
            "2": "custode"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle French: custode",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle French: custode"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "unclear"
      },
      "expansion": "unclear",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*huzdą",
        "t": "hidden treasure"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *huzdą (“hidden treasure”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "hoard"
      },
      "expansion": "English hoard",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*sed-",
        "t": "to sit"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“to sit”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*huzdą"
      },
      "expansion": "*huzdą",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)kewH-",
        "4": "*(s)kewdʰ-",
        "t": "to cover, wrap, encase"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewdʰ- (“to cover, wrap, encase”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*(s)kewH-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to cover, hide"
      },
      "expansion": "*(s)kewH- (“to cover, hide”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κεύθω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to conceal"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κεύθω (keúthō, “to conceal”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "hȳdan",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to hide, conceal, preserve"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English hȳdan (“to hide, conceal, preserve”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "aestās"
      },
      "expansion": "aestās",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "aestus"
      },
      "expansion": "aestus",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "iussus"
      },
      "expansion": "iussus",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "fossus"
      },
      "expansion": "fossus",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*huzdą"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *huzdą",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*k(e)wsdʰo-",
        "t": "palace, treasure house, treasure"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *k(e)wsdʰo- (“palace, treasure house, treasure”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κύσθος",
        "t": "vulva"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κύσθος (kústhos, “vulva”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Of unclear ultimate origin. Per Nowicki 1978, from a compound *kusto-sd- 'who sits near the hidden/near the treasure', where the first element is cognate to Proto-Germanic *huzdą (“hidden treasure”) (also of uncertain etymology; see more at English hoard and below) and the second element is a reduced form of Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“to sit”) But this etymology is disputed.\nMore information\nOne proposal derives *kusto- and *huzdą from *kudʰ-to-, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewdʰ- (“to cover, wrap, encase”), from *(s)kewH- (“to cover, hide”), whence Ancient Greek κεύθω (keúthō, “to conceal”) and Old English hȳdan (“to hide, conceal, preserve”). But the derivation of Latin /st/ and Proto-Germanic *zd from PIE *dʰ-t is controversial. Some etymologists consider /st/ to be the regular outcome in Latin of PIE *dʰ-t, based on aestās and aestus; according to this view, the /ss/ found in participle forms such as iussus and fossus was introduced by analogy with forms built on stems ending in other dental consonants. But Michiel de Vaan argues that it is better to analyze /ss/ as the regular outcome of *dʰ-t, and the /st/ of aestās and aestus as an analogical reformation. Thus, De Vaan considers the /st/ in custos unexplained and the etymology unknown.\nOswald Szemerényi (1952/3 [1987]) alternatively derives the /st/ here and the *zd in Proto-Germanic *huzdą from PIE *sdʰ, tracing both back to a Proto-Indo-European *k(e)wsdʰo- (“palace, treasure house, treasure”). This etymology is accepted by Ringe 2006 who mentions Ancient Greek κύσθος (kústhos, “vulva”) as another cognate. However, Lubotsky 2004 finds this unconvincing and considers the regular outcome of *sdʰ in Latin to be a long vowel + /d/.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "custōs",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōdis",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōdēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōdis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōdī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōdibus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōdem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōdēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōdibus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōdēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "custōs/custōd<3>",
        "g": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "custōs m (genitive custōdis); third declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "custōs/custōd<3>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 35 10 38",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Occupations",
          "orig": "la:Occupations",
          "parents": [
            "People",
            "Work",
            "Human",
            "Human activity",
            "All topics",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A guard, protector, watchman"
      ],
      "id": "en-custos-la-noun-YEXkRiHe",
      "links": [
        [
          "guard",
          "guard"
        ],
        [
          "protector",
          "protector"
        ],
        [
          "watchman",
          "watchman"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "appāritor"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "21 39 19 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 35 10 38",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Occupations",
          "orig": "la:Occupations",
          "parents": [
            "People",
            "Work",
            "Human",
            "Human activity",
            "All topics",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A guardian, tutor"
      ],
      "id": "en-custos-la-noun-fysIXHPM",
      "links": [
        [
          "guardian",
          "guardian"
        ],
        [
          "tutor",
          "tutor"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "25 7 38 30",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 6 49 18",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A jailer"
      ],
      "id": "en-custos-la-noun-a9d7Rahc",
      "links": [
        [
          "jailer",
          "jailer"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "17 35 10 38",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "la",
          "name": "Occupations",
          "orig": "la:Occupations",
          "parents": [
            "People",
            "Work",
            "Human",
            "Human activity",
            "All topics",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A keeper, custodian"
      ],
      "id": "en-custos-la-noun-AkZgiVE1",
      "links": [
        [
          "keeper",
          "keeper"
        ],
        [
          "custodian",
          "custodian"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "dēfēnsor"
        },
        {
          "word": "vindex"
        },
        {
          "word": "praeses"
        },
        {
          "word": "appāritor"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkus.toːs/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkʊs̠t̪oːs̠]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkus.tos/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkust̪os]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "custos"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "noun form"
      },
      "expansion": "custos",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "custo"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "plural of custo"
      ],
      "id": "en-custos-pt-noun-pdNr8JYU",
      "links": [
        [
          "custo",
          "custo#Portuguese"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "custos"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English nouns with irregular plurals",
    "English terms borrowed from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Latin"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "custos regni"
    },
    {
      "word": "custos rotulorum"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "custōs"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin custōs",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Borrowed from Latin custōs.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "custodes",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "custodes"
      },
      "expansion": "custos (plural custodes)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with obsolete senses",
        "English terms with quotations",
        "Quotation templates to be cleaned"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "c. 1530, John Rastell, The Pastyme of People: The Cronycles of Dyuers Realmys, London",
          "text": "[…] they were commytted to prison & put out of theyr offyces & the Constable of the Towre made custos of the citye.",
          "type": "quotation"
        },
        {
          "ref": "1803, Robert Charles Dallas, The History of the Maroons, London: Longman and Rees, Volume 1, Letter 5, p. 148",
          "text": "Mr. Tharp, the Custos of the parish, and several other gentlement, accompanied the corps.",
          "type": "quotation"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A warden."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "warden",
          "warden"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(obsolete) A warden."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "en:Roman Catholicism"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A monastic superior, who, under the general of his order, has the direction of all the religious houses of the same fraternity in a given district, called a custody of the order."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Roman Catholicism",
          "Roman Catholicism"
        ],
        [
          "custody",
          "custody"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Roman Catholicism) A monastic superior, who, under the general of his order, has the direction of all the religious houses of the same fraternity in a given district, called a custody of the order."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Catholicism",
        "Christianity",
        "Roman-Catholicism"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English terms with historical senses",
        "en:Music"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "In older forms of musical notation, an indication, at the end of a line of music, of the first note of the next line."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "music",
          "music"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(music, historical) In older forms of musical notation, an indication, at the end of a line of music, of the first note of the next line."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "historical"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "entertainment",
        "lifestyle",
        "music"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "superior of a custody",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "kustos"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "superior of a custody",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "custode"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "superior of a custody",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Kustos"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "superior of a custody",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "custode"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "superior of a custody",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "custos"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "superior of a custody",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "kustosz"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "superior of a custody",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "custódio"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "superior of a custody",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "custodio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "custos"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Latin 2-syllable words",
    "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
    "Latin entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "Latin lemmas",
    "Latin masculine nouns",
    "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
    "Latin nouns",
    "Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Latin terms with unknown etymologies",
    "Latin third declension nouns",
    "la:Occupations"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "custōdia"
    },
    {
      "word": "custōdiō"
    },
    {
      "word": "custōdēla"
    },
    {
      "word": "subcustōs"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "LL.",
            "2": "custor"
          },
          "expansion": "Late Latin: custor",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {},
          "expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
          "name": "see desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Late Latin: custor (see there for further descendants)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "custos",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ English: custos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ English: custos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "kustos",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Finnish: kustos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Finnish: kustos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "Kustos",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ German: Kustos",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ German: Kustos"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "it",
            "2": "custode",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Italian: custode",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Italian: custode"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fro",
            "2": "custode",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Old French: custode",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Old French: custode"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "frm",
            "2": "custode"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle French: custode",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle French: custode"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "unclear"
      },
      "expansion": "unclear",
      "name": "unk"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*huzdą",
        "t": "hidden treasure"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *huzdą (“hidden treasure”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "hoard"
      },
      "expansion": "English hoard",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*sed-",
        "t": "to sit"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“to sit”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*huzdą"
      },
      "expansion": "*huzdą",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*(s)kewH-",
        "4": "*(s)kewdʰ-",
        "t": "to cover, wrap, encase"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewdʰ- (“to cover, wrap, encase”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*(s)kewH-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to cover, hide"
      },
      "expansion": "*(s)kewH- (“to cover, hide”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κεύθω",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to conceal"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κεύθω (keúthō, “to conceal”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "hȳdan",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to hide, conceal, preserve"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English hȳdan (“to hide, conceal, preserve”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "aestās"
      },
      "expansion": "aestās",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "aestus"
      },
      "expansion": "aestus",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "iussus"
      },
      "expansion": "iussus",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "fossus"
      },
      "expansion": "fossus",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*huzdą"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *huzdą",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*k(e)wsdʰo-",
        "t": "palace, treasure house, treasure"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *k(e)wsdʰo- (“palace, treasure house, treasure”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κύσθος",
        "t": "vulva"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κύσθος (kústhos, “vulva”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Of unclear ultimate origin. Per Nowicki 1978, from a compound *kusto-sd- 'who sits near the hidden/near the treasure', where the first element is cognate to Proto-Germanic *huzdą (“hidden treasure”) (also of uncertain etymology; see more at English hoard and below) and the second element is a reduced form of Proto-Indo-European *sed- (“to sit”) But this etymology is disputed.\nMore information\nOne proposal derives *kusto- and *huzdą from *kudʰ-to-, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewdʰ- (“to cover, wrap, encase”), from *(s)kewH- (“to cover, hide”), whence Ancient Greek κεύθω (keúthō, “to conceal”) and Old English hȳdan (“to hide, conceal, preserve”). But the derivation of Latin /st/ and Proto-Germanic *zd from PIE *dʰ-t is controversial. Some etymologists consider /st/ to be the regular outcome in Latin of PIE *dʰ-t, based on aestās and aestus; according to this view, the /ss/ found in participle forms such as iussus and fossus was introduced by analogy with forms built on stems ending in other dental consonants. But Michiel de Vaan argues that it is better to analyze /ss/ as the regular outcome of *dʰ-t, and the /st/ of aestās and aestus as an analogical reformation. Thus, De Vaan considers the /st/ in custos unexplained and the etymology unknown.\nOswald Szemerényi (1952/3 [1987]) alternatively derives the /st/ here and the *zd in Proto-Germanic *huzdą from PIE *sdʰ, tracing both back to a Proto-Indo-European *k(e)wsdʰo- (“palace, treasure house, treasure”). This etymology is accepted by Ringe 2006 who mentions Ancient Greek κύσθος (kústhos, “vulva”) as another cognate. However, Lubotsky 2004 finds this unconvincing and considers the regular outcome of *sdʰ in Latin to be a long vowel + /d/.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "custōs",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōdis",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "la-ndecl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōdēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōdis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōdum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōdī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōdibus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōdem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōdēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōde",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōdibus",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "custōdēs",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "custōs/custōd<3>",
        "g": "m"
      },
      "expansion": "custōs m (genitive custōdis); third declension",
      "name": "la-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "custōs/custōd<3>"
      },
      "name": "la-ndecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Latin",
  "lang_code": "la",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A guard, protector, watchman"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "guard",
          "guard"
        ],
        [
          "protector",
          "protector"
        ],
        [
          "watchman",
          "watchman"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "appāritor"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A guardian, tutor"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "guardian",
          "guardian"
        ],
        [
          "tutor",
          "tutor"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A jailer"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "jailer",
          "jailer"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A keeper, custodian"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "keeper",
          "keeper"
        ],
        [
          "custodian",
          "custodian"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "dēfēnsor"
        },
        {
          "word": "vindex"
        },
        {
          "word": "praeses"
        },
        {
          "word": "appāritor"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "declension-3"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkus.toːs/",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkʊs̠t̪oːs̠]",
      "tags": [
        "Classical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkus.tos/",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈkust̪os]",
      "note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
    }
  ],
  "word": "custos"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "noun form"
      },
      "expansion": "custos",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Portuguese non-lemma forms",
        "Portuguese noun forms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "custo"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "plural of custo"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "custo",
          "custo#Portuguese"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "custos"
}