See chalenge on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for chalenge meaning in All languages combined (7.6kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "challenge"
},
"expansion": "English: challenge",
"name": "desc"
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],
"text": "English: challenge"
},
{
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{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "challenge"
},
"expansion": "Scots: challenge",
"name": "desc"
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],
"text": "Scots: challenge"
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},
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{
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"2": "fro",
"3": "chalenge",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French chalenge",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chalenge"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old French chalenge",
"name": "bor+"
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{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "chalange"
},
"expansion": "chalange",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "chalonge"
},
"expansion": "chalonge",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "calumnia"
},
"expansion": "Latin calumnia",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*kalwomniā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *kalwomniā",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French chalenge, chalange, chalonge, from Latin calumnia, from Proto-Italic *kalwomniā.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chalenges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
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"2": "nouns",
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"g3": "",
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"expansion": "chalenge",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "chalenges"
},
"expansion": "chalenge (plural chalenges)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
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"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chalengeable"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chalengen"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chalengere"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chalengynge"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 31 8 4 27 6",
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"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
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],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 32 7 4 27 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 17 25 25 9 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Crime",
"orig": "enm:Crime",
"parents": [
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"Society",
"Law",
"All topics",
"Justice",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 19 27 25 6 8",
"kind": "topical",
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"name": "Law",
"orig": "enm:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A slanderous or defamatory claim or allegation."
],
"id": "en-chalenge-enm-noun-Ey6-iq-t",
"links": [
[
"slanderous",
"slanderous"
],
[
"defamatory",
"defamatory"
],
[
"claim",
"claim"
],
[
"allegation",
"allegation"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 31 8 4 27 6",
"kind": "other",
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},
{
"_dis": "24 32 7 4 27 6",
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],
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},
{
"_dis": "15 17 25 25 9 8",
"kind": "topical",
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"name": "Crime",
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"parents": [
"Criminal law",
"Society",
"Law",
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"Justice",
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],
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},
{
"_dis": "15 19 27 25 6 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "enm:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A (personal) flaw, wrong or misdeed."
],
"id": "en-chalenge-enm-noun-8HERyyL2",
"links": [
[
"flaw",
"flaw"
],
[
"wrong",
"wrong"
],
[
"misdeed",
"misdeed"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 17 25 25 9 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
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"Criminal law",
"Society",
"Law",
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{
"_dis": "15 19 27 25 6 8",
"kind": "topical",
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"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A claim; the assertion of a privilege or right."
],
"id": "en-chalenge-enm-noun-H~Or~W4p",
"links": [
[
"claim",
"claim"
],
[
"assertion",
"assertion"
],
[
"privilege",
"privilege"
],
[
"right",
"right"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 17 25 25 9 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Crime",
"orig": "enm:Crime",
"parents": [
"Criminal law",
"Society",
"Law",
"All topics",
"Justice",
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],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 19 27 25 6 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Law",
"orig": "enm:Law",
"parents": [
"Justice",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 14 8 41 12 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Violence",
"orig": "enm:Violence",
"parents": [
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"A summons for a duel, especially for a trial by combat."
],
"id": "en-chalenge-enm-noun-wZoamMyP",
"links": [
[
"summon",
"summon"
],
[
"duel",
"duel"
],
[
"trial",
"trial"
],
[
"combat",
"combat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A summons for a duel, especially for a trial by combat."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 31 8 4 27 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 32 7 4 27 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The challenging or countering of an assertion."
],
"id": "en-chalenge-enm-noun-n48NcKJg",
"links": [
[
"challenging",
"challenging"
],
[
"countering",
"countering"
],
[
"assertion",
"assertion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) The challenging or countering of an assertion."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃalɛnd͡ʒ(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃala(u̯)nd͡ʒ(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkal-/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "caleng"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chalange"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chalaunge"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chalence"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "chaleng"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kalange"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "kalleng"
}
],
"word": "chalenge"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
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{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "chalenge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "chalengen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of chalengen"
],
"id": "en-chalenge-enm-verb-XgSu21nZ",
"links": [
[
"chalengen",
"chalengen#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "chalenge"
}
{
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{
"args": {
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"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "chalenge m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "chalonge"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of chalonge"
],
"id": "en-chalenge-fro-noun-5rByL83v",
"links": [
[
"chalonge",
"chalonge#Old French"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "chalenge"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English nouns",
"Middle English terms borrowed from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Latin",
"Middle English terms derived from Old French",
"Middle English terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Middle English verbs",
"enm:Crime",
"enm:Law",
"enm:Violence"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
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},
"expansion": "English: challenge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: challenge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "challenge"
},
"expansion": "Scots: challenge",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: challenge"
}
],
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{
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"3": "chalenge",
"4": "",
"5": "",
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"g3": "",
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"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old French chalenge",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "fro",
"3": "chalenge"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Old French chalenge",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "chalange"
},
"expansion": "chalange",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "chalonge"
},
"expansion": "chalonge",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "la",
"3": "calumnia"
},
"expansion": "Latin calumnia",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "*kalwomniā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic *kalwomniā",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Old French chalenge, chalange, chalonge, from Latin calumnia, from Proto-Italic *kalwomniā.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chalenges",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
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"g": "",
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"g3": "",
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},
"expansion": "chalenge",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "chalenges"
},
"expansion": "chalenge (plural chalenges)",
"name": "enm-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "chalengeable"
},
{
"word": "chalengen"
},
{
"word": "chalengere"
},
{
"word": "chalengynge"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"A slanderous or defamatory claim or allegation."
],
"links": [
[
"slanderous",
"slanderous"
],
[
"defamatory",
"defamatory"
],
[
"claim",
"claim"
],
[
"allegation",
"allegation"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A (personal) flaw, wrong or misdeed."
],
"links": [
[
"flaw",
"flaw"
],
[
"wrong",
"wrong"
],
[
"misdeed",
"misdeed"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"A claim; the assertion of a privilege or right."
],
"links": [
[
"claim",
"claim"
],
[
"assertion",
"assertion"
],
[
"privilege",
"privilege"
],
[
"right",
"right"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"A summons for a duel, especially for a trial by combat."
],
"links": [
[
"summon",
"summon"
],
[
"duel",
"duel"
],
[
"trial",
"trial"
],
[
"combat",
"combat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) A summons for a duel, especially for a trial by combat."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"The challenging or countering of an assertion."
],
"links": [
[
"challenging",
"challenging"
],
[
"countering",
"countering"
],
[
"assertion",
"assertion"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) The challenging or countering of an assertion."
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃalɛnd͡ʒ(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʃala(u̯)nd͡ʒ(ə)/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkal-/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "caleng"
},
{
"word": "chalange"
},
{
"word": "chalaunge"
},
{
"word": "chalence"
},
{
"word": "chaleng"
},
{
"word": "kalange"
},
{
"word": "kalleng"
}
],
"word": "chalenge"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs",
"enm:Crime",
"enm:Law",
"enm:Violence"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "chalenge",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "chalengen"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of chalengen"
],
"links": [
[
"chalengen",
"chalengen#Middle English"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"word": "chalenge"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "noun",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "chalenge m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old French",
"lang_code": "fro",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "chalonge"
}
],
"categories": [
"Old French entries with incorrect language header",
"Old French lemmas",
"Old French masculine nouns",
"Old French nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of chalonge"
],
"links": [
[
"chalonge",
"chalonge#Old French"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"word": "chalenge"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.